wpful. 
wpful. A contraction of irori>hipfitl. 
wracfcl (rak), «. [Also wreck (also rack) : < ME. 
irrak, wrek, irrec, something cast ashore, a kind 
of seaweed, also shipwreck (> F. rnrcch, seaweed 
east ashore, pieces of a wrecked ship cast 
ashore); partly < AS. wrxc, banishment, exile, 
misery; partly < D. LG. wrak, or leel. rck (for 
*rrek). also reki, anything drifted or driven 
ashore, = Sw. vrak, wreck, refuse, trash, = Dan. 
rra<j, wreck. Wrack^ is a doublet of wrecks ; it 
is also spelled in some uses rack, while on the 
other hand rnpA-l was sometimes spelled wrack. 
Indeed the whole series of words, wrack, wreck, 
rack, reck, wretcli, etc., were formerly much con- 
fused in spelling. Seewrcck^.] 1. That which 
is cast ashore by the waves. Specifically— (a) Sea- 
weed cast ashore. " The name Is sometimes restricted to 
the species of Fnciis, which form the bulk of the wrack col- 
lected for manure and sometimes for making kelp. Those 
found most plentifully on the shores of the British islands 
are F. vesicidosiis and F. nodogits. See ma-urack, 2, and 
cut under F-itcus. (b) Wreckage. 
2t. The destruction of a ship by winds or rocks 
or by the force of the waves; shipwreck. See 
jorecfci. 
Ring the alarum-bell ! Blow wind ! come vrack! 
Shah,, Macbeth, v. 5. .'il. 
Nay, some of them . . . run ashore before the pursuer, 
glad that with u-rack of ship and losse of goods they may 
prolong a despised life. Sandys, Travailes (1652), p. 2. 
3. Destruction; ruin. 
Forgetting shame's pure blush and honour's wrack. 
Shak., Venus and Adonis, 1. 558. 
Nor only Paradise 
In this commotion, but the starry cope 
Of heaven perhaps, or all the elements 
At least had gone to wrack, disturb'd and torn 
With violence of this conflict. Milton, P. L., iv. 99-1. 
Moaning and wailing for an heir to rule 
After him, lest the realm should go to wrack, 
Tennyson, Coming of Arthur. 
Cart-wrack, various large algse thrown up by the sea. 
[Scotch.]— Kelp- wrack, Fitcm )iodo«M.— Lady-'wrack, 
Fucus msicidosus. See cut under Fttcus, 
■wracklf (rak), r. t. [< wrack, n. Cf. wrcck^, i'.] 
To destroy; make shipwreck of; wreck. 
What profflts it the well built ship to ride 
Vpon the surging billowes of the maine, . . . 
If, ere it iornies end it doth attaine, . . . 
Sea wrackt it perish in the raging floud ? 
Times' WhisOe (K. E. T. S.), p. 129. 
Oh, what a second ruthless sea of woes 
Wracks me within my haven ! 
Chapman, Monsieur D'Olive, i. 1. 
wrack", «. A variant of rack'^. 
■wrack'^t, «'. *• An obsolete misspelling of rack^. 
Cowley, Davideis, iii. 
■wrackfult (rak'ful), a. [< ME. wrakefnl, wrak- 
fwl; iwrack'^ + -fid. Cf.wrcckful.} Ruinous; 
destmctive. 
What wanton hon'ors marked their nrack/ul path ! 
Scott, Vision of Don Roderick, Conclusion, st. 6. 
■wrack-grass (rak'gras), V. Same as (jrasH- 
wrnck. 
wracksomet (rak'sum), «. [< wrack'^ + -.some.] 
Ruinous ; destructive. 
Xor bring the wracksom engine to their wall. 
Hudson, tr. of Du Bartas's .Tudith, ii. 
■wrain-staff (ran'staf), H. Same as wri>i(j-staff. 
■wraith (rath), n. [.\ppar. an altered form due 
to some confusion of the dial, warth, an appari- 
tion ; supposed to have been orig. a guardian 
spirit. < Icel. riirth (gen. rarthar), award, guar- 
dian; cf. Norw. riirde, a beacon, pile of stones, 
rariiijrle, a guardian or attendant si)irit said to 
go before or follow a man, also considered as an 
omen or a boding spirit: seewarrfl.] An appa- 
rition in the exact likeness of a person, sup- 
posed to be seen before or soon after the per- 
son's death; in general, a visible spirit; a spec- 
ter; a ghost. 
His presence scared the clan, 
Who held him for some fleeting nraith. 
And not a man of blood and breath. 
.Scntt, L. of I,. M., v. 28. 
In 1799 a traveller writes of the peasants of Kirkcud- 
brightshire : " It is common among them to fancy that they 
see the icraifJis of persons dying, which will be visible to 
one and not to others present with him." 
F, B, Tylor, Prim. Culture, I. 40.'). 
Then glided out of the joyous wooil 
The ghastly Wraith of one that I know. 
Tennyson, .Maud, xxiii. 
■wrakt, ■wraket, ». and v. 
wrackK 
■wrainp(ramp), )(. [Origin obscure.] Aspraiii. 
■wran (ran), n. A dialectal form of wren. 
The wran! the wran.' the king of all birds. 
Quoted in X. and Q., 1st ser., XII. 489. 
wrangl frang, locally vraiig), a., n., and adr. 
Au obsolete or dialectal (Scotch) form of wronij. 
Old spelUiigs (if 
6986 
■wrang^. An obsolete or provincial preterit of 
wrimj. 
■wrangle (rang'gl), r. ; pret. and pp. wrangled, 
ppr. wrangJing. [< ME. wranglen; a freq. form 
connected with LG. wrangen, wrangle, Dan. 
rringle, twist, entangle, and ult. with wring: 
see wring.'] I. intrans. 1. To dispute; argue 
noisily or In a quarrelsome manner; brawl; 
altercate. 
I am ready to distrust mine eyes, 
And wrangle with my reason. 
Shak,, T, N., iv. 3. 14. 
I have been atoning two most vrranglirig neighbours. 
Fletcher, Spanish Curate, iii. 4. 
Tho' among ourselves with too much Heat 
We sometimes wrangle, when we should debate. 
Prior, To Boileau Despreaux (1704). 
2. To engage in discussion and disputation; 
argue; debate; hence, formerly, in some uni- 
versities, to dispute publicly ; defend or oppose 
a thesis by argument. 
The Philosophers, as they scorne to delight, so must 
they bee content little to mooue ; sauing wrawjliny 
whether Vertue bee the chiefe or the onely good ; whether 
the contemplatiue or the active life doe excell. 
Sir P. Sidney, Apol. for Poetrie (ed. Arber), p. 41. 
Then, in the scale of reas'ning life, 'tis plain. 
There must be, somewhere, such a rank as man : 
And all the question (wrangle e'er so long) 
Is only this, if God has placed him wrong. 
Pope, Essay on Man, i. 49. 
= 8501. I. To bicker, spar, jangle. See qvarreli, n. 
Il.t tratis. To contest or dispute, especially 
in the usually brawling manner of the schools. 
Sir Philip, while they wrangle out their cause, let us 
agree. Brome, Northern Lass, v. 8. 
■wrangle (rang'gl), «. [< wrangle, v.] An angry 
dispute ; a noisy quarrel. 
I have found the court of assistants usually taken up in 
little wrangles about coachmen, and adjusting accounts of 
meal and small-beer. 
Swift, Proposal for giving Badges to Beggars. 
= 8301. Squabble, Altercation^ etc. (see gnarreP), contro- 
versy. 
■wrangler (rang'gler), 11. [< wrangle + -<?)•!.] 
1. One who wrangles or disputes ; a debater; 
especially, an angry or noisy disputant. 
True, true, ever at odds : They were the common talke 
of the towne for a paire of wranglers, 
Brome, Sparagus Garden, i. 1. 
You should be free and pleasant in every answer and 
behaviour, rather like well-bred gentlemen in polite con- 
versation than like noisy and contentious wranglers. 
Watts, Improvement of Mind, I. xiii. § 20. 
I burn to set th' imprisoned wranglers free. 
And give them voice and utt'rance once again. 
Cowper, Task, iv. 34. 
As thy great men are fighters and wranglers, so thy 
mighty things upon the earth and sea are troublesome 
and intractable incumbrances. 
Landor, Imag. Conv., Diogenes and Plato. 
2t. A stubborn opponent or adversary. 
Tell him he hath made a match with such a wrangler 
That all the courts of France will be disturb'd 
With chaces. Shak,, Hen. V., i. 2. 264. 
3. In Cambridge University, one ■(vho has at- 
tained the first class in the elementary di\'ision 
of the public examination for honors in pure 
and mixed mathematics, commonly called the 
iiiathematical tripos, those who compose the 
second rank of honors being designated senior 
ojifimes, and those of the third order junior oji- 
tinies. The student taking absolutely the first place 
in the mathematical tripos used to be called the senior 
wrangler, those following next in the same division being 
respectively termed second, third, fourth, etc., wranglers. 
lint in the final examination now, to which only wranglers 
are admitted, the names are arranged in divisions alpha- 
betically. The name is derived from the public disputa- 
tions in which candidates for degrees were until recent 
times required to exhibit their powers. Compare tripos. 
Maule was senior wrangler and senior medallist at Cam- 
bridge, and is a lawyer. Greville, Memoirs, Jan. 2, 1831. 
wranglership (raug'gler-ship), n. [< wrangler 
+ -.iliip.] In (Cambridge University, the posi- 
tion or rank of a wrangler. 
■wranglesome (rang'gl-sum), a. [< wrangle 
+ -.tonic.} Contentious; quarrelsome. Halli- 
wcU. 
■wrangling (rang'gling), )i. [< ME. wranglingc, 
wranglyiig ; verbal n. of wrangle, !•.] Disputa- 
tion ; especially, contentious argumentation. 
Much n-rangling they had, but at last they confirmed 
him according to pronnse eight shares of Land ; and so he 
was dismissed of his charge, with shew of fauour and much 
friendship, tjuoted in Capt. John Smith's Works, II. 132. 
We may read what icrangling the Bishops and Monks 
had alHtut the reading or not reading of Origen. 
Milton, Reformation in Eng., i. 
■wrangOUSt (rang'us), a. A Scotch form of 
((■/•0«r/(>H.S'. 
■wrapi (rap), r, t,; pret. and pp. wrapped or wrapt, 
ppr. wrapping. [E. dial, transposed warp; < 
■wrapper 
ME. wrappen, also wlappen (with I for r), > E. 
lap: see tep3, and cf. envelop, develop.] 1. To 
roll or fold together, as a pliable or flexible 
object : usually with the preposition around 
(or round) or about: as, to wraj> paper about a 
book. 
This said, he took his mantle's foremost part, 
He gan the same together fold and tmrap, Fairfax, 
Like one who wraps the drapery of his couch 
Abovl him, and lies down to pleasant dreams. 
BryarU, Tbanatopsis. 
2. To envelop; surround; cover- by winding 
something round in folds; mufSe: of ten with 
U2> : as, to rcrap up a child in its blanket ; to 
wrap the body in flannels. 
As a weigh woful he wrapped him ther-inne, 
For no man that he met his momyng schuld knowe. 
William of Paleme (E. E. T. S.), 1. 746. 
The Sarazines wrappen here Hedes in white lynnene 
Clothe. Mandeville, Travels, p. 109. 
I, . . . wrapp'd in mist 
Of midnight vapour, glide secure. 
MUton, P. L., ix. isa 
The mother . . . 
Then brought a mantle down and wrapt her in it. 
Tennyson, Geraint 
3. To cover and fasten securely, as in paper or 
pack-sheet, in order to protect from injury or 
injurious exposure, as in transit or during stor- 
age, or in order to conceal : generally with up : 
as, to wrap up an umbrella or a book to send 
by express ; to wrap up one's things in a bun- 
dle. — 4. To conceal by involving or envelop- 
ing; hide in a mass of different character; 
cover up or involve generally. 
In these fewe lines I haue wrapped vp the most tedious 
part of Grammer. Ascham, The Scholemaster, p. 27. 
The evil which is here vmipt up. 
Shai., M. for M., v. 1. 117. 
Wrapping up Religion in strange figures and mysterious 
non-sense, which the Egyptians were so much given to. 
StUliitgJteet, Sermons, I. iii. 
Wrapped up in, (a) Bound up with or in ; comprised 
or involved in ; entirely associated with or dependent on. 
His [Leontine's] young wife (in whom all his happiness 
was wrapt up) died. Addison, Spectator, No. 123. 
(6) Engrossed in or with; entirely devoted to: as, she is 
wrapped tip in her son ; he is wrapped up in his studies. 
O then, O, first for your own royal sake. 
And next for ours, wrapp'd up in you, beware ■ 
Of his Designs in time. 'J. Beaumont, Psyche, v. 152. 
The state pedant is wrapt up in news, and lost in poli- 
tics. Addison, Spectator, No. 105. 
(c) Comprised or involved in, as an effect or consequence. 
■wrapi (rap), 11. [< wrap^, r.] An article of 
dress intended to be wrapped round the person, 
as on a journey ; a wrapper. In the plural, the word 
is applied collectively to all coverings used, in addition to 
the usual clothing, as a defense against the weather, as 
cloaks, shawls, scarfs, and railway-rugs. 
Mrs. Aleshine ... was sitting in her bonnet and wra^ 
ready to start forth. F. R. Stockton, The Dusantea, iii. 
■wrap-t (rap), V. t. A misspelling of rajp2. 
The least of these delights, that you devise, 
Able to urape and dazzle human eyes. 
Peele, Arraignment of Paris, ii. 2. 
Wrapp'd in amaze, the matrons wildly stare. 
Vryden, MneiA, v, 840. 
■wrappage (rap'aj), «. [< wrap^ + -age.] 1. 
The act of WTapping. — 2. Anything which 
wraps, or is used for wrapping; collectively, 
things used as wraps or wrappers. 
It seems somehow the very central essence of us, Song: 
as if all the rest were but wrappages and hulls ! 
Carlyle, Heroes and Hero- Worship, iii. 
Hence was the need, on either side, of a lie 
To serve as decent wrappage. 
Broicning, Ring and Book, iv. 523. 
To-morrow this sheet . . . shall be the wrappage to a 
bar of soap, or the platter for a beggar's broken victuals. 
Lowell, Biglow Papers, 1st ser., vi., note. 
■wrapper (rap'er), H. [<.wrap^ + -cr^.] 1. One 
who wraps. — 2. That in which anything is 
wrapped or inclosed; an outer covering: as, 
newspaper wrappers. 
As soon as such a number of l>ooks are perfected, the 
surplus of the various signatures are thrown aside for 
wrappers and other official uses. 
Bei}, W, Tooke, in Ellis's Lit. Letters, p. 430. 
Specifically — (a) The loose and detachable cover of paper 
put about a book bound in cloth to preserve its fresh- 
ness; sometimes, incorrectly, the sewed or pasted cover 
of a pamphlet. (6) Tobacco-leaf specially suited or pre- 
pared for covering cigars : distinguished from fiUcr, See 
Jilleri , 4. 
Sumatra tobacco consists of large, strong, flexibleleaves, 
which are imixtrted into this country solely for the pur- 
pose of making cigar wrappers. The Nation, XL^^II. 379. 
3. A loose garment meant to envelop the whole, 
or nearly the whole, person : applied to both 
indoor and outdoor garments, such as dress- 
ing-gowns, overcoats, and shawls. At certain times 
