yearning 7014 
The reveries of youth, in whicli so much energy is yeast-bitten (yest'bifn), a. In brewing, too 
wasted, are the yearnings of a Spirit made for what it much affected by yeast. 
, 170. 
has not foumi but must forever seelc as ati Ideal. 
Channing, Perfect Life, p. 
yearning^ (yer'ning), n. [Var- of earning^.] 
Keimet. [Scotch.] 
yearningly (yer'uing-li), adv. In a yearning 
manner ; with yearning, 
yeast (y est), n. [Formerly also 2/c«<; also dial. 
east; < ME. geest, < AS. gist, gyst = I>. gest, 
When the progress of the attenujition becomes so slack 
as not to exceed half a pound in the clay, it is prudent to 
cleanse, otherwise tlie top-barm mij^lit re-enter the body 
of the beer, and it would become yeast-bitten. 
(Ire, Diet, I. 317. 
yeast-cell (yest'sel), «. The single cell which 
constitutes a yeast-plant, Saccharomyces cerevi- 
__^. , . .--, . -- — _-„---, siie. 
'(i'ist'='!AHG.°oesij'est'G. giisclii^ gischt = lee\. yeast-fungUS (yest'fung"gus), n. See fungus. 
jast, jastr = Sw. jdst (cf. Dan. gjser)^ yeast; 
from a verb seen in OB.G.J€sanj ^iHG, jesen, 
gesen, geni, G. (fiihren^ ferment, = Sw. jasa^ 
ferment, froth ; akin to Gr. ^i:nv, boil, seethe, 
(> i,EGr6q, boiled, boiling); Skt. ■/ yaSy boil, 
froth.] 1. A yellowish substance, having an 
acid reaction, produced during the alcoholic 
yeastiness (yes'ti-nes), n. The state or prop- 
erty of being yeasty. 
yeast-plant (y est 'plant), n. The Saccharovujces 
cerevisi^, a minute plant producing alcoholic 
fermentation in saccharine liquids; also, any 
one of several other species of the genus Sac- 
charomyces. See yccisf, 1 (with cut), 
fermentation of saccharine fluids, rising partly yeast-p'owder (yest'pou^Mer), n, A substitute 
to the surface in the form of a frothy, flocculent, for yeast used for leavening bread, consisting 
viscid matter {top or surface yeast), and partly of a preparation of soda, phosphates, and other 
falling to the bottom {bottom ov sediment yeast), substances, in the form of a powder; a baking- 
Yeast consists of aggregations of minute cells, each cell powder. 
constituting a distinct plant, Saccharomyces cerevidm. yeasty (yes'ti), a. [Formerly also yeshj ; < 
Ti.^ ''"■''* "'""'^ •" " yeast + -y'^.'] 1. Consisting of or resembling 
yeast. 
We have then [In June] another dun, called the Bai-m- 
Fly from its yeasty color. 
Cotton, Ik Walton's Angler, ii. 2G1. 
2. Foamy; frothy; spumy. 
Though the yenty waves 
Coufound and swallow navigation up. 
Shak,, Macljeth, iv. 1. 53. 
The sands and yeasty surges mix 
In caves about the dreary bay. 
Tennyson, Sailor Bity. 
3. Light; unsubstantial; trifling; worthless. 
Thus has he — and many more of the same breed that 
I know the drossy age dotes on — only got the tune of 
the time and outward habit of encounter: a kind of »/ex(y 
collection, which carries them through and through the 
most fond and winnowed opinions. 
Shak., Hamlet, v. 2. 199. 
Knowledge with him is idle, if it strain 
Above the compass of his ye--i1y brain. 
Drayton, Moon-Calf. 
Same as yate^ gate"^. 
And, or the porter was at the yeat. 
The l>oy was in the ha'. 
Lady Maisry (Child's Ballads, II. 84). 
. [ME. se(I(k7ty ^eddicn, < AS. gcddian, 
gyddian, glddian, speak, sing, < gedd, gidd, a 
song.] To speak; sing. Piers Plowman {X), 
i. 138 
The yeast-plant 
saprophytic fungus 
of uncertain system- 
atic position, being 
regarded by some as 
a degenerate asconiy- 
cete, by others as rep- 
resenting a distinct 
class. It exists under 
two conditions. In 
the first it is in the 
form of transparent 
round or oval cells, 
averaging .08 mm. 
(.003 incli) in diam- 
eter, whicli iJiorea.se 
in countless numbers 
by budding — tiiat is, 
by the formation of 
a small daughter- 
cell by the side of 
the mother-cell, from 
which it sooner or 
later separates. The 
other form consists 
of larger cells, which, 
by a division of their 
protoplasm, form four 
new cells within the 
parent-cell. These 
endogenously formed 
cells have been liken- 
ed to the ascOSporeS rf, the spores; ^, geniiinaling spores. 
of the Asconiycetes, 
with which, as stated above, they are frequently classed, 
The former notion that the yeast-plant was only the ini 
yeatt, ». 
Yeast. 
(J, yeast-plant {SiiCf:h(zrofnyces cere- 
^>isia), showing increase by budding ; b, a 
cell, showing the formation of the siwres ; 
a ceil, containing four mature spores ; y6QU.t* "^^ ' 
mature conditiun of a niolcl has been effectually explocled yeddinKt, "• fME., also yeddunne, < AS. ged- 
by Brefclds elaburate researches. Fermentation takes 'j °-5 , V i,„i „ „* „„"^^,„„ „:.,™. c. 
Sediment yeast is rerioduced by spores, yedeH, TOdet. [ME. ycdc, gede, gode, 
In tlieir chemical relatons the two do /_ ftnVh i/hliii^ iirfit of iiini I'o- qpp 
'er. Yeast varies in quality according to (-'^jom. Kiaja ), prei. 01 gan, ^,0. see 
soleto irregular preterits of go 
by 
place sooner and goes on more rapidly when yeast is added 
than when the fluid is merely exposed to the atmosphere, 
beer-yeiist possessing the property of setting up fermenta- 
tion in the highest degree. .Surface yeast is formed at from 
6.5' to 77° F., and its ai-tion is rapid and Irregular, whereas 
sediment yeast is formed at from 32° to 45°, and its action is 
slow and quiet, 
and not iiy buds. 
not appear to differ. Yeast varies in quality according 
the nature of the liiinid in wliich it is generated, and yeast- 
mercliants distin^oiisli several varieties, which are em- 
ployed for diilerent pur)toses according to tlieir energy 
and activity. Yeast is employed to induce fermentation 
in tlie manufacture of beer and ale, and of distilled spirits, 
and is also the agent in producing the panary fermenta- 
tion, whereby Ijread is rendered liglit, poious, ami spongy. 
Beer yeast is emjjloyed medicinally as a stimulant in low 
fevers, and is of great service in cases where, from inflam- 
matory symptoms, wine is inadmissible. See barm'^, Sac- 
chatomyces, ff.nnentatwn. 
She consented that the village maiden should manufac- 
ture yeagt, both liquid and in cakes. 
Hawthorne, Seven Gables, v. 
2. Spume or foam of water; froth. 
Now the ship boring the moon with her mainmast, and 
anon swallowed wltli ye&t and froth. 
Shak., "\V. T., iii. 3. 94. 
They melt into thyy«as( of waves, which mar 
Alike the Armada's pride, or spoils of Trafalgar. 
Bymn, Childe Harold, iv. 181. 
f'i/"!/. giddiing ; verbal n. of gcddian, sing; see 
yedd, v.'] A popular tale or romance, or a song 
embodying a popular tale or romance. 
Of yeddinges he bar utterly the prys. 
Chaucer, Gen. Prol. to C, 
T., 1. 237. 
< AS. code 
see go.'] Ob- 
Arttflcial yeast, a dough of flour and a small (inaiitity 
of coMinion yea^t, made into small cakes and dried. Kept 
free from nioistin-e, it long retains its fermentative prop- 
erty.— Beer-yeaat, the common yeast, Saccttaromycen 
cerfvUUe, wldcti is added to the wort of beer for the 
pui-pose of exciting fermentation. See def. 1. — Bottom 
or Bedlment yeast. See .let. 1.— German yeast, com- 
mon yeast collected, drained, anil pressed till nearly dry. 
It can iie so kept for several months, and is much used by yedert, 
bakers. — Patent yeast, ye.ist collected from a wort of 
malt and ho), ,. 
Press 
ties, mi 
in ijags as a preparation for storing. — Surface "or top 
yeast See def. 1. 
yeast (yest), );. i. [< yeasl, «.] To ferment. 
Yeastin{f youth 
Will clear itself and crystal turn again. 
Keats, Otho the Great, iii. 2. (Davics.) 
yeast-beer (yest'l>er), «. See becr'^. 
Sethen ,fede to sitte same to solas <S: to pleie 
At a wid windowe that was in the chaumber. 
William 0/ Palerne (E. E. T. S.), I. 3672. 
Two or three of his messages yedcn 
For Pandarus. Chaucer, Troilus, ii. 936. 
To mete hir ;^odc mani baroun, 
with grete and faire processioun. 
Holy Rood (E. E. T. S.), p. 115. 
His army dry-foot through them yod. 
Spenser, F. Q., 1. 1. 53. 
One while this little boy he yode. 
Another while he ran. 
Childe Maurice (Child's Ballads, II. 314). 
Along the bankes of many silver streames 
Thou with him yodest. 
L. Bryskett, Fastorall Aeglogue. 
In other pace than forth he yode, 
Return'd Lord Marmion. 
Scott, 'Marmion, iii. 31. 
yedert, ''. '. [Also yead; a false pres. tense and 
inf. fonned from the pret. yedc, yode: see yede^.] 
Togo; proceed. [Rare and erroneous.] 
Then baild the knight this lady yede aloof. 
And to an hill herselfe withdraw asyde. 
Spenser, F. Q., I. xi. 6. 
Years yead away, and faces fair deflower. Drant. 
[ME. gedir; cf. AS. sedre, edrc, 
,, r. .■-,•■,,. r, * quicklv.] Quick. Wars of Alexander, \. 50^2. 
nd bo],, and treated similarly to Gerniiin yea.st.— „i/i„_i.^i „^,. rMF, 7efln-hi 7fderH ■ C iieder + 
yeast, yeast freed from water and other impnri- yetterlyt, aai. [MJli. geaoiy, gcaei n , \yeaer T 
ixed with about 15 percent, of starch, and pressed -ly^.\ Quickly; at once. 
For I 3elde me fu'derly, & gege after grace, 
A: tiiat is the best, iie my dome, for nie bv-hone3 nede. 
Si';- Gauayiw. ami the Green Kni'jht (E. E. T. S.), 1. 1215. 
yeel (yel), n. A dialectal fonu of ed. 
yeeld-f, r. A Middle English spelling of yield. 
yeept, «■ Same as yep. 
yeffellt, adv. An obsolete dialectal form of evil. 
yelling 
Yet, "Pottys, gret chepe!" creyed Rotblyn, 
" Y loffe yejletl thes to stonde. " 
Roldn Hood and the Potter (Child's Ballads, V. 24). 
yeftt, "• A Middle English form of gift. 
Thanne to the Sowdon f urth he went anon. 
Of whom he hadde his thank rigitt specially, 
And gi'ete ye/tys as he « as wele wortliy. 
6enerydes(Eu E. T. 8.), 1. 3094. 
yeldi (yeld), a. [Also ye(dd, yald, yell ; var. of 
gcld^.] Barren; not giving milk: same as 
r/eWl, 2. [Scotch.] 
Thence country wives, wi' toil and pain, 
May plunge and plunge the kirn in vain ; . . . 
And dawtit [pettedl twal-pint hawuie [cow] 's gane 
As yell 's tiie bill [bull]. 
Burns, Atldi-ess to the De'iL 
A wild farm in Northumberland, well stocked withmilk- 
cows, yeald beasts, and sheep. 
Scott, Heart of Mid-r.olhian, xxxiz. 
Few owners of deer forests will adopt the author's sug- 
gestion of themselves beginning to shoot the yeld hinds on 
the 15th of October, instead of leaving it to their keepers. 
Athenseum, No. ii079, p. £60. 
yeld^t, n. A Middle English form of gild'^. 
Thys statute is made by the comyne assent of all the 
bretherne and sistenie of alballowe yelde, 
English Gilds (E. E. T. S.), p. 281. 
At "Worcester as late as 1467 we flinl the citizens in their 
"yeld merchant" making for the craft guilds regulations 
whicli imply that they had full authority over them. 
StitbOs, Const. Hist, 8 485. 
yeldet, v. A Middle English form of yield. 
yeldhallet, ". A Middle English form of gild- 
IrnlL 
To sitten in a yeMhalle on a deys. 
Chaucer, Gen. Prol. to C. T., 1. 370. 
yeldring (yel'dring). n. [Also yeldrin, yoldring, 
yoldrin, yorliiig, etc., in numerous variant forms 
based on yellow.'] Same as yowley. [Scotch.] 
yeldrock (yel'drok), n. Same as yowley. 
[Prov. Eng.] 
yelk ( yelk ), n. A variant of yolk. 
yelU (yel), v. [< ME. yellen, gellen, gidlen, gollen, 
< AS. gellan, giellan, gyllan, cry out, yell, re- 
sound, = D. gillen, shriek, scream, = G. gellen, 
resound, = Icel. gella, also gjalla = Sw. gdlla 
= Dan. gjxUe. gjalde, resound, ring ; prob. akin 
to AS. (jffltom, sing: see gate^. Cf. yawl^,yowi.] 
I. intrans. To ciy out ■with a sharp, loud noise; 
shriek ; cry or scream as with agony, hoiror, or 
ferocity. 
Thay yelleden as feendes doon in belle. 
Chatieer, Nun's Piiest's Tale, L 589. 
Tlio com the deuel jollynge uorth,[and] loude he gan grede 
Alas iiou is my niyste ido euermo he sede. 
Holy Rood (E. E. T. S.), p. 44. 
The night raven that still deadly yells. Spenser. 
The dogs did yell. Shak., L. L. X,., iv. 2. 60. 
The throng'd arena shakes with shouts for more ; 
Yells the mad crowd o'er entrails freshly torn. 
Byron, Childe Harold, i. 6a 
All the men and women in the hall 
Rose, when tliey saw the dead man rise, and fled 
Yelling as from a spectre. Tennyton, Geraint. 
II. trans. To utter with a yell. 
As if it felt with Scotland, and ycll'd out 
Like syllable of dolour. Shak., Macbeth, iv. 3. 7. 
Some boy, galloping tor life upon the road, yells to him 
the sudden news, and is pone. 
W. it. Baker, New Timothy, p. 258. 
Again the Apaches were summoned to surrender, . . . 
and again they yelled their defiant refusal. 
The Centuni, XLI. 659. 
yelU (yel), «. [< yell'^, v.] 1. A sharp, loud 
outcry ; a scream or cry suggestive of horror, 
distress, agony, or ferocity. 
Rod. I'll call alond. 
lafjo. Bo, with like timorous accent and dire yell 
As w'heii, by night and negligence, the Are 
Is spied in populous cities. Shak., Othello, i. 1. 75. 
A loud halloo of vindictive triumph, above which, how. 
ever, . . . the yell of mortal agony was distinctly heard. 
Scott, Rob Roy, xxxi. 
.\ yell the dead might wake to bear 
Swell'd on the night air, far .ind clear, — 
Then smote the Indian tomahawk 
On crashing door and sliattei-ing lock. 
Whiltier, Pentucket. 
Specifically— 2. A call or cry peculiar to a 
special body of persons: as, a class yell; the 
)/c« of Columbia '91. 
The yining men, in brilliant tennis-blazers and negligee 
costumes, are giving Ihe mountain calls or yrlh— cries 
adopted according to the w ellknown college custom, and 
uttered with more energy than mnsii-. 
St. Sicholas, XVII. 837. 
yell2 (yel), a. Same as yeld^. 
yelF, yell-house. Dialectal forms of ale. ale- 
house. 
yelling (yel'ing), «. li'M'E. gellynge; verbal n. 
of yclP-, v.] The act or the noise of one who or 
that which yells; a yell, or yells collectively. 
