woodcut 
fiber and smooth face, half-sized or wholly unsized, readily 
receptive of ink or impression. Sometimes called plate- 
paper. 
wood-cutter (wud'kuf'er), H. 1. A person 
who cuts wood. — 2. A maker of woodeuts ; au 
eDgraver ou wood. See wood-oigrarinij. 
wood-cutting (wud'kut'ing), H. 1. The actor 
employmeut of cutting wood by means of saws 
or by the application of knife-edge machinery. 
— 2. Wood-engraving. 
wood-dove (wiid'duv), n. [< MK. wodedmr, 
icodfdowve, wodcdoure ; iwood^ + dore'^.} The 
Btoek-dove, Coliimba cenas; also, the common 
wood-pigeon, C. palitmbiis. 
The wode-dowve upon the spray 
She saujr ful loude and clere. 
Chaucer, Sir Thopas, 1. 59. 
wood-drink (wud'dringk). n. A decoction or 
infusion of medicinal woods, as of sassafras. 
wood-duck (wud'duk), n. 1. The summer duck, 
Aixsponsa : more fully called crested wood-duck, 
Wood-engraver i,Xy!eboriis ceeta- 
tus), eight times natural size. 
Wood -duck, or Summer Duck i_Aix s/>ciisii), male. 
and also bridal di(ci, aconi-diirl; (rrc-ducl; icood- 
Kidgeon, and uidgcon. — 2. The hooded mer- 
ganser, Lophodijtes cucuUatus. Also trcc-duch: 
See cut under merfianser. [Western U. S.] 
wood-eater (wud'e"ter), n. That which eats 
wood; a wood-borer; a wood-fretter; speeifi- 
eally, the gribble, LimnorUi lif/nonim. It is very 
injurious to submerged timber, and occasionally useful in 
hastening the decay and consequent removal of snags and 
wrecks. 
wooded (wud'ed), a. [< waod'^ + -cf/2.] 1. 
Supplied or covered witli wood ; abounding in 
wood: as, land well wooded and watered. 
The brook escaped from the eye into a deep and wooded 
dell. Scott. 
Z\. Hence, figuratively, thickly or densely cov- 
ered; crowded. 
The hills are wooded with their partisans. 
Beau, and FL, Bunduca, i. 2. 
wood-embossing(wud'em-bos"iug), n. Ameth- 
od of ornamenting fiat surfaces of wood in im- 
itation of wood-carving. The wood, softened by 
steam, is passed between engraved rolls in a wood-carv- 
ing machine, and impressed with patterns in low relief. 
Another process burns the design into the wood, by means 
of heated dies. 
wooden (wiid'n), a. [Early mod. E. also %eod- 
den; (.urjod^ + -cii^.'] 1. Made of wood; con- 
sisting of wood. 
Bardolph and Nym had ten times more valour than this 
roaring devil i the old play, that every one may pare his 
nails with a wooden dagger. Shak., Uen. V., iv. 4. 77. 
I saw the images of many of tlie Trench King.s, set in 
certaine woden cupbords. Coryat, Crudities, I. 44, 
2. Stiff; ungainly; clumsy; awkward; spirit- 
less; expressionless: as, a icoorfcH stare. 
It is a sport to see when a bold fellow is out of counte- 
nance, for that puts his face into almost shrunken and 
wooden posture. Bacon, Boldness (ed. 1SS7). 
3. Dull: stupid, as if with no more sensation 
than wood. 
Who have so leaden eyes as not to see sweet Beauty's 
show ; 
Or, seeing, have so wooden wits as not that worth to know. 
Sir P. Sydneif (Arber's Eng. Garner, I. 570). 
4t. Of the woods; sylvan. 
And how the wortliy mystery befell 
Sylvanus here, this wooden god, can tell, 
Chapoian, Gentleman Usher, i. 1. 
Wooden brick. Same as wood brick. — Wooden fuse. 
See /iMB-'-— Wooden horse, (at) A ship. 
Milford Haven, the chief stable for his wooden horges. 
fuller, General Worthies, vi, 
Vpon a wodden horse he rides through the wcjrld, and in 
a merry gale makes a path througli the seas, 
Breton, Good and Bad, p. 0. (Davies.) 
(b) An instrument of military punishment consisting of a 
beam or timber, sometimes set with sharp points, upon 
wliich the culprit was compelled to sit astride, having in 
some instances weights tied to his feet. — Wooden leg, 
an artificial leg made of wood, — Wooden mill, in uem- 
cattiwj, -A circular disk of wood, usually poplar, about 4 
6966 
inches thick, and cut across the grain, which, when charged 
with pumice and water, is used for cutting gems en ca- 
bochon- — Wooden pavement, a pavement or causeway 
consisting of blocks of wood instead of stone or the like, 
— Wooden pear. See peari.— Wooden screw, a screw 
of wood such as is used in the clamping-jaw of a car- 
penters' bench.— Wooden shoe. See s(/6o(. — Wooden 
spoon, (a) A large spoon made of wood, for mixing salad, 
and for use in cookery. (6) Seespoo/ii. — Wooden tongue. 
See ton'jue.— Wooden type, large type cut in wood, used 
for printing posters, etc.— WOOden wedding. See werf- 
diiiflr.— Wooden wedge. SeeK'e(i4(ei.=Syn.l. Seeteoden. 
wood-end (wiid'eud), n. Same as hood-end. 
wood-engraver (wiid'en-gra'ver), »!. 1. An ar- 
tist wlio engraves on wood. — 2. In entom., any 
one of several bark- 
beetles of the genus 
Xylchorus and allied 
genera ; specifically, 
X.ceelatus. This works 
in the cambium layer of 
pine-trees in the United 
States in such a way that, 
on removing the loosened 
bark, the surface of the 
wood is seen furrowed in 
a regular and artistic manner, numerous galleries passing 
off at right angles from a straight median tunnel. 
wood-engraving (wud'en-gra'''ving), «. 1. The 
art or process of cutting designs in relief upon 
blocks of wood, usually bo.x, so that impres- 
sions can be made from them with a pigment 
in a printing-press, upon paper or other ma- 
terial. For cuts of more than 5 or 6 inches square, 
two or more blocks are firmly secured together. The sur- 
face of the smoothed block, which is cut directly across 
tlie gi"ain, is prepared for the engraver by rubbing it with 
pounded Bath brick mixed with a little water, in order to 
give a hold to the lead-pencil, and the subject is drawn in 
with pencil or India ink, or is transferred upon the block 
by photography. The engraver then, by means of gravers, 
tint-tools, gouges or scrapers, and flat tools or chisels of dif- 
ferent sizes, cuts out the design, leaving it in raised lines 
or dots upon the surface of the block, so that these may 
receive the ink and yield the desired impression under 
the action of the press. In such parts of the design as 
are to be solid black, the engraver leaves the surface of 
the wood untouched ; in such parts as are to be wholly 
white, he cuts the surface entirely away ; the large num- 
ber of tones, technically called tints, between these ex- 
tremes are rendered by cutting out wider or narrower 
spaces, corresponding to white paper in the print, between 
the lines or dots left in relief. An engraving is seldom a 
mere reproduction of the copy ; it is a translation, into 
which the personal element of the engraver enters: thus 
the engraving may be either superior or inferior artisti- 
cally to the original. Wood-engraving is technically the 
opposite of steel- or copperplate-eugi-aving : in the lat- 
ter the lines cut by the engraver form the picture ; in 
the former the parts of the surface left uncut form the 
picture. 
2. A block of wood engraved by the above 
method, or an impression from sucli a block. 
woodenhead (wiid'n-hed), «. A blockhead; 
a thick-headed, dull, or stupid person ; a num- 
skull. [Colloq.] 
wooden-headed (wud'n-hed''''ed), a. Thick- 
headed; stupid; lacking penetration or dis- 
cernment. 
wooden-headednesa (wud'n-hed'''ed-nes), n. 
The state or character of being wooden-head- 
ed; stupidity. [Colloq.] 
I overlieard some rather strong language going on 
within, words such as ''wooden-headedness" and "libs" 
being used. Liyht, Feb. 23, 1S8». 
woodenly (wiid'n-li), adv. In a wooden man- 
ner; stiffly; clumsily; awkwardly; without 
feeling or sympathy. 
Diverse thought to have some sport in seeing how wood- 
enly lie would excuse himself. 
Boger North, Lord Guilford, II. 22. 
woodenness (wiid'n-nes), «. Wooden charac- 
ter or quality ; stiffness ; lack of spirit or ex- 
pression ; clumsiness; stupidity. 
woodenware (wiid'n-war), «. A general name 
for bowls, dishes, etc., turned from solid blocks 
of wood: often used also of coopers' work, such 
as jiails and tubs. 
wood-evil (wud'e'^vl), n. Same as red water 
(which see, under water). 
WOodfallt (wiid'fal), H. A fall or cutting of 
timber. 
The wood/alls this year do not amount to half that sum 
of twenty-five thousand pounds. Bacon. 
wood-fern (wvid'fern), n. See Aspidium and 
])oll/J><)(ll/. 
wood-fiber (wud'fi'''ber), «. Fiber derived from 
wood ; specifically, the fiber obtained from va- 
rious species of Abies, Betida, Popidiis, Tilia, 
etc., employed as a material for the manufac- 
ture of paper-pulp. See teood-paper and teood- 
pnlp. 
wood-flour (wiid'flour), 11. Very fine sawdust, 
especially that made from pine wood for use as 
11 surgical dressing. 
Woodfordia (wud-for'di-a), H. [NL. (Salisburv, 
1806), named after J, nWdford, author (1824) of 
wood-horse 
a catalogue of the plants of Edinburgh.] A ge- 
nus of polypetalous plants, of the order Lyth- 
rurieie and tribe Lythrese. it is characterized by 
black-dotted leaves, a curved tubular calyx, declined sta- 
mens, and pilose seeds. The only species, W. fijorHmn- 
da, is a native of India, China, eastern tropical Africa, 
and Madagascar. It is a much-branched shrub, hoary 
with grayish hairs, producing round branches and square 
branchlets, with opposite ovate-lanceolate entire whitish 
leaves. The fiowei-s are scarlet, and crowded into cymose 
panicles. See dhauri. 
WOOd-francolin ( wiid'frang'ko-lin), n. One of 
the fraucolins, Francolinus gularis. 
wood-fretter (wud ' fret ■' er), M. Something 
which frets wood, as au insect ; a wood-borer 
or wood-eater. 
wood-frog (wud'frog), n. A frog. Bona syl- 
riitica, of the United States. 
wood-gas (wiid'gas), n. Carbureted hydrogen 
obtained from wood. 
wood-geldt (wiid'geld), n. In old Eng. law, 
money paid for the privilege of cutting wood 
within the limits of a forest. 
wood-germander (wud'jer-man"der), n. Same 
as wood-sage. See sage^. 
wood-gnat (wud'nat), n. A British gnat, Culex 
ncmorosus. 
wood-god (wud'god), II. A sylvan deity. 
The myld wood-gods arrived in the place. Spenser. 
wood-grass (wud'gras), ». The great wood- 
rush, Lu~ula sylvatica. [Prov. Eng.] 
wood-grinder (wud'gi1n"der), n. In paper- 
manuf., a machine for grating and grinding 
wood to make paper-stock. 
wood-grouse (wud'grous), n. A grouse that 
lives in the woods. SpeciflcaUy— (a) The cock-of-the- 
woods. or capercaillie (which see, with cut), (b) In the 
United States, a species of Canace (or Dendragapus), as 
tlie Canada grouse, or spruce-partridge, and the dusky 
pine-grouse. See cut under Canace and second cut under 
grouse. 
wood-hack (wiid'hak), «. [< ME. wodehake; < 
wood + hack^.'] A woodpecker, as the green 
woodpecker, Gecinus liridis. See cut under 
popinjay. [Prov. Eng.] 
wood-nagger (wud'hag''6r), «. A wood-cutter. 
Let no man thinke that the President and these Gen- 
tlemen spent their times as common Wood-haggers at 
felling of trees. 
Quoted in Capt. John Smith's Works, 1. 197. 
wood-hawk (wiid'hak), j(. An African hawk 
of the genus Dryotriorchis : a book-name. 
wood-hen (wiid'hen), n. A ralline bird of the 
genus Ocydromus, of wliich there are several 
Wood-hen {Ocydromus aiistralis). 
species, of New Zealand, New Caledonia, and 
other Pacific islands, as 0. aitstralis, the weka 
rail. See Ocydromus. 
wood-hewer (wud'hu'fer), n. 1. One who hews 
wood. — 2. Any bird of the subfamily Dendro- 
colaptinx, as Xiphocolaptes emigrans : a book- 
name. See cuts under saberbill and I'pucer- 
fhia. 
wood-hole (wud'hol), n. A place where wood 
is stored for fuel. 
Leave trembling, and creep into the Wood-hool here. 
Etherege, She Would if She Could, i. 1. 
wood-honey (wud'hun'i), h. [< ME. wudehunig, 
< AS. wiidiihunig ; as wood^ -f honey.'] Wild 
honey. Mat. iii. 4 (ed. Hardwick). 
wood-hoopoe (wud'ho''po), n. A hoopoe of the 
family Irrisoridse ; a tree-hoopoe. See cut un- 
der Irrisor. 
wood-horse (wud'hors), «. 1. A sawhorse or 
sawbtick. 
Old Uncle Venner was just coming out of his door, with a 
trood-horse and saw on his shoulder ; and, trudging along 
the street, he scrupled not to keep company with Phcebe, 
so far as their paths lay together 
Haicihome, Seveu Gables, xiv. 
2. Same as stick-biig, 1. 
