warbler 
fig. 1, 1783), also called Sylvia profincialis, S, utidata, S. 
da)i/ordiensijt, S. ferruginea, etc., and type of the genus 
Melizophilns (which see, with cut), a warbler found from 
England and France to northern Africa and Palestine.— 
Daurian Warblert (Latham, IIHS), the Daui ian redstart, 
Huticilla (formerly Sylvia) aurorea. inhabitiiij; most of 
Asia ami some of the adjacent islands.— Desert-warbler, 
Sylvia nana, characteristic of arid wastes from Algeria to 
Persia aud other parts of Asia. — Dusky warblert. («) A 
bird so named by Latham in 1783, but never identified. It 
i3 supposed to be a species of Prinia or of Dn/mceca. (b) 
The yellow-rumped warbler. Pennant, 1785. Ahotimbrose 
warbler, (c) Tlie carbonated wai'bler. N^Utall, 1832.— 
Dwarf warblert (Latham. 1783X Acanthiza pusilla, a 
warbler-like bird of Australia. — Eqiiinoctial warblert 
(Latham, 17831 Tatare ffquinoctialis, of Christmas Island 
in the Pacific Ocean. This is closely related to the bird 
figured under Tatare. Fat Warblert. Same as graaset 
warbler. — Flaxen warblert, a bird so named by liiatham 
in 1783, apparently Prinia mystacea. — Fly-catctLing 
warblers, the American warblers of the subfamily Seto- 
phaginse, as the redstart, the species of 3/// (orfioc^es, Cardel- 
li^a, Basiletiterifs, etc., chiefly of tropical and subtropical 
regions. .See cuts under MyuKlioctes aud redstart— QbX- 
den warbler, the common European and African Sylvia 
horteiisis, the greater pettlchaps. See cut under jiettichaps. 
— Golden-cheeked warbler, Dendroeca chrgsoparia, a 
relative of the t>lack- throated green warbler, found from 
Texas to Guatemala. Sclafer and Salvia, 1860. — Golden- 
crowned warbler, the yellow-rumped warbler. Latham, 
1783; Pennant, 1785. Also golden-crowned flycatcher (tht; 
original name, bestowed Ity Edwards). — Golden SWamp- 
warbler, the prothonotary warbler. See cut under pro- 
thonotary. —Oolden warblers. See f/o^rfen. —Gold-wing, 
gold-winged, or golden- winged warbler, llelmintko- 
pkaga ckrysoptera. See cut under Helmiiithophaga.— 
Grace's warbler, Dendroeca gracise [named by S. F. 
Baird in 186j after Grace D. Coues], a wood-warbler re- 
sembling D. dominicat discovered in Arizona by Coues in 
1864. — Grasset warbler, the yellow-rumped warbler. 
Latham, 1783; Pennant, 1785.- Grass-waxbler. («) A 
cisticoline warbler, especially one of the genus Drymoeca 
In a broad sense. (6) Any member of the genus Lii^ci- 
niola, a small group of about 12 species, chiefly Asiatic, 
and especially Himalayan, with one species extending into 
the Mediterranean region, and another in South Africa. 
There are twelve tail-feathers, the tarsus is scutoUate, the 
wings are short with spurious first primary, and the pre- 
vailing colors are russet and olive-brown. The type is 
L. aedon (of Pallas). This genus has six other New Latin 
names.- Great-tailed warbler (Latham, 1783), one of 
the South African grass-warblers, formerly Sylvia ma- 
croura, now known as Prima (or Drymceca) maculosa.— 
Green black-capped warbler, Wilson's fly-catching 
warbler. iV^fifa^i.— Green warbler, (at) The Cingalese 
warbler. Brown, 1776. (b) The black-throated green 
wflrbler. Laihain, 1783; Pennant, 1785.— Ground-war- 
blers, the American warblers of the genera Geothlypis 
and related forms, as the Maryland yellowthroat. See cut 
under Geothlypis. — Guira Warblert (Latham), a South 
American tanager, Nemosia guira. — Hedge -warbler, 
the hedge-sparrow (of Albin, 1*738), Accentor modiUaris. 
See cut under Accentor. Latham, 1783.—HenilOCk- war- 
bler, the young Blackburnian warbler, Sylvia parus of 
Wilson, Nuttall, and Audubon.— Hooded Warbler, the 
hooded fly-catching warbler, Myiodioctes initratus, of 
the eastern parts of the United States. The adult male 
is of an olivaceous color above, rich-yellow below, the 
head mostly black with a mask of rich yellow. Also 
called mitered warbler, Selby's sglvan flycatcher, and 
hooded titmouse.— Icteriae Warbler, a tree-warbler, 
Hypolais icfe^-tna.— Jamaica warbler, Dendroeca do- 
ininica, the yellow-throated warbler. Latham, 1783. 
— Kentucky warbler, Oporornis /ormosa, a ground- 
warbler so named by Wilson in 1811. It is entirely rich- 
yellow underneath, olivaceous above, with a black bar on 
each side of the head, and a yellow mark about the eye. 
It is common in eastern parts of the United States. More 
fully called by Audubon Kentucky fly -catching warbler. — 
Kirtland'S warbler, Dendroeca kirtlandi, a rare wood- 
warbler named in 18'i2 by S. F. Baird after Dr. Jared P. 
Kirtland of Ohio, where the bird was discovered, at Cleve- 
land, May, 1851.— Lawrence's warbler [named after 
George N. Lawrence of New York], Ilelminthophaga law- 
rencei. Herrick, 1874.— Long-legged warblert (Latham, 
1783), the remarkable New Zealand Xem'cu^ longipes. See 
A'ent>w«.— Long-tailed warbler (Latham, 1783), the 
tailor-warbler or tailor-bird. See Siitoria. — Louisiana 
warbler, the blue yellow-backed warbler. Latham, 1783 ; 
Pennant, 1783. — Lucy's warbler [named after the daugh- 
ter of S.F. Baird]. £fe;mm(/(opAa(7a/wc^«, of Arizona. J. G. 
Cooper, 1862. It is clear-ashy, white below, with chest- 
nut crown-patch and upper tail-coverts.— Macgillivray's 
warbler, Geothlypis macgillivrayi, the western represen- 
tative of the mourning warbler, more fully called Macgil- 
livray's ground-warbler : originally described by Audubon 
in 1839, and dedicated to William Macgillivray, a Scotch 
ornithologist, who wrote most of the technical parts of Au- 
dubon's "Ornithological Biographv" and "Birds of Amer- 
ica. "— Magellanic warblert (Latham, 1783), a South 
Ameiicaii rock-wren, Scytalopus magellanicus, of the fam- 
ily Pteropt(H'hidfe. See cut under Scytalopus. — Magnolia 
warbler, thfi tilack-and-yellow warbler, described as Syl- 
via magnolia by A. Wilson in 1811. — Marmora's war- 
bler, Sylvia sarda or MelizophihtJt sardus, of the Mediter- 
ranean region. — Marsh-warbler, one of the reed- war- 
blers, Acrocephalus jjdlasfri.'^, of parts of Europe, Asia, 
and Africa.— Maryland warbler, the Maryland yellow- 
throat. See cut under (r('f*^/tZ?/;;w.— Maurice warblert 
(Latham, 178:i), the white-eye or silvereye of Mauritius. 
Zosterops Hirt»ri(ic(jia.— Mltered warbler, the hooded 
warbler. Also called mifered sylran flifcttchfr.—'M.OOT 
warblert, Pratincola (formerly Sybna) mavra, a whin- 
chat widely distributed in Asia.— Mourning warbler, 
Geothlypis philadelpfda, so named by A. Wilson in 1810 
from the black veiled with gray on the breast, as if the 
bird were wearing crape. It i^ a common ground-war- 
bler of many parts of North America.— Nashville war- 
bler, Hclminthophaga ruficapilla, a common swamp- 
warbler or worm-eating warbler of most parts of North 
America, discovered by A. Wil.son in 1811, and named af- 
ter a city in Tennessee.- New York warbler, the New 
York water-thrush, Snurus noveboracensis. See cut an- 
0820 
der Seiurus. Latham, 1783; Pennant, 1785.— Olive 
warbler, (a) A monotypic American warbler named 
Sylvia olivac^a by J. P. Giraud in 1841 ; Peucedramus 
olivaceus of Coues, inhabiting Texas, New Mexico, Ari- 
zona, and southward, chiefly of an olivaceous color with 
orange-brown or deep saff'ron-yellow head and neck, and 
a black transocular bar. It is 4| inches long. Also olive- 
backed and orange-breasted warbler, {b) The female of the 
black -throated blue warbler. P. H. Gosse. [Jamaica.] 
(ct) The summer yellow-bird, Dendroeca ^estiva, in some 
oljscure plumage. Pennant, 1785; Stephens, 1817.— 
Orange-breasted warbler. Same as olive warbler (a). 
— Orange -crowned warbler, Helminthophaga celata, 
named by Thomas Say (1823). It inhabits all of North 
America, and several varieties are ilescribed. The crown 
has a concealed patch of orange.— Orange-thighed 
warbler, the Maryland yellowthroat, which in some 
autumnal and other plumages has the flanks tinged with 
orange-ltrown. The adult n)ale is figured under Geothly- 
pis. PcHna»(, 1785.— Orange-throated warbler, (a) 
The prothonotai'y warbler. See cut under prothonotary. 
Latham, 1783. (6) The Blackburnian warbler. — Orphean 
warbler, Sylvia orpheus, which, including its variety 
.S'. jerdoni, inhabits most of Europe and much of Asia 
and Africa.— Palestine warbler, Sylvia melanothorax, 
of Palestine and Cypnis.- Party-colored warbler, (a) 
The blue yellow-backed warbler. (0) The prairie-war- 
Ider. Stephens, 1817.— Pensile Waxbler, Dendroeca 
dominica, formerly Sylvia pensilis. Latham, 1783.— 
Pine-creeping warbler, Dendroeca pinus or vigorei, 
one of the conmionest wood-warblers of the United 
States, of an olivaceous color above and yellowish l>elow. 
— Pine-swamp warbler, the black-throated blue war- 
bler,- Pine-warbler, one of two different American war- 
blers : (at) The pine-creeper of Edwards, and not of Cates- 
by ; the blue-winged yellow warbler, Helminthophaga pi- 
nas. Latham, 17S'd ; Pennant,17ii5. (b) The pine-creeper of 
Catesby, 1771 ; the pine-creeping warbler, Dendroeca pimis 
or vigorsi. See cut under ;>iVi€-M'ar&ier.— Prothonotary 
warbler. See 2>r(j(/tt>?iofa?T/.— Provincial warbler, the 
Dartford warbler.— Quebec Warbler, the chestnut-sided 
warbler. Pennant, 1785.— Rathbone's warbler, the 
summer yellow-bird, Dendroeca estiva, in some immature 
plumage. .<4Mdif&on..— Red-backed warbler,the prairie- 
warbler. /*. //. Gosse. [Jamaica.]— Red-faced or red- 
fronted warbler, CardelUna rvbrifrons, a fly-catching 
warbler of the southern border of the I'nited States and 
southward. See CarrfeWf ho.- Redstart warblert, the 
European redstart, Ruticilla (formerly Sylvia) phcenicura. 
See cut under rerf«(«rt.— Red-thTOated warblert, the 
chestnut-sided warbler. Latham, 1783.— Rocky Moun- 
tain warbler, Virginia's warijier.— Roscoe's Warbler, 
the Maryland yellowthroat, in some variant plumage. Au- 
dubon, 1832.— Ruddy warblert, the rock-warbler. La- 
tham, 1801.— Rufous-vented warblert (Latham, i8oi), 
an Australian thick-headed shrike, Pachycephala rufiven- 
tiis, earlier called by Latham rufous-vented honey-^ater, 
and later by Lewin orange-breasted thrush. ^RVdOMS 
warbler, Sylvia (or Aedon) galactodes, of southern Eu- 
rope an<l northern Africa. — Riippell's "WaxXiler, Sylvia 
rueppelli, of southern Europe, Asia Minor, Palestine, 
and some parts of Africa. — Rush-warblert (Latham, 
1783), an unidentified sparrow of the United States, sup- 
posed to be the fleld-sparrow, Spizella ^iMiV^a.— RuBty- 
Sided warblert (Latham, 1801), the cerulean creeper of 
the same author and date, Zosterops cenilescens, a white- 
eye of Australia, New Zealand, and the Chatham Islands. — 
St. Domingo warbler, Dendroeca dominica, the yellow- 
throated warbler. Turton, 1806.— Sardinian warbler, 
Sylvia tnelanocephala, of the MediterraTiean region.— 
Sennett's warbler [named after George B. Sennett 
of New York], one of the creeping warblers, Parula ni- 
grilora, of Texas and southward. Coues, 1877.— Siberian 
warbler (Latham, 1783), the Asiatic Accentor inontanellus, 
occasional in Europe, related to the common hedge-accen- 
tor.— Spectacled warbler, Sylvia consindllata, of the 
Mediterranean region, extending from Palestine to the 
Canaries.— Spotted warbler. («) The Cape May war- 
bler, (b) The black-and-yellow warbler, Dendroeca jna- 
culosa. See spotted (with cut).— Spotted yellow war- 
bler, (a) The Ciipe May warbler. Latham, 1783; Pen- 
nant, 178.5. These two accounts are the bases of MotaciZla 
tigrina (Gmelin, 1788). (b) Dendroeca maculosa. See cut 
under spotted.— Streslked warbler (Latham, 1801), an 
Australian warbler-like bird, formerly Sylvia sagxttata, 
now known as Chthonicola sagittata. — Subalpine war- 
bler, Sylvia subalpina, of southern Europe, northern 
Africa, and western Asia.- Summer Warbler, the sum- 
mer yellow-bird of North America ; one of the golden 
warblei-s, Dendroeca ^estiva, among the most abundant and 
Yetlow Warbler, or Summer '^ ellow-bird {Dendrorfa astiva), male. 
familiar warblers of the United States. The adult male is 
golden-yellow more or less obscured with olivaceous on 
the back, and lias the whole under part streaked with 
brownish-red. Also called, in various plumages, yellow-poll 
warbler, olive ivarbler, citron warbler, yellow warbler, Chil- 
dren'x warbler, Rathbone's warbler, etc.— Superb War- 
war-cry 
blert, either one of two different malurine birds of Aus- 
tralia, Malurus cyaneus and M. lambeHi, fomierly placed 
inthegenus.S'y^yia. Latham; Shaw. Also called Wu^iwen. 
— Swainson'S warbler [named after William Swarnson, 
an English quinarian naturalist], llelinaia (or Jleloneea) 
swainsoni, described by Audubon in 1834, and long con- 
sidered one of the rarest of the American warblers, but 
lately found abundant in South Carolina.- Sybil war- 
blert, Pratincola (forujerly Sylvia) sybilla, peculiar to 
Madagascar.— Sylvan warblers, tlie American fly-catch- 
ing warblers of the genus MyiodiiK-tfs: so called as per- 
taining to Nuttall's genus Sylvania (1840). See cut under 
Myiodioctes.— ^eJm.GSSee warbler, Helminthophaga pe- 
regrina, a common swamp-warlder of chiefly east<;rn 
paits of North America: named after the State where 
found by A. Wilson in 1811.— Tolmie'B warbler, Macgil- 
livray's warbler. J. K. Toumsend, 1839.— Townsend'8 
warbler, Dendroeca toumsendi, the western representa- 
tive of the black- throated green warbler, discovered by 
Townsend and Nuttall on the Columbia river in 1835, and 
named after the former by Audubon. It ranges from 
Alaska to Guatemala, and has been taken near Phila- 
delphia.— Tristram's warbler [named after Canon H. 
B. Tristram of England], Sylria deserticola,oi the Algerian 
Sahara.— Umbrose warblert. Samea8d««^W'arWer(&). 
Latham, 1783.— Undated warblert, a bird so named by 
Latham in 1783, apparently a species of Cisticota.—Vi' 
gors's warbler [named after N. A. Vigors, an English 
quinarian naturalist], the pine-creeping warl)ler as mis- 
taken for another species. Audubon, 1832. Also called 
Vigors's rireo (Nuttall, 1832).— Virginia's Warbler, Hel- 
minthophaga mrginise: so named by Baird in 1S60 after 
the wife of Dr. W. W. Anderson ; the Rocky Mountain 
warbler. — Western warbler, the heimit-warbler, dis- 
covered by J. K, Tow nsend at Fort Vancouver, May 28th, 
1835, and by Thomas Nuttall at alx)ut the same time.— 
White-eyed warblert (Latham, 1783), the white-eye of 
-Nladagascar, Zosterops madagascariensis. — Wbite-poU 
warbler, the black-and-white warbler. La/Aam, 17»3 ; Pen- 
nant, 1785.— Wbite-throated blue warbler, the cei-u- 
lean warbler. — Wllite- throated warbler, Hchiiinthoph' 
aga leucobronchialis. W. Brewster, 1874. — Wilson's fly- 
catChing warbler [named after Alexander Wihon (1766- 
1813X the American ornithologist], Myiodioctes pumllu*, 
inhabiting all parts of North America: more fully called 
WUson's green black-capped fly-catching warbler, and for- 
merly Sylvia wilsonii (Bonaparte, 1824). It is olivaceous 
and yellow, having in the adult male a square patch of 
glossy black on the crown. See cut under Myiodioctes.— 
Worm-eating warbler. See woi-m-eating.- Yellow- 
backed warbler, the blue yellow-backed warbler. La- 
tham, 178-1— Yellow-breast or yellow-breasted war- 
bler, the MaiTland yellowthroat, Geothlypis trichas. See 
cut under Geothlypis. Latham, 1783; Pennant, 1785.— 
Yellow-browed warbler (Latham, 1783), Phylloscopus 
superciliosus (fomierly Sylvia superdliosa), a common 
warbler throughout the greater part of Asia, and a strag- 
gler in Europe. Called in full the yellow-brmced barred 
willow-warbler. See cut under Phylloscopus. — YellOW- 
crowned warbler, the chestnut-sided warbler, one of 
whose early names was Sylvia icterocephala. Stephens, 
1817.— Yellow-fronted warbler, the blue golden- 
winged warbler. Latham, 1783; Pennant, 1785. See 
cut under Helminthophaga.— YellOW-poU Warbler, 
thesummeryellow-bird, Dcndrceca testiva. Latham, 1783 ; 
Pennant, 1785.— Yellow red-polled warbler. Same as 
p«;w-icarWcr.— Yellow-rumped warbler, (a) Dendroe- 
ca coronata, the myrtle-bird (which see) or yellowrnmp, 
which abounds in most parts of North America, and has a 
host of names. It may be re;cognized by the distinct yellow 
marks in four places — on tlie crown, rump, and each side 
of the breast — the plumage being otherwise chiefly black, 
white, and bluish-gray when adult, but dingy in the young 
birds. Also golden-crowned, belted, dusky, umhrose, gras- 
set, etc., warbler, Virginia titmouse, etc. (6) The black- 
and-yellow warbler, Dendroeca maculosa, which has yel- 
low upper tail-coverts like the preceding, but is other- 
wise quite different. Latham, 1783. Also called yellow- 
rumped flycatcher. See cut under spotted. — YellOWtail- 
Warbler, the female or young male of the American red- 
start, Setophaga ruticilla. See second cut under redstart. 
Pennant, 1785.— YellOW-throated waxbler, Dendroeca 
dominica, an abundant and beautiful wood-warbler of 
rather southerly regions of the United States and some of 
the West India islands and Central America. The throat 
is rich-yellow. Also yellow-throated gray warbler.— Yel^ 
low warbler, (a) The summer yellow-bird, Dendroeca 
xstiva. See cut under summer warbler, (b) The willow- 
warbler, Phylloscopus trochUus. (See also grasshopper- 
warbler, hertnit-icarbler, palm-warbler, prairie-warbler, 
reed-warUer, rock-warbler, sedge-icarbler, swamp-icarhler, 
tailor -warbler, tree-warbler, willow-tcarbler, wood-war- 
Uer.) 
warblet (war'blet), H. Same as warble^y 3. 
warblingly (warb'ling-li), adv. In a warbling 
manner; with warbling. 
war-cart (war'kart), h. a military engine of the 
fifteenth century, described as a wagon upon 
War-ca.rts, close of 15th or beginning of 16th century. sFrom Viollet- 
le-I>iic's " Diet, du Mobilier fran^ais.") 
which two or more of the light cannon of the 
time were mounted. 
warcliet, i'- A Middle English form of tcork, 
warchondt, a. See icerlamh 
warcraft (war'kraft), h. The science or art of 
war. 
He had oflScers who did keu the war-cra/t^ 
/*uWer, Worthies, Lancashire, i. 558. {Davies.) 
war-cry (war'kii), ». A cry or phrase nsed in 
war for mutual recognition or encouragement ; 
a sliort pithy expression used in common by a 
body of troops in cliargiugan enemy: as,"Saiut 
