wapiti 
neck, and limbs, even blackening on the belly; on the 
rump is a white patch bordered with black and extending 
into the groin; the tail is extremely short. The antlers 
are very long, witli comparatively slender, cylindric, and 
regxilarly curved beam, giving off in front the brow- and 
bez-antlers close together, the royal at end of first tlilrd 
Wapiti, or American Elk iCervuj canadensis). 
of the beam, a large sur-royal at end of second third, and 
then forking dichotomously (only exceptionally acquiring 
any palmation like the crown of the European stag). A 
pair of good-sized antlers may weigh, with the skull, 50 
or 60 pounds, measure 4 or 5 feet along the curve of the 
beam, and spread 3 or 4 feet ap.irt. The venison is well 
ilavored and highly nutritious. The wapiti has inhabited 
North America from the Atlantic to the Pacific, and from 
Mexico to about 57° in the interior ; but it has been hunted 
out of nearly all its range, and is now found chiefiy in the 
Rocky Mountain region of the United States, especially 
of the Upper Missouri and Yellowstone rivers. It is 
gregarious, goes in herds or droves sometimes of many 
hundreds, is slaughtered witli little diflflculty, and would 
soon become extinct were no measures taken for its pres- 
ervation. 
wappato (wop'a-to), n. [Also wapatoo; < Ore- 
gon Ind. wapatoo, wappatoo (f).] The tubers 
of Sagittaria variabilis. The Indians of Oregon 
use them as food. 
wappet, »'• An obsolete spelling of wapi. 
wappent, »*• Same as wapen. 
wappenedt, «• A spurious (or perhaps obscene) 
word occuiTing only in the following passage. 
It has been conjectured to be a misprint for 
weeping. 
This yellow slave [gold] 
Will knit and break religions. . . . This is it 
That makes the wappen'd widow wed again. 
Shalc.,1. of A., iv. 3.38. 
wappenshaw, n. See wapenshaio. 
wappert (wap'fer), v. i. [Freq. of wap^ : see 
wapi, icai-eri.] To move tremulously ; totter; 
blink. 
But still he stode his face to set awrye. 
And wappering tumid up his white of eye. 
Mir. for Magis. {Imp. Diet.) 
wapper-eyedt ( wap'6r-id), a. [< wapper + eye^ 
+ -er?2.] Blear-eyed; blinking. 
A little wapper-eyfd constable, to wink and blink at 
small faults. Middteton, Black Book, p. 628. 
Wapper-jaw (wap'er-ja), n. 1. A wry mouth. 
Halliwell. [Prov. Eng.] — 2. A projecting un- 
der-jaw. [Colloq., U. S.] 
wappet (wap'et), «. [Of. wup^.] A cur-dog. 
HtiHiwell. [Prov. Eng.] 
Wappineert (wop-i-ner'), n. [Var. of *Wap- 
pingeer for Wappinger, q. v.] A man of Wap- 
ping, a district of London along the Thames, 
near the Tower. 
In kennel .sowc'd o'er head and ears 
Amongst the crowding Wappineerg. 
D'Urfey, Colin's Walk, ii. (Davieg.) 
Wappineer tar, a waterman from Wapping Old Stairs ; 
hence, a fresh-water sailor; a landlubber. 
Hip, The Commadore, a most illiterate Wappineer-Tar, 
hates the Gentlemen of the Navy, gets drunk with liis 
Boates-Crew, and values hintself upon the Brutish Man- 
agement of the Navy. 
C Shadwell, Humours of the Navy, Dramatis Persona. 
Wappineert (wop'ing-er), ti. [< Wuppiing + 
-t/i.] -A man of Wapping, London. 
He wa3 a thorough-paced traitor, and looked upon to he 
paymaster of the mob ; a Wajipinger, and good at muster- 
ing seamen. Tfo^fer A'or(/i, Examen, p. 5B5. {Dameg.) 
wapplerite (wop'ler-it), «. A liydrated arse- 
nate of calcium and magnesium, found at Joa- 
ehimsthal in minute white crystals. 
waps (wops), II. A dialectal variant of wu.i)). 
wapynt, «. An obsolete form of uenpoti. 
war' (war), /(. [Early mod. E. warre ; < ME. 
Iter, werr, were, werre, ireorrc, Wjinc. < late AS. 
6818 
werre (also cited in AL. as *war, in comp. war- 
scot), < OF. werre, guerre, F. guerre = Pr. guer- 
ra, gerra = Sp. Pg. It. guerra, war, < ML. wer- 
ra, war, < OHG. werra, vexation, strife, contro- 
versy, confusion, broil (= MD. werre = MLG. 
werre, strife, war, hostility), < werran (fir-wer- 
ran), MHG. werren (ver-werren), G. wirren (rer- 
wirren), confuse, entangle, embroil, = MD. 
werren {ver-werreu), embroil, entangle; akin to 
E. worse : see worse, and cf . war^, ult. a var. of 
worse. The F. guerre appears in the phrase 
nom de guerre, and the Sp. in the dim. guerrilla. 
Hence war^, v., warray, warrior, etc.] 1. A 
contest beween nations or states (»H<er«a((onai 
war), or between parties in the same state (civil 
war), carried on by force of arms. International 
or public war is always understood to be authorized by 
the sovereign powers of the nations engaged In it ; when 
it is carried into the territories of the antagonist it is 
called an aggressive or offensive war, and when carried 
on to resist such aggression it is called defensive. Certain 
usages or rights of war have come to be generally recog- 
nized and defined under the name of the Laws of War, 
which in general (but subject to some humane restrictions 
which in recent times have been greatly increased) permit 
the destruction or capture of armed enemies, the destruc- 
tion of property likely to be serviceable to them, the stop- 
page of all their channels of traffic, and the appropriation 
of everything in an enemy's country necessary for the 
support and subsistence of the invading army. On the 
other hand, though an enemy may be starved into surren- 
der, wounding, except in battle, mutilation, and all cruel 
and wanton devastation are contrary to the usages of war, 
as are also bombarding an unprotected town, the use of 
poison in any way, and torture to extort information from 
an enemy: but it is admitted that an enemy may be put 
to death for certain acts which .ii-e in themselves not crim- 
inal, and it may be even highly patriotic and praiseworthy, 
but are injurious to the invaders, such as firing on the in- 
vaders although not regularly enrolled in an organized 
military force, or seeking to impair the invaders' lines of 
communication. 
"After this werr," quod she, "God send vs pcce." 
Generydes (E. E. T. S.), 1. 900. 
Learning and art, and especially religion, wenve ties 
that make war look like fratricide, as it is. 
Emerson, War. 
2. A state of active opposition, hostility, or con- 
test : as, to be at war (that is, engaged in ac- 
tive hostilities). 
Mine eye and heart are at a mortal war. 
Shak., Sonnets, xlvi. 
A wounded thing with a rancorous cry. 
At war with myself and a wretched race. 
Tennyson, Maud, x. 2. 
3. Any kind of contest or conflict; contention; 
strife: as, a wordy war. — 4. The profession of 
arms; the art of war. 
Nation shall not lift up sword ngainst nation, neither 
shall they learn war any more. Isa. ii. 4. 
War is our bus'ness, but to whom is giv'n 
To die, or triumph, that determine henv'n ! 
Pope, Iliad, xxii 171. 
5. Forces; army. Compare l>a (He. [Poetical.] 
O'er the embattled ranks the waves return 
And overwhelm their war. Milton, P. L., xii. 214. 
In this an-ay the war of either side 
Through Athens passed with military pride. 
Dryden, Pal. and Arc, iii. 101. 
6. Warlike outfit. 
His Complement of Stores, and total War. 
Prior, Henry and Emma. 
[War is sometimes used in the plural fomi with the same 
signification as it has in the singular. 
I'll to the Tuscan ivars. Shak., All's Well, ii. 3. 290.] 
Articles of war. See art;d«.— Austro-Prusslan war, 
the war waged by Prussia, Italy, and some minor Ger- 
man states against Austria, the states of South Ger- 
many, Saxony, Hanover, etc., in 1866. It resulted in 
the victory of the former, the dissolution of the Ger- 
manic confederation, the replacing of Austria by Prus- 
sia in the hegemony of Germany, large additions to Pi-us- 
sian territory, and the cession to Italy of Venetia by Aus- 
tria.— Broad-seal war. See fw-Mrf-scaZ.— Buck-shot 
war. See buck-shot. — Civil war, a war between ditferent 
factions of a people or between different sections of a coun- 
try. Specifically — (a) In Rmi, hist., the war between Sulla 
and Marius (commencing 88 B. c.) or that between Pom- 
pey and Ccesar (commencing 49 B. C). (6) In Ung. hist., 
the war of the great rebellion. See rebellion, (c) In 
U. S. hist., the war of secession. See seccmon.— Contra- 
band of war. See contraband goods, under contraband. 
— Council of war. See cok/ict^.- Crimean war. See 
Crimean.— Custom of war, declaration of war. De- 
partment of War, effelr of war. See custom, declara- 
tion, etc. — Eighty years' war, the contest between 
Spain and tlieNetherlands, extending with intermissions 
from aliout 1568 to the recognition by Spain of Dutch 
independence in 1648.— Franco-Gennan war, or Fran- 
co-Prussian war, the war between France and Ger- 
many in 1870-1, ending in the defeat of the former, the 
cession to Germany of Alsace-Lorraine, and the formation 
of the modern German empire.— French and Indian 
war, a war waged byGreat Britain and its American colo- 
nies against lYance and Indian allies, 1754-63. ending 
in the acquisition of Canada and the Mississippi region by 
Great Britain; it was a part of the"Seven Years W.nr." 
— Holy war, a war waged with a religious purpose : as, 
the holy wars of the Crusaders ; a Mohammedan holy war 
against the infidels.— Honors Of Wax. See honor.-^ 
Hundred years' war, the series of wars between Eng- 
war 
land and France, alx)ut 1338-14.53. Tlie English, generally 
victors in these wars down to alxmt 1430 (Cricy, Poitiers, 
Agincourt, etc.), and nilers of a great part of France, were 
finally expelled entuely, except from Calais, which they 
retained for about a century longer.— Inexpiable war. 
See tTKipiaWe — Italian war, the war of 1859 waged 
by France and Sardinia against Austria. It resulted in 
the defeat of the latter, its cession of Lombardy to Sar- 
dinia, and eventually in the constitution of the kingdom 
of Italy.— Jugurthlne war. See J^u^rtAtne.— King 
Oeoree'S war, in Amer. hist., the war waged by Great 
Britain and its American colonies against France and 
Indian allies, being the American phase of the War of the 
Austrian Succession (1741-8).— King Philip's war, in 
Amer. hist., the war between the New England colonists 
and the confederated Indians under the lead of Philip 
(1676-6).— King William's war, in Amer. hist., the war 
waged ny Great Britain and its colonies against France 
and Indian allies, l)eing the American phase of the contest 
between various European powers against Louis XIV. of 
France (1089-97).— Latin war, in Burn, hist., the war 
between Rome and the Latin League, 340-338 B. c, ending 
in tlie subjection of the latter.— Man of war. See man. 
— Alarsic war. See social war. — Mexican war, the 
war between the United States and Mexico, 1846 - 8, ending 
in the defeat of the latter, and its cession of California and 
other large territories to the I'nited States. — BUthridatic 
wars, the wars between Rome and Mitbridates the Great 
of I'ontus in the first half of the first century B. c. , terminat- 
ing in the overthrow of Mitbridates by Pompey about 66 R c. 
-Napoleonic wars, a general name for the wars waged 
by France with various nations, dating from Napoleon's 
campaigns in Italy in 1796 to his final overthrow in 1816. 
—Peasants' war. See jicasant.- Peloponnesian war. 
See Pr'!o;MmrK'«an.— Peninsular war. See penintvlar. 
— PeqUOt war, in Amer. hist., the war between the New 
England colonists and the Pequot Indians of Connecticut 
in 1637.— Persian wars, in Gr. hist., the wars between 
Persia and Greece in the first half of the fifth century 
B. c, of which the chief episodes were Marathon (490 B. c.) 
and the unsuccessful invasion of Greece by Xerxes (Ther- 
niopylee, Salamis, Platffia).— Private war. Seeprivate.— 
Punic wars. See Punie. — Queen Anne's war, in An^r. 
hist., the war waged by Great Britain and its colonies 
against France and Indian allies, being the American 
phase of tlie Wai- of the Spanish Succession (1701-13).— 
Eevolutionary war, in U. S. hist., same as War of the 
American iiecofaaon.— RussG-Turldsh Wars, wars be- 
tween Russia and Turkey. The principal in modern times 
were those (a) of 1828-9, ending in tlie defeat of Turkey; 
(6) of 1853-6 (see Crimean); {c) of 1877-8, Ijetween Russia 
and its allies (Rumania, etc.) and Turkey, resulting in the 
defeat of Turkey and the reconstruction of southeastern 
Europe.— Sacred wars, in Gr. hist., wars against certain 
Greek states which had been adjudged guilty of sacrilege 
by the Ampiiictyoiiic Council : as, the sacred war against 
Phocis (ending 340 B. c.).— Saltpeter war. See saltpeter. 
— Saninlte wars, three wars waged by Rome against the 
Samnites and other Italians, (a) 343-341 B. c, (*) 326-S04 
B. c, (c) 29S-290 B. c, ending in the triumph of Rome.— 
Schleswlg-Holsteln wars, wars between Denmark and 
the dueliies of Schleswig and Holstein (with alliesX They 
eoninienced in 1848 and ended in 1864, when Prussia and 
Austria defeated the Danes and occupied the duchies, 
which were eventually annexed by Prussia.— Secretary 
at War, Secretary of War. See secretary.— Seven 
weeks' war, or seven days' war, the Austro- Prussian 
war of 1866.- Seven years' war. See Silesian wars.— 
Silesian wars. See Silcsian.—SiaewB of war. See 
«ineic.— Sloop Of war. See stoopi.— Smalkaldlc war. 
See Smalkaldic.-Sociay war. See social. The name 
is also given to the war between Athens and her former 
allies about 358-356 B. c— Thirty years' war. See 
thirty. — To declare war. See decla re.— To make war. 
See ma*ci. — Trojan war. See Trojan.— Tug of war. 
See tug.—Wai measures, a general title for acts passed 
by the United States Congress and ordere made by the 
President during the civil war, 1861-6, which became 
necessary to its prosecution, though not expressly author- 
ized by the Constitution, as the Confiscation Acts, the Le- 
gal Tender Acts, the ordering of drafts for the military 
service, the emancipation of slaves, etc.— War of 1812, 
the war between Great Britain and the United States in 
1812-16.— War of Liberation, specifically, the war un- 
dertaken by Germany in 1813, with the aid of Russia, Great 
Britain, and other allies, to free Germany and other parts 
of Europe from the riiU- or influence of Napoleon and the 
French. —War of secession. See sectssion.— War of the 
American Kevolutlon. See rerolution.—Wai of the 
rebellion. Same as war of secession.— Vax powers, 
powers exercised during or because of war ; specifically, 
the powers exercised in time of war by the President of 
the United States as commander-in-chief of the army and 
navy of the United States and of the militia of the several 
States when called into actual service.— Wars Of succes- 
sion. See succession. —Wars of the French Revolution, 
the wars growing out of the French Revolution, waged by 
Austria, Prussia, etc., against iVance, and commencing in 
1792.— Wars of the Roses. Seerosfi.- Wartotheknife. 
See knife. 
warl (war), r. ; pret. and pp. warred, ppr. (f«»'- 
ring. [< ME. werren, weorren, werrien (= MD. 
MLG. werreti), war ; from the noun. Cf. war- 
ray.] I. intrans. 1. To make or carry on war; 
carry on hostilities ; fight. 
A nd the hcthen peple that werreden on the kynge Moync 
often sithes foughtcn withe the crystene. 
Merlin (E. E. T. S.), i. 24. 
Why ahonld I war without the walls of Troy? 
SAa*., T. andC, i. 1. 2. 
2. To contend ; strive violently ; be in a state 
of opposition. 
Lusts which !«ir against the soul. 1 Pet. ii. 11. 
Lot us alone. What pleasure can we have 
Toiror with evil? 
Tennyson, The Lotos Eaters, Choric Song. 
II. tran.t. 1. To make war upon; oppose, 
as in war; contend against. 
