white 
or pale brownish- white color. See cuts under 6ear2 and 
HarUigrada. (6) An unusually lipht-colored specimen of 
Crsus horribiiCit, the grizzly hear of the Rocky Mountains: 
so named by Lewis andcliirke (1814). ( 'oinpare tirst cut un- 
der 6e«r-'.— Wlxite bedstraw, beefwood, beet, beheu. 
See the nouns.— Wblte beech, the common American 
beech. Faf/iis/erritfp'n^'a. — White Bengal fire. Seejire. 
— Whitebent. Heer^'/fo^.- white bezant Heebemju. 
—White birch, the common birch of Europe, Betula alba, 
in the variety popxdifulia (sometimes called gray birch or 
uldfiel'i &trcA)also common in eastern North America; also, 
sometimes, the canoe-bireh, li. jxipyri/era. See birch and 
canoe-birch.— White bitter-WOOd. See bitter-wood.— 
White-blood disease. same as leucemia.— White 
brant, bream, bronze, bully-tree. See the nouns.— 
White bryony, the common liryony, Bryonia dioica, or 
sometimes B. aiha. — White butterflies, the pieridine 
butterflies collectively.— White buttonWOOd. See but- 
tonwoodj 1.— White cabbage-butterfly, any one of sev- 
eral white huttertlies of the genus I'teris, whose larvse 
feed on the cabbage, as P. rapie of Europe and North 
America, P. oleracea of the United States and Canada, P. 
monugte of the soutliern I'nited States, and P. napi of 
Europe. See cabba-ie-biftterjly, Pieris, and rape -butter fly. 
—White cabbage-tree, a small stout composite tree, 
Senecu) Pladaroxylon (Ptadarnxylon Leucadendron) of St. 
Helena.— White camplon. see campiun.— White can- 
dlewOOd. Same as janca-trfe. — White Canon. Same 
as Prem4)mtrant. —White Cape hyacinth. See Hya- 
cinthits. — White caterpillar, the larva of the magpie- 
moth.— White cedar, a name applied to numerous chiefly 
coniferous trees, for whicli see Chainsecypari», ginyer pine 
(under yt'fig IX l^iboredruif, Thuya, Melia, PeiUacerax, Proti- 
um.— white Chalk, the name sometimes given by Eng- 
lish geologists to a division of the Cretaceous series, to 
distinguish it from the Gray Chalk and the Chalk Marl. 
ITie latter Is the lowest division of the whole Chalk 
series; above this is the Gray Chalk, and higher still the 
"Lower White Chalk without flints" (the TuronianX fol- 
lowed by the "Cpper White Chalk with flints" (the Se- 
nonian).— White chamseleon. charlock, cinnamon, 
clergy, clover. See the nouns. -White club-flower. 
See Leucocoryne. — White COal, a name sometimes given 
to tasmanite.— White COat. See u/iite-c»at.~ White 
cochin, cohosh, see the nouns.— White colon, a Brit- 
ish noctuid moth, Mainestra albicolon.— White COOp- 
er. See cfjoper.— White COPper, one of the many names 
of German silver: a literal traiislati*)n of the Gennan 
Weisskup/er. [Little used.)— White copperas, zinc vit- 
riol, or goslarite.- White corpuscles or the blood, leu- 
cocytes; colorless prot<»pIaBmic nucleated cells, having 
amteboid movements: one of the nonnal constituents of 
the blood. See cut under blood. — White Crag, in Eny. 
geol., a division of the Pliocene. See cray^, 2.^Whlte 
crane, (a) of America, the whooping crane, Grxitt ameri- 
eana. (6) f*' India, Grwi leucoyeranwt. See cranel and 
G(rt«r. — White cricket, the snowy cricket. See cut under 
tree-crieJcet. — White crop. See crop. —White crottles. 
f^ee erottleg^.— White crow, an albino crow. The crow be- 
ing naturally lustrous black, and "black as a crow" being 
proverbial, " a white crow ' Is s<jmetimes said of any great 
rarity, or of an apparent impossibility or contradiction in 
terms which is nevertheless a fact. See the quotation under 
black fwarijUndergwan^. - White currant. Seecwrran/'-, 
2.— White cypress. See raj:/x/(uwi. — white daisy, the 
oievf daisy, or white weed.— wwte dammar-resin. 
white dammar-tree. See damumr-reHn and Valeria. 
— White damp, In coal-mining, carbonic oxid: not an 
inflammable hut a very pdsonous gas, S4)metimes(although 
rarely) met with In coal-mines, probably always, or nearly 
always, in the after-damp. White dead-nettle. See 
deorf-nfrt/^.- White deal, see yorway gjiruce, under 
tpruce^.— White decoctlOn,a mixture of burnt hartshorn 
in mucilage and water.- White diarrhea, diarrhea in 
which there is a large amount of thin mucus in the stools. 
-White dock. See doc*i, 1.— White dogwood. See 
Pucidia and Viburnum.— White doyoun^. Same as vir- 
goletue.— White dysentery, dysenteiT-, occurring sonic- 
times a« an epidemic, in which there is no admixture of 
blood in the st^wU.- Wlllte elder. See elder^.— White 
elephant, (a) The elepliant as affected with albinism 
to a degree or extent which makes it more or less of a 
dingy-whitish color, or at least iiota)>ly nale. Such indi- 
viduals are rare, but have been recordea from remote an- 
tiquity. They are highly esteemed, and in some places 
even venerate<l, especially in Siam, thence called "the 
country of the white elephant"; the animal als<j marks 
the Siamese flag. (6) See W'-fj/iaH^ -Whiteelm, Seec/m. 
— White ermine, (a) The ermine, Puioriug enninea ; 
the stoat in winter. See cut under erwrm". (6) In entmn., 
a British arctiid moth, SpUtjuf/ma menthantri, expanding 
1^ inches, having the wings white or whitish and sp<jtted 
with black, and the body yellow with black spots. The 
larva Is a hairy black cateipillar which feeds on various 
plant*.- White eye. See white -eye.— White feather, 
film, finch, fish-glue, flag, fly. See the nouns.— 
White flux. See jinx, 7 -White friar, see friar.— 
White frost. See /ri»st. — White gangrene, a rare form 
of gangr&ne in which the tissues become dry and narch- 
ment-lTke and turn a dirty-white color instead of black. 
-White garnet. See ^far/wn— White glasswort. 
See.Su^rffl— White goby, a small gobioid flshof Europe, 
Latruncidnx p^Unrid^is, of a pale translucent color.- 
Wllite gourd, white gourd-melon. Same VAbenincam. 
— White grouse, a gronae which turns white in winter, or 
agrouse in that conditio?! ; aptarmigan. See Lff^o;«w, and 
cot under pran/it'/rt/i.- White gTUnt. Same as capeuna. 
—White gull, the kittiwake gull. See Ariy/i'tcaA-^ (with cut). 
—White guara. see .ryimm. — White gum, a name ap- 
?li«id to some ilozen npecies of Kucalyptvji in Australia and 
asmania, as fC. ntdlnlnta, K. paucijlora, K. amyydnlinn, 
etc.j referring somet imes or always to the color of the bark. 
-White gunpowder, hauberk, heat, hellebore, her- 
on, herring, see the nouns.— White-heart cherry. 
See hiyaroon. White-heart or white-heai ted hick- 
ory. Same as inorkrr/iut - White heath. S.-e hri^T-root. 
— white hoarhound. see/i'.«r/Km/id— White honey- 
suckle. See ho,wyxuckl>', L - White hOOp-Wlthe. Sec 
Toume/(/rtia. - White horse. (a) See whiie-ho^rse. (b) A 
white-topped wave. 
The hay Is now curling and writhing in white horxes un 
der a smoking south wester. Kingdey, Life, viii. 
434 
6909 
White House, the name popularly given to the oftlcial 
residence of the President of the United States, at Wash- 
ington, from its color. Its official designation is Executive 
Mansion.— WhlX^ Huns. See i/w?ii.— White ipecacu- 
anha. See ipecacuanha.— White iron, pig-iron in which 
the carbon is almost entirely in chemical combination with 
the iron : such iron is very hard, of light color, and breaks 
with a coarse granular or crystalline structure. White iron 
containing a lai^e amount of manganese is called spie- 
geleisen. The white irons generally contain a high per- 
centage of carbon. The French name for tin-plate (/er- 
blanc)is sometimes (incorrectly) translated 'white iron.'— 
White ironbark-tree. See ironbarktree.— White iron 
pjnrites. Same as marcasite, 2. — White ironwood. See 
ironwood.— White Jasmine. See Jasminum. —White 
1aiUldice,a name formerly applied to chlorosis.— White 
Kidney, a kidney which has undergone lardaceous or 
waxy degeneration. — White Jura, in geol., according to 
the nomenclature of the German geologists, the uppermost 
division of the Jurassic : called sometimes the Malm. It 
takes the name of white from the lighter color of the rocks 
of which it is made up, as contrasted with the darker 
tints of the underlying rocks. See Malm, 2.— White lark, 
lead, leather. See the nouns.— white laurel. See 
Magnolia. — White League, a name sometimes given to 
the Kuklux Klan, but especially to a nearly contempo- 
rary military organization formed in Louisiana to secure 
the political ascendancy of the whites. — White leprosy, 
elephantiasis Grajcorum. The name was applied at one 
time to various affections in which there were white 
patches on the skin, such as leucodenna and some forms 
of psoriasis. —White lettuce, see lettuce.— White LiaS, 
in Eng. geol., the uppermost division of the Rhtetic Lias 
or Infra-Lias, as that formation is developed in south- 
western England.— White lie, light, lignum-vitse, 
lime, line, lupine, magic, mahogany, manganese, 
mangrove, etc. See the nouns.— White mace, tne mace 
obtained from the Santa K^ nutmeg, Myristica Otoba.— 
White man's footprint, a name given by the American 
Indians to the common plantain, Plantago major, sup- 
posed to appear wherever white men settle.— White 
man's weed. See whiteu^ed.— White maple. See silver 
maple, under ?naj>iel.— White meat, (a) Food made of 
milk, butter, cheese, ^gs, and the like. 
How cleanly he wipes his spoon at every spoonful of any 
whitemeat he eats I 
B. Jonxon, Every Man out of his Humour, iv. 1. 
Look you, sir, the northern man loves white-meat^, the 
southern man sallads. 
Dekker and Webfter, Northward Ho, 1. 3. 
(6) Certain delicate flesh used for food, as poultry, rabbits, 
veal, and pork. 
Fish was enormously consumed, and so, too, were ophite 
meat and dairy produce. 
//. Hall, Society in ILlizabethan Age, vi. 
(c) %ame as light meat. See i/ica^l. —White melilot. See 
Melilottis.- White metal, mignonette, money, see 
the nouns.- White Moor8,the Genoese. See the quota- 
tion. 
It is proverbially said there are in Genoa Mountaines 
without wood, Sea without fish, Women without shame, 
and 5Ien without conscience, which makes them to be 
tenued the White Moores. 
Howell, Forreine Travell (ed. Arber), p. 41. 
White mouse, (a) One of a fancy breed of the common 
house-mouse, an albino of Mug muscuhis. The albinism 
originates by chance, like that of many other animals, but 
may be perfected and perpetuated by methodical selection. 
When it is perfect, the mice are snow-white, with pink 
eyes, nose, ears, paws, and tail. (6) The lemming of Hud- 
son's Bay, Ctiniculus torquatus ; the anow-mouse, which 
turns pure-white in winter.- White mulberry, mullen, 
mustard. See the nouns.— White nettle, the white 
dead-nettle, Lamium album.— White nickel^ nickel di- 
arsenide, the mineral rannnelsbergite. — White nlght- 
hawk. Same as mutton-bird . — White noddy, the white 
tern. See cut under Gygi^.-Whlte nosegay-tree. See 
luinegay-tree.— White note. See def. Ill and note^.— 
White nun. the smew, Mergellus albellus. See cut under 
mnew.— White osCk.. See oo"A:(with cut).— White oakum. 
See (xikuyn, 2. —White olivo. See Halleria. —White OWL 
See snow-owl. —White pearWOOd, a South African tree, 
Pterocelastruit rostratun, of the Celaxtracae. It has a height 
of about 20 feet, and yields a heavy, strong, and <lurable 
wood, much used for wagon-work.— White pepper. See 
pepper.— White perch, a very common food-fish of east- 
ern North America, Morone americana, of the family La- 
bracidfe. It is thus not a true perch, or member of the /*cr- 
Whilc Perch {.\f, 
cidteiiitr an example of which see first cut under perch^), 
but is most nearly related to the brass-ljass or yellow-bass, 
Morone intemipta, and next to the striped-bass, Roccux 
lineatux, and white-bass, R. chrytiopit. It scarcely attains 
the length of a foot, and is usually smaller than this; 
the color is olivaceous, silvery-white on the sides, with 
faint light streaks, but without any of the dark stripes 
which mark its near relatives. It abounds coastwise fnmi 
Cape Cod to Horida. ascending all streams, and makes an 
excellent pan-flsh. - White pine. See }nne. — White- 
pine weevil, see Pixxodex (with cut)and weetnl.-Whlte 
pitch. See Burgundy pitch, under piVcA'-V - White point, 
a British noctuid moth, Leucania albijnuicta.- wllite 
pond-lily, poplar, poppy, potato, precipitate. See 
the nouns.— White post. See ;»o«(l, 5.— White pOt- 
white 
herb. See Valerianella.— White prominent, a British 
prominent moth, Notodonta tricolor, with white wings, the 
fore wings spotted with black.— Wllite quebrachO. See 
gwe6rac/w.— White-rag worm, the lurg.— White rent. 
(a) In Devon and Cornwall, a rent or duty of eight pence, 
payable yearly by every tinner to the Duke of Cornwall, as 
lord of the soil. Imp. Diet. (6) See r«n«ii, 2(c).— White rhi- 
noceros, the African kobaoba. Rhinoceros simns. — White 
ribbon, a ribbon worn to signify that the wearer is a mem- 
ber of some organization for the promotion of moral purity. 
—White robin-snipe, rocket, rodwood, rope, rose, 
rot, rubber, Russian, sage, salmon, salt, sandalwood, 
sanicle, sapphire. See the nouns.— White sapota, a 
small Mexican tree, Casimiroa edxdix, of the liutaceie. It 
bears a nearly globose pulpy edible fruit, for which it 
is cultivated. ^White satln, Liparis or StUpnotia salicis, 
a British moth with satiny-white wings expanding two 
inches.— White scale, (a) Aspidiotux nerii, a small white 
bark-louse or scale-insect found commonly on citrus-trees 
and -fruits and upon the oleander, magnolia, ivy, and many 
other plants. (6) The cushion-scale, or fluted scale, /c^r.yre 
purchasi. See cushion-scale, (c) The rose-scale, Diaspix 
rosse, a very white cosmopolitan species occurring on the 
twigs and leaves of the rose.— White schorl, sea-bass, 
seam. See the nouns.— White Sennaar gum. Seeginn 
arable, under ^»m2.— White shark, skin, snail, snake- 
root. See the nouns.- White softening of the brain. 
See softening.— White spruce, squall, Stopper, stork, 
stringy-bark, stuff, sultan. Sec the nouns.— White 
sumac. Same -Assinooth s(/(/?ff<; (which see, under 8?f»iac). 
—White swallowwort, sweetwood, swelling, syca- 
more, taUow, tansy, teak, tea-tree, thorn. See the 
nouns.- White tern, any tern of the genus Gygis. when 
adult of pure-white plumage with black bill.— White 
tincture. Same as lesser elixir (which see, luuier elixir, 
1).— White-topped aster, see Sericocarjyus.- White 
trash, vervain, vine, vitriol, wagtail, walnut, wash, 
water, water-lily, wavey, wax, whale, wheat, wid- 
geon, willow, wine, witch, wolf, etc. See the nouns. 
—White trout. See Micropterus.— White WOOUy cur- 
rant-scale, Pulviitaria ribix, a large bark-louse with a 
white egg-sac, which occurs on currant-bushes in Europe. 
lEng.]— White wren, yam, etc. See the nouns. =Syn. 
2. White, Fair, Blond, Clear. As to complexion, white ex- 
presses that which has too little color for naturalness or 
health ; that is fair which agreeably approaches white ; 
that is clear which is free from blotch ; there is a clear 
brown or olive as well as a clear blond. Blond is fair in 
distinctive application to the color of the human skin — 
properly to that of females. 
n. H. [< ME. hwiie, the white, whiteness, fair- 
ness; cf. OHG. wi::l, leel. hviti.^ 1. A highly lu- 
minous color, devoid of chroma, and tlierefore 
indeterminate in hue. But a white intensely illumi- 
nated has a yellow effect, and very deeply shaded takes on 
the bluish look of gray. A dei-angement of the propor- 
tions of liglit in pure white to the extent of 3 per cent, of 
the red, (5 per cent, of the green, or .5 per cent, of the blue, 
is readily perceived by direct comparison ; but quite con- 
siderable admixtures of chronm are compatible with the 
color's retaining the name of white. 
My Nan shall be the queen of all the fairies, 
Finely attired in a robe of white. 
Shak., M. W. of \V., iv. 4. 72. 
2. A pigment of this color, — 3. Something, or 
a part of something, having the color of snow. 
Speciflcally — (a) The central part in the butt in archery, 
which was formerly painted white ; the center or mark at 
which an arrow or other missile is aimed ; hence, the thing 
or point aimed at. 
Vertue is the white we shoote at, not vanitie. 
Lyly, Euphues and his England, p. 245. 
'Xwas I won the wager, though you hit the tvhite. 
Shak., T. of the S., v. 2. 180. 
Thus (ieneva Lake swallowed up the Episcopal Sea, 
and Church-Lands were made secular, which was the 
White they levell'd at. Howell, Letters, iii. ;i. 
(b) The albumen of an egg. or that pellucid viscous fluid 
wiiich sun'ounds the yolk; also, sometimes, the corre- 
sponding part of a seed, or the farinaceous matter sur- 
rounding the embryo, (c) That part of the ball of the eye 
which suiTouiuls the iris or colored part. 
And he, poor heart, no sooner heard my news, 
But turns me up his whites, and falls flat down. 
Grim, the Collier, iii. (Davies.) 
Ay, and I turned up the nhitex of my eyen till the strings 
awmost cracked again. Macklin, Man of the World, iii. 1. 
(rf) pi. In printing, blank spaces, (e) pi. A white fabric 
otlierwise called long cloth. 
The Indians doe bring flue whites, which the Tartars 
do all roll about their heads, iV al other kinds of whites, 
which seme for apparell. Hakluyt's Voyages, I. 3;i2. 
Salisbuiy has . . . Long Cloths for the Turkey trade, 
called Salisbury Whites. 
Defoe, Tour thro' Great Britain, I. .'1*24. (Davies.) 
(/t) White clothing or drapeiy. 
You clothe Christ with your blacks on earth, he will 
clothe you with his gIori<ms whites in heaven. 
Rev. T. Adams, Works, 11. 174. 
(g) A member of the white racet»f mankind : as, the "poor 
whites" of the southern United States. 
4. pf. In }uc<(.. leucon-hea — Body white, sec 
(lake -whitr.— China, white, a very pure variety of white 
lead, usually in small drops. Also nlver-v:hite. — Chinese 
white. Same as ztm: »7((7*'.— Clichy White, ;» kind of 
white lead made atClichy, in France.— Constant White, 
an artificially prepared sulphate of barium. See blancjixe, 
under blanc.— Cvevci'Ultz white. See Kremnitz white. -^ 
Dutch white, an adulterated white lead : a book-name.— 
Faenza white, a name given to the thie white enamel of 
some varieties of majolica. It is thought, however, that 
the discovery is due to the factory t*i Fenara.— Flake 
White. See }f«*f-jr/(f7e. — Forest whitest, same as/jcn- 
islone.— Yxench white, a variety of white lea(i : same as 
China white. Also called hlanc d'argent.— In black and 
White. See WrtcAr.— Indophenol white, same as lenco- 
