working-out 
working-out (wer'kiug-out'),M. In music, that 
section of a work or movement which follows 
the exposition of the themes and precedes 
their recapitulation, and which is devoted to 
the development of fragments, or modifications 
of them, in a comparatively free and unsystem- 
atic way. 
working-party (wer'king-par'ti), 71. A party 
of soldiers told off for mechanical or manual 
work, as in the repair of fortifications, or the 
building of a causeway or a bridge. 
working-plan (wer'king-plan), ;i. Same as 
Korkiiuj-drawiiig. 
working-point (w^r'king-point), n. In much., 
that part of a machine at which the effect re- 
quired is produced. 
working-rod ( wer'king-rod), n. Same as pontil. 
work-lead (werk'led), n. [Tr. G. icerkUei.'] In 
metal., the lead as it comes from the smelting- 
furnace, still containing a small percentage of 
impurities (to be removed by softening or re- 
fining) aud the silver which the ore originally 
contained, and which is separated from the lead 
by pattinsonization (see Paitinsou process, un- 
der process) and subsequent eupellation. The 
word is the literal translation of German Werkblei, desig- 
nating what is called in English (by Percy and others) 
blastfurnace lead. 
workless (werk'les), a. [< work + -lcss.'\ 1. 
Without work; not working; unemployed: as, 
a lazy, jcorfcte.vs fellow. [Bare.] — 2. Without 
works; not carried out or exemplified in works. 
Ydle worklesse faith. Sir T. More, Works, p. 411. 
workman (werk'man), «.; pi. workmen (-men). 
[< ME. werkman, werkmon, wercmort, weorcniun, 
< AS. (ONorth.) wercmonn (= Icel. rerkmaihr), 
workman; as work + man.'] 1. A man who is 
employed in manual labor, whether skilled or 
unskilled ; a worker ; a toiler ; specifically, an 
artificer, mechanic, or artisan; a handicrafts- 
man. 
Worthi is the werfcmon his hure to haue. 
Piers Plowman (A), ii. 92. 
The work of the hands of the workman with the ax. 
.Ter. X. 3. 
As a work-man never weary. 
And all-sufllcient, he his works doth carry 
To happy end. 
Sylvester, tr. of Du Bartas's Weeks, i. 4. 
."is for matter to build with, they want none ; no more 
doe they workmen; many excellent in that Art. and those 
Christians, being inticed from all parts ... to work in 
their Arsenals. Saudt/s, Travailes, p. 40. 
2. In general, one who works in any depart- 
ment of physical or mental labor; specifically, 
a worker considered with especial reference to 
his manner of or skill in work — tluit is, work- 
manship — Employers and Workmen Act. See em- 
ployer. — Master workman. See master^ . — Workman's 
candlestick, a simple candlestick consisting ()f a hori- 
zontal stem pointed at one end to be driven into a wall, 
and supporting at the other end a nozle or socket. 
workmanlike (werk'man-lik), a. [< workman 
+ -like.] Like or worthy of a skilful workman ; 
hence, well-executed; skilful. 
workmanlike (werk'man-lik), ailr. [< work- 
manlike, a.] In a workmanlike manner. 
They . . . doe iagge their Hesh, both legges, amies, and 
bodies, as worketnaiitike as a jerkinmaker with vs pinketh 
a ierkin. Hakluyt'x Voyages, III. .^04. 
WOrkmanly (werk'man-li), a. [< n'orkinini -\- 
-///!.] Skilful; workmanlike. 
In most of the houses the roofes are couered with line 
gold, in a very workemunly sort. 
Wehbe, Travels (ed. Arber), p. 3H. 
WOrkmanly (werk'man-li), adv. [< icorkmatdij, 
a.] In a skilful manner; in a manner wortliy 
of a competent workman. 
The chappel [in Calicut] is on euery syde ful of painted 
deuyls; and in euery corner thereof sytteth a deuyllmade 
of copper, and that soivorkeinaiily haiidelcd that he senietli 
like flaming tire, miserably consuming the soules of men. 
Ji. Eden, tr, of Sebastian ilunster (First Books on Amer- 
lica, ed. Arber, p, 17). 
And at that sight shall sad Apollo weep, 
So WOrkmanly the blood and tears are drawn. 
,Shak., T, of the S., Ind,, ii. 62. 
A notable great Cup of siluer curiously wrought, with 
verses grauen in it, expressing the histories workinurUy 
set out in the same. liakluyt's Voyages, I. 377. 
workmanship (werk'man-shlp), ?/. [< ME. 
werkinanxhijje ; iworkiniin -i- -.sliiji.] 1. The art 
or skill of a workman ; as, his icorkmanshi]) was 
of a high order. — 2. The execution or finish 
shown in anything made; the quality of any- 
thing with reference to the excellence or the 
reverse in its construction or execution. 
A gorgeous girdle, curiously embost 
With pearle and precious stone, worth nrany a marke; 
Yet did the vxirktnanship farre passe the cost. 
Spenser, V. it., IV. iv. l.'i. 
6978 
The workmanship (of sculptures of Wells Cathedral] is 
comparatively coarse and sketchy, and far removed from 
the delicacy of French carving. 
C. H. Moore, (iothic Architecture, p. 287. 
3. The product or result of the labor and skill 
of a workman. 
The raysterie of the waxe, the only workemanship of the 
bonie Bee, was left to lighten the Catholike Church. 
Guevara, Letters (tr. by Hellowes, 1577), p. 352. 
What more reasonable than to think that, if we be God's 
workmanship he shall set this mark of himself upon all 
reasonable creatures? Tillotson. 
WOrkmaster(werk'mas"ter), «. 1. The author, 
designer, producer, or performer of a work, es- 
pecially of a great or important work ; a skilled 
workman or artificer. 
What time this worlds great Workmuister did cast 
To make al things such as we now behold. 
Spenser, In Honour of Beautie, 1. 20. 
Thy desire, which tends to know 
The works of God, thereby to glorify 
The great Work-master, leads to no excess. 
Milton, P. L., iii. 696. 
2. A superintendent of work. 
A ricii work-master. 
That never pays till Saturday night ! 
Middleton, Women Beware Women, i. 1. 
work-mistress (werk'mis"tres), n. A female 
author, designer, producer, or performer of any 
work. 
Dame Nature (the mother and workemistrisse of all 
things). Holland, tr. of Pliny, xxxi. 1. {Richardson.) 
work-people (werk'pe"pl), n. People engaged 
in work or labor, particularly in manual labor. 
The back-door, where servants and work-people were 
usually admitted. Hawthorne, Seven Gables, xiii. 
work-roller (werk'r6"ler). n. In a knitting- 
machine, a weighted roller which winds up 
the work automatically as it is completed. E. 
U. Knifiht. 
workroom (werk'rom), «. A room for working 
in, especially one in which women are em- 
ployed. 
workshop (werk'shop), n. A shop or building 
where a workman, mechanic, or artificer, or a 
number of such, carry on their work; a place 
where any work or handicraft is carried on. 
Supreme beauty is seldom found in cottages or work- 
shops. Johnson, Jour, to Western Isles, Ostig. 
Workshop Kegulation Act, a British statute of 1867 (30 
and 31 Vict., c. 146) which regulates the hours of labor of 
women and children. 
worksome (werk'sum), a. [< work -)- -some.] 
Industrious ; diligent. 
So, through seas of blood, to Equality, Frugality, work- 
some Blessedness, Fraternity. 
Carlyle, French Rev., III. vi. 6. 
work-stone (werk'ston), n. In metal,, in the 
ore-hearth (used in smelting lead ores), a flat 
plate of cast-iron connected with and slop- 
ing down from the front edge of the hearth- 
bottom. It has a raised border, and a groove running 
down the middle from the upper to the lower edge, down 
which the lead is conducted as it flows from the hearth- 
bottom during the reduction of the ore. Work-stones and 
hearth-bottoms are sometimes cast in one piece, and some- 
times separately. See ore hearth. 
work-tahle (werk'ta"bl), w. A table or stand 
containing small drawers, or, in some cases, a 
receptacle like a work-box covered by a mov- 
able top, the whole intended for the use of 
women engaged in sewing, a common form of 
work-table of the last century and later had a large bag 
banging from, and forming the bottom of, the lowermost 
drawer, or, in other words, a large work-bag made acces- 
sible by pulling out the under drawer. 
workwoman (werk'wiun'an), )(.; jA.workwoynen 
(-wira"en). A woman who does manual labor 
for a living: not usually applied to brain-work- 
ers. See workman. 
workydayt (werk'i-da), n. and a. An obsolete 
form of workaday. 
world (werld), n. [< ME. world, worlde, wnrld, 
werld, weorld, worlt, woreld, wereld, weoreld, 
weoruld, also word, werd, ioerde, etc., < AS. 
wnrld, worold, woruld, weorold, weoruld = OS. 
u-erold = D. wereld = MLG. weerld, werld = 
OIIG. weralt, MHG. iverelt, werlt, welt, G. welt 
= Icel. verold = Sw. verld = Dan. rerden (for 
'rerlden) (Goth, not recorded), the world, the 
generation of men ; an orig. compound, whose 
elements, later merged in one and lost from 
view (the word, owing to the unusual conjunc- 
tion of consonants, having undergone differ- 
ent contractions, represented by the ME. icord, 
etc., and the G. welt), are represented by AS. 
icer (= Goth, wair), man, -I- j/ldo, age (< eald, 
old) : see ice/'l and eld, old. The word has taken 
on extended applications; the sense of 'the 
earth' is not found in AS.] If. An age of 
man ; a generation. 
world 
If any Prince or Romane Consul did chaunce to make 
any lawe either necessarie or very profitable for the people, 
they did vse for custome to intitle that law by the name 
of him that did inuent and ordeine the same, for that 
in the worldes to come it might be knowen who was the 
author therof. 
Guevara, Letters (tr. by Hellowes, 1577X p. 18. 
2. Any state or sphere of existence; any wide 
scene of life or action: as, a future world; the 
world to come. 
Yet tell me this, will there be do ilanders. 
No jealousies in the other world; no ill there? 
Beau, and Fl., Philaster, iv. 3. 
He tried each art, reproved each dull delay, 
Allured to brighter worlds, and led the way. 
Goldsmith, Des. Vll., L 170. 
3. The system of created things; all created 
existences; the whole creation; the created 
universe : a use dating from the time when the 
earth was supposed to be the center and sum 
of everything. 
Par auenture je haue nogt iherde 
How oure ladi went out of this werde. 
King Horn (E. E. T. 8.), p. 75. 
For god that al by-gan in gynnynge of the worlde, 
Ferde furst as a fust, and 3ut is, as Ich leyue. 
Piers Plowman (C), xx. 112. 
Ffor all the gold that euer may bee, 
Ffro hethyn unto the worldis ende, 
Thou bese neuer betrayede for mee. 
Thomas of Ersseldoune (Child's Ballads, L 107)l 
All the world s a stage. Shak. , As you Like it, iL 7. 1S9. 
World is the great collective idea of all bodies whatever. 
Locke, 
Shaftesbury conceived the relation of God to the If orW 
as that of the soul to the body. 
Fowler, Shaftesbury and Hutcheson, p. 106. 
4. The inhabitants of the earth and their con- 
cerns or interests; the human race; human- 
ity; mankind; also, a certain section, division, 
or class of men considered as a separate or in- 
dependent whole ; a number or body of people 
united by a common faith, cause, aim, object, 
pursuit, or the like: as, the religious world; 
the Christian world; the heathen world; the 
political, literary, or scientific world; the world 
of letters. 
Then saide the iew that al this herde, 
"criste, thou art sauiour of this werde I" 
Holy Rood (E. E. T. S.), p. 113. 
One touch of nature makes the whole world kin. 
Shak.,T. andC, iii. 3. 176. 
Philaster, You are abus'd, and so is she, and L 
Dion. How you, my lord'? 
Philaster. Why, all the world 's abus'd 
In an unjust report. Beau, and Ft., Philaster, Iii. L 
I have not loved the world, nor the world me. 
Byron, Childe Harold, iii. 113. 
There is a constant demand in the fashionable vforld for 
novelty. Irving. 
Ye think the rustic cackle of your bourg 
The murmur of the ivorld. Tennyson, GerainL 
5. The earth and all created things upon it; 
the terraqueous globe. 
Men may well preven be experience and sotyle com- 
passement of Wytte that, gif a man fond passages be 
Schippes that wolde go to serchen the World, men 
myghte go be Schippe alle aboute the World, and aboven 
and benethen. MandeviUe, Travels, p. 180. 
So he the world 
Built on circumfluous waters calm. 
Matm, P. L., viL 269. 
6. That which pertains to the earth or to this 
present state of existence merely; secular af- 
fairs or interests ; the concerns of this life, as 
opposed to those of the future life. 
Love not the world, neither the things that are in the 
world. If any man love the world, the love of the Father 
is not in him. 1 John ii. 15. 
The world is too much with us ; late and soon. 
Getting and spending, we lay waste our powers. 
Wordsworth, Misc. Sonnets, i. 33. 
7. A particular part of the globe ; a large por- 
tion or division of the globe: as, the Old World 
(the eastern hemisphere); the New World (the 
western hemisphere); the Roman world. 
Europe knows. 
And all the western world, what persecution 
Hath rag'd in malice against us. 
Ford, Perkin Warbeck, it. 1. 
8. Public life ; life in society ; intercourse with 
one's fellows. 
Hence-banished is banish'd from the world. 
Shak., R. and J., iii. 3. 19. 
Happy is she that from the tcorld retires. WalUr. 
9. Any celestial orb or planetary body, espe- 
cially considered as peopled, and as the scene 
of interests kindred to those of mankind. 
But thou Shalt flourish in immortal youth. 
Unhurt amidst the wars of elements, 
The wreck of matter, and the crash of worlds. 
Addison, Cato, v. 1. 
The lucid interspace of world and world, 
Tennymn, Lucretius. 
