voluntary 
iirKnIlve sense of eoii.-eiil int.', or mil refusing or olijei-tlnit. 
in regard to the with of another. 
Some of the pleasantcst recollei-tlonii (if my rhiMh,l 
are cullllecleil with the voluntary study of IIM nnctuht Bible 
which lirloiii.'1-tl to my Knuulniolln r 
Iliuclru, Critiques and Addi. >.. |i. I 
.s'/ii/i-Hx Joys, where nature ha lt pin), 
The soul adopts, and owns their Hist h.irti sway. 
ilHlihmiili. lies. \ il , I 
He lent a trillion eta to tin- artful propositions of Storm. 
1'rexoll, Kuril, and Isa., IL 1. 
II. n.; pi. rnliiiiltirii's (-ri/). 1. One who 
engages iu any affair of his own choice or free 
will ; a volunteer. 
Rash, inconsiderate, fiery voluntaries, 
With ladles' faces and tierce dragons' spleens. 
Shall., K. John, II. 1. 67. 
6787 
Hint account; in tin- I'niliMl Si;ii.-. i -|..-,-ially 
during tin- i-ivil war, n soldier of a boaj othcY 
than the regular army, hut practically ^ 
liv the s,-iiiit> laws when in service, i,, <; r .-at Brit- 
ain the government provides the various bodies of vol. 
i -, "i i Milieu soldiery, with competent Instructors, 
Specifically 2. A'nVc.v., in Groat Britain, one 
who maintains the doctrine of the mutual iii- 
ilepi-mleiiee of the church and the state, :nnl 
holds tliat the church should be supported by 
the voluntary contributions of its members and 
should be left entirely free to regulate its af- 
fairs. 3. Any work or performance not im- 
posed by another. 
At school he [Wordsworth] wrote some task-verses on 
ni'jrri -, imposed hy the master, and also some volunta- 
ries of his own, equally undistinguished by any peculiar 
merit. Lmcell, Among my Books, 2d ser., p. 206. 
4. In i-lnin-li music, an organ prelude to a ser- 
vice; sometimes, by extension, an interlude or 
postlude ; also, an anthem or other piece of 
choir-music, especially at the opening of a ser- 
vice. These uses of the word seem to have originated 
in Ihe fact that such musical exercises are not rubrically 
prescribed. 
The rich may indulge in superfluities. The Ionian muse 
is somewhat too fond of playing mluntafif*. 
Landor, Imag. Conv., Virgllius and Horatlus. 
My dear HerrCapellmeister. they say you play the most 
exquisite voluntaries ! Now do play us one. 
Longfellow, Hyperion, Iv. t. 
At voluntaryt, voluntarily ; by an effort of will. 
C'yrces cuppes were too strong for all antidotes, and 
womens flatteries too forceable to resist at voluntarie. 
Greene, Never Too Late (Works, ed. Dyce, Int, p. ill.). 
voluntaryt (vol'un-ta-ri), rtrfr. [< voluntary, .] 
Voluntarily. 
Gold, amber, yvorle, perles, owches, rings, 
And all that els was pretious and deare. 
The sea unto him voluntary brings. 
Spenser, F. Q., III. iv. -28. 
I serve here voluntary. Shot., T. and C., II. 1. 103. 
voluntaryism (vol'un-ta-ri-izm), n. [< volun- 
tary + -tsm.] Voluntary principle or action; 
the system or principle of supporting anything 
by voluntary contribution or assistance; es- 
pecially, the principle of unrestricted personal 
liberty in matters of religion this involving 
on the one hand the obligation of church-mem- 
bers to support and maintain religious ordi- 
nances, and on the other the church's entire 
freedom from state patronage, support, and 
control. 
Esther. . . was unable at present to give her mind to the 
original functions of a bishop, or the comparative merits 
of Endowments and Voluntaryism. 
George Eliot, Felix Holt, xli. 
Tbe transatlantic friend of Vane, at the very nick of 
time, was the central champion in England of absolute 
voluntaryism, against the Independents and the famous 
fifteen proposals for a State Church on their sort of 
" Christian Fundamentals." IT. A. Rev., CXXVI. 541. 
In education, voluntaryism has been most prominent 
and most beneficent from early times. 
Jour, of Education, XVIII. 148. 
voluntaryist (vol'un-ta-ri-ist), w. [< voluntary 
+ -ist.~\ One who believes in or advocates vol- 
untaryism, especially in religion. [Rare.] 
We commend this tribute to the Church of England to 
our friends on the other side of the water, as proof that 
an American and a Voluntaryint can yet do full justice to 
that ancient and historical church. 
New York Evanyelitt, Oct. 19, 1876. 
voluntatiye (vol'un-ta-tiv), a. [< L. volun- 
ta(t-)s, will, + -tt'e.] Voluntary. 
The simple solution seems to be that the conditioning 
of a purpose destroys Its absolute voluntative power. 
Amer. Jour. Philol., IV. 426. 
voluntet, See folunty. 
Volunteer (vol-un-ter'), M. and n. [< F.volun- 
taire, now volontaire = Sp. Pg. It. volantario, < 
L. voluntarius, voluntary : see voluntary.] I. n. 
1. A person who enters into any service of his 
own free will. 
He has had Compassion upon Lovers, and generously 
engag'd a PWiMtMr in this Action, for our Service. 
Congreve, Way of the World, v. 14. 
2. A person who enters military service of 
his own free will, and not by constraint or com- 
pulsion ; one who offers to serve, and generally 
receives some consideration or privileges on 
arms, and a part of their ammunition, besides allowing to 
MI h orps certain Kraut* nranortioned to the number of 
eltleient members, etc. A British volunteer can resign on 
(tn init a fortnight's notice, except In a crisis of imminent 
danger to the country. Iu the United States the army of 
volunteers comprises, to all Intents and purposes (1) 
the regular unpaid forces of state militia which, when 
called Into the actual service of the United .States, receive 
pay from the government, and are subject to the rules 
and articles of war, and (2) that class of troops which may 
from time to time be raised by Congress on occasions of 
national emergency. Such troop* an properly United 
states troops, and the method of officering them Is desig- 
nated by Congress. 
At the very outset of the campaign, the Inexperience of 
Ihe Federal volunteer* was made evident, even more on 
the inarch than on the battle-Aeld. 
Comte de Paris, Civil War In America (trans.), I. 193. 
Volunteer* often complain that they are not taken seri- 
ously enough. . . . .Nor must they ever cease complain- 
ing until they have been thoroughly organized for what- 
ever their duties are to be, and until those duties are per- 
fectly clear to themselves and the country at large. 
Fortnightly Hen., X. 8., XJJ.Il. 616. 
3. In late, one who claims the benefit of a con- 
tract or conveyance although no consideration 
proceeded from him nor from any one in whose 
place he stands. 4. A tree which grows spon- 
taneously : as, that pear-tree in my garden is a 
fnliniteer. [Southern U. S.] 
H. a. 1. Entering into military service by 
free will and choice: as, a volunteer soldier. 
2. Composed of volunteers: as, a volunteer 
corps. 
The volunlrer artillery, furnished by the several States, 
was only organized Into batteries, having no officer above 
the rank of captain. 
Comte de Paris, Civil War In America (trans.), I. 276. 
volunteer (vol-un-ter'), c. [< roluttteer, n.] I. 
trans. To offer, contribute, or bestow volunta- 
rily, or without constraint or compulsion. 
The chief agents who had already volunteered their ser- 
vices against him. 
Oiford, Note on B. Jonson's Poetaster, 111. 1. 
Bit by bit, the full and true 
Particulars of the tale were volunteered 
With all the breathless zeal of friendship. 
Browning, Ring ami Book, I. 282. 
II. intrant. To enter into any service of one's 
free will, without constraint or compulsion : as, 
to volunteer for a campaign, 
volunteer lyt ( vol-un-ter'Ti ), adv . Voluntari ly ; 
as a volunteer. 
Votunteerly to ramble with Lord London Campbell, 
Brave Hay did suffer for a'. 
Battle of Sherif-lluir (Child's Ballads, VII. l&g). 
voluntomotory (vol'un-to-mo'to-ri), a. [< vol- 
tint(ary) + motory.'] Having or pertaining to 
motor influence or effect which is voluntary, or 
subject to the will : with Remak specifying the 
somatopleural division of the body, including 
the muscular system of ordinary language, as 
distinguished from the splanchnopleural or in- 
voluntomotory (which see). 
The tolunto motory, corresponding to the body-wall or 
somatoplenre. Encyc. Brit., VIII. 167. 
VOluntyt, n. [< ME. volunte, also volente, voul- 
ente, < OF. volente, volunte, F. volonte = Sp. 
voluntad = It. volunta, will, < L. rnliint<i(t-)i<, 
will, desire: see voluntary.'} Will; wish; will 
and pleasure. 
For that he 
May not f ulfllle his volunte. 
Rom, of the Rote, 1. 5270. 
For of free choice and hertely volente, 
She bathe to God avowed, chastite. 
Lydgate, MS. Ashmole 838, f. 16. (Halliirrll.) 
After me made by thy will and uolente 
To take this woman of the fayry, 
This here diffamed serpent vnto *. 
Rom, of Partrnay(E. E. T. S.X 1. 3473. 
" Sir," quod thei, " yef It be not thus, doth with vs youre 
votente." llerlin (E. E. T. 8.), 1. 29. 
And the seid Tuddenham and Heydon wold after tbeyr 
toulente have It hald yn meen of the maner of Hetersete, 
whyeh sufficient evldeusea that ye have speclfyeth no 
thyng soo. Paston Letter*, I. 173. 
VOluperet, "- [ME., also volupeer, voleper.'] A 
cap or head-dress worn in the fourteenth cen- 
tury by either sex. 
The tapes of hir white voluper 
Were of the same suyte of hir coler. 
Chaucer, Miller's Tale, L 56. 
voluptiet, See volupty. 
voluptuary (vo-lup'tu-a-ri), a. and w. [= F. 
i-nliipttiaire = It. roluttuario, < L. MfaplMPfM, 
for earlier eoluptunus, of or pertaining to plea- 
sure, <volupta(t-)s, enjoyment, delight: see r<>- 
Voluspa 
I. " 1- Pertaining or iiributing to 
luxury :nnl -.-n-uii] pleasure ; promoting 
Mini indulgence. 
The arts which fionrlith In lime* while virtue Is hi 
growth are military, and while viiiu. Is Iu state are lib- 
eral, and while virtue in In <l< i linniioii an- voluptuary. 
Bacon, Advancement of Leanilng, II. 
The works of the voluptuary arts are properly attributed 
to Vulcan, the Oo4 of Ore. 
Bacon, Physical Fables, II., Kxpl 
2. Given to sensual indulgence; voliipliinu-.: 
an. nilH/itititry haliit>. 
II. ".: pi. i-iilui'tiKiriix (-rir.). A man given 
up to luxury or the gratification of the H)>t>et it<- 
and other seiiMinil iinliil^enro; a 
Does not the voluptuary understand, In all the liberties 
of a loose and lewd < on vernation, thst he runs the rick of 
body and soul ? Sir R. L'SHnrngt. 
The parable was Intended against the voluptuaries of that 
time, . . . men who, notwithstanding they professed 
themselves Jews, lived like Heathens. 
lip. AUerbwy, Sermons, I. ill. 
We have the Voluptuary, when first pleasant feelings, 
and secondly the pleassntness of pleasant feelings, sra 
made the end to which all else Is means, and the abstrac- 
tion of pleasure's sake Is pursued. 
/'. //. Bradley, Ethical Studies, p. 263, note. 
VOlnptuatet (vo-lup'tu-at), r. t. [< L. i-ii lii/i/:!. 
(OHM) + -OtiC) To make luxurious or delight- 
ful. 
Tis watching and labour that niluptuates repose and 
sleep. FetUum, Resolves, a 44. 
VOluptUOSityt (vo-lup-tu-os'i-ti), H. [< riilii/,tn- 
OH + -ity.~\ Voluptuousness. 
In some children nature Is more prone to vice than to 
vert ue, and In the tender wlttes be sparkes of tnfajrfMosi- 
tie. Sir T. Elyot, The Oovernour, L 6. 
voluptuous (vd-lup'tu-ns), a. [< ME. rolui>tn- 
out, < OF. "voluptuous, F. roluptueux = 8p. Pg. 
voluptuoso = It. volnttuoso, < L. roluptuomu, mil 
of gratification, delightful, < voliipta(t-)ii, plea- 
sure: see rolupty.] 1. Pertaining to, proceed- 
ing from, or inclined to sensual gratification : 
as, voluptuous tastes or habits. 2. Passed or 
spent in luxury or sensuality. 
Soften 'd with pleasure and voluptuous life. 
Milton, 8. A., 1. 634. 
3. Contributing to sensual pleasure ; exciting, 
or tending to excite, sensual desires and indul- 
gence ; sensual. 
He that Is temperate fleetb pleasures voluptuous. 
Sir T. Elyot, The (lovernonr, ill. 20. 
Voluptuous Idleness. Holland, tr. of Pliny, xlz. 4. 
Ah, Vice ! how soft are thy voluptuous ways ! 
Byron, Chllde Harold, L 66. 
Barbara Palmer, Duchess of Cleveland, was there, no 
longer young, but still retaining some traces of that superb 
and voluptuous loveliness which twenty years before over, 
came the hearts of all men. Macaulay, Hist Eng., Iv. 
The face voluptuous, yet pure ; funeste, but Innocent. 
J. S. Fanu, Tenants of Mallory, I- 
Low volupluou* music winding. 
Tennyson, Vision of Sin, II. 
4. Given to the enjoyments of luxury and plea- 
sure; indulging in sensual gratifications. 
Thou wilt bring me soon 
. . . where I shall reign 
At thy right hand voluptuous, as beseems 
Thy daughter and thy darling, without end. 
Milton, P. L., IL 869. 
Jolly and voluptuous livers. 
/.';/. Miernurti, Sermons, IV. Iv. 
= Syn. Carnal, Sensuous, etc. See setutual. 
voluptuously (vo-lup'tu-us-li), ode. In a vo- 
luptuous manner; with" free indulgence in seu- 
sual pleasures: luxuriously; sensually: as, to 
live voluptuoualy. 
Voluptuously surfeit out of action. Shot.. Cor., 1. 3. 27. 
voluptuousness (vo-lup'tu-us-ues), N. The 
state or character of being voluptuous, or ad- 
dicted to the pursuit of pleasure and sensual 
gratification ; luxuriousuess. 
But there 's no bottom, none. 
In ray voluptuousness; your wives, your daughters, 
Your matrons, and your maids could not fill up 
The cistern of my lust. Shot., Macbeth, IT. 3. 61. 
The voluptuousness of holding a human being in his 1 1 he 
slave owner's) absolute control. 
Emerton, West Indian Emancipation. 
To the north-east, In places, the backs snd sides of the 
mountains have a green, pastoral voluptuousness, so smooth 
and full are they with thick turf. 
The Century, XXIV. 421. 
voluptyt, n. [Early mod. E. also roluptie; < 
OF. voluptf, F. volupti = Pr. voluptat = It. co- 
luptii, roliillii, < L. roluj>ta(t-)s, enjoyment, de- 
light.] Voluptuousness. Kir T. Elyot, The 
Governour, iii. 20. 
Voluspa (vol-us-pa'), n. [< Icel. foluspa, the 
song of the sibyl, < rolu, gen. of votva, also volfa 
(pi. rolur), a prophetess, sibyl, wise woman, + 
,*/'<.'. prophesy, also pry, look, > Sc. spae: see 
