rt, the Zarf ; b, the Cup. 
zareba 
fled eamp in general. Also written zareeba, 
zereha, zeriba, etc. 
We employed ourselves until the camels should arrive 
in cutting thorn branches and constructing a zareeba or 
fenced camp, to protect our animals during the night. 
Sir S. W. Baker, Heart of Africa, p. 85. 
zarf (zarf), II. [Also ziirf; < Ar. zarf, a ves- 
sel, a case.] A holder for a coffee-cup: a 
term used through- 
out the Levant. 
These holders are usual- 
ly of metal and of orna- 
mental design in open- 
worli. Their immediate 
object is to prevent the 
hot cup from burning 
the fingers. 
Some zur/8 are of plain 
or gilt silver illicree. 
E. W. Lane, Motl. ICgyp- 
rtians, 1. 169, note. 
zamich (ziir'nik), II. 
[Also zariicc, etc.; 
< Ar. seriiikh, a:zer- 
nikli, arsenic, < Gr. 
apatviKuv, arsenic : 
see arsenic] 1. In 
alchemij, orpiment. — 2. An old term embra- 
cing the native sulphids of arsenic, sandarae 
(or realgar) and orpiment. 
zarzuela (Sp. pron. thar-tho-a'la), «. [Sp.] A 
short drama with incidental music, like a 
vauderille. It is said to have been first in- 
troduced into Spain at Zarzuela in the seven- 
teenth century. 
zastruga (zas-tro'ga), n. [Russ.] One of a 
series of ridges, with corresponding depres- 
sions, rising in wave-like succession above the 
general level of the snow when this has been 
blown across by a long-continued wind. 
zataint, ". An old spelling of satiii. 
zati (zit'ti), II. [E. Ind.] The capped macaque 
of India and Ceyloti, Macaciis pileolatus. 
Zauschneria (zash-ne'ri-a), n. [NL. (Presl, 
1836), named for Zauschiier, a German botanist. ] 
A genus of polypetalous plants, of the order 
Onagrariea'. it is characterized by flowers with four 
petals, eight stamens, and a four-celled ovary with nu- 
merous ovules, and, distinguishing it from the similar ge- 
nus Epilobium, by a calyx with the tube suddenly expand- 
ing above the ovary into a funnel-shaped limb glol)Ose at 
the base. The only species, Z. Catifornica, a handsome 
plant of California, is cultivated under the names of Cali- 
fornianfiKh^ia and humming-bird's trumpet. It is a low 
branching shrub with sessile entire or minutely toothed 
leaves, and bright-crimson flowers which are solitary and 
sessile in the axils. 
zaz (zaks), II. [Perhaps a vav. of .sax (< AS. 
.ve«x, etc.), a knife.] An instrument tised by 
slaters for cutting and dressing slates ; a kind 
of hatchet with a shai-p point on the pole for 
perforating the slate to receive the nail orpin. 
Z-crank (ze'- or zed'krangk), «. A peculiarly 
shaped crank in the cylinder of some marine 
FloweriniJ Plant of Maize I2ea Mays], 
a, in.ile flower; i, fejiiale flower. 
7030 
steam-engines : so named from its zigzag form. 
Simmonds. 
Zea (ze'a). n. [NL. (Linnasus, 1737; used ear- 
lier by lirunfels, 15IJ0), < Gr. C^a, C^/d, a sort of 
grain iised as fodder for horses.] A genus of 
grasses, type of the tribe Maydese. it is charac- 
terized by monoecious flowers, the male forming a termi- 
nal panicle,the female a large axillaiy sessile spike wrapped 
in numerous leaf-like bracts or husks, and consisting of pis- 
tillate ilowers densely aggregated in many rows upon a 
thick unjointed rachis. The only species, Z. Mays, the 
well-known Indian corn or maize, long cultivated through- 
out many warm and temperate regions, is supposed to be 
a native of America, but is not now known in a wild state. 
It is a tjdl plant with unbranched robust stems, large 
light-green leaves, a handsome long-stalked terminal 
panicle (known as the tafsel), and veiy thick fertile spikes 
from the husks of which project long green slender 
styles known as the silk. The fruit is a hard roundish 
caryopsis (known as the kernel) partly inclosed by the 
chaffy remains of the four glumes and broad palet— the 
kernels and their rachis (the cob) forming the spike or ear 
of corn. The seeds furnish an invaluable food to man 
and to domestic animals; the stalks and leaves are used 
for fodder, and the husks are much used for filling mat- 
tresses and horse-collars, and for making door-mats; a 
coarse textile fabric, also, and paper of excellent quality, 
have been experimentally made from them. The cob, 
and sometimes the whole ear, is used as fuel. The chief 
value lies of course in the kernel. See maize, cut in pre- 
ceding column, and cut under husk. Compare cor/ii. 
zeal (zel)j >». [Early mod. E. ::ele ; < OF. zele, 
F. ce/e = Sp. Pg. It. zelo, < L. zelus, < Gr. C^Xof, 
zeal (for *C,Ea7.o(:), < (^keiv {s/ C,to)^ boil, akin to 
E. yeast : see yeast.'\ Passionate ardor in the 
pursuit of anything; intense interest or en- 
deavor; eagerness to accomplish or obtain 
some object. 
They have a zeal of [for, R, V.] God, but not accord- 
ing to knowledge. Rom. x. 2. 
Let not my cold words here accuse my zeal. 
Shak., Rich. II., i. 1. 47. 
Controversial zeal soon turns its thoughts on force. 
Burke, Rev. in France. 
His fervent zeal for the interests of the state. 
Macavlay, Warren Hastings. 
= Syn. Earnestness, Enthusiasm, etc. (see eagerness), 
warmth, fervor, heartiness, energy. 
zealt (zel), v. i. [izeal, n.] To entertain zeal; 
be zealous. 
Stitf followers, and such as zeal marvellously for those 
whom they have chosen for their masters. 
Bacon, Controversies of Church of Eng. 
zealantt, «• See zelant. 
zealedt (zeld), a. [< seal + -ed^.'] Filled with 
zeal; characterized by zeal. 
Zealed religion. 
Fletcher (and another), Love's Pilgrimage, iv. 2. 
zealfult (zertul), a. [< zeal + -////.] Full of 
zeal; zealous. 
These dayes of Ours may shine 
In Zeal-full Knowledge of the I'ruth divine. 
Sylvester, tr. of Du Bartjis's Weeks, ii., The Decay. 
zealless (zel'les), a. [< zeal + -less.'] Lack- 
ing zeal. Bp, Hall. 
zealot (zerot), w. [< OF. zelote, < LL. zelotes, < 
Gr. ^y'/MTf'/^, a zealot, < Cvao^, zeal: see zeal.'] 1. 
One who is zealoTis or full of zeal ; one carried 
away by excess of zeal; an immoderate parti- 
zan: generally in a disparaging sense. 
He was one of those furious zealots who blow the bel- 
lows of faction until the whole furnace of politics is red- 
hot with sparks and cinders. 
Irving, Knickerbocker, p. 299. 
Like all neutrals, he is liable to attack from the zealots 
of lK>th parties. Whipple, Ess. and Rev., I. 62. 
2. [_c<ip.'] One of a fanatical sect or party (the 
Zelota?) among the Jews of Palestine under 
Komau dominion, who on account of their ex- 
cesses in behalf of the Mosaic law were also 
called Sicarii or Ass<(^sins. The Zealots gained the 
ascendancy in a civil war, and withstood the Romans so 
fiercely as to bring about the total destruction of Jeru- 
salem, A. P. 70. Zealots are also mentioned (perhaps by 
confusion) as a sect of the Essenes. similarly character- 
ized by fanatical zeal for their ascetic practices. 
That desperate Faction of the Zealots, who, like so many 
Firebrands scattered up and down among them [the Jews], 
soon put the whole Nation into Flames. 
Stillingjieet, Sermons. I. viii. 
zealotical (ze-lot'i-kal), a. [< zealot + -ic-aJ.'\ 
Having the cliaracter of a zealot ; belonging to 
a body of zealots. 
One Leviston, a zealotical Scotsman, a tailor, came with 
a gray suit of appai-el [for a disguise] under his cloak. 
Court and Times of Charles /.. II. SO. 
zealotism (zerot-izm), n. [< zealot + -ism.'] 
The character or conduct of a zealot. Gray. 
zealotist (zel'ot-ist), n. [< zealot + -ist.] A 
zealous partizan ; one of a body of zealots. 
Uon-cU. 
zealotry (zerot-ri). n. f< zealot + -ry (see 
-ery),~\ Behavior as a zealot ; excessive or un- 
due zeal; fanaticism. 
zebra-opossum 
Inquisitorial cruelty and party zealotry. 
Coleridge. {Imp. Diet.) 
Herod is outheroded, Sternhold is out-stemholded, with 
a zealotry of extravagance that really seems like wilful 
burlesque. De Quincey, Style, L 
zealous (zel'us), a. [< L. ML. zelosus, full of 
zeal, < zelus, zeal : see zeal. Ct. jealous^ an older 
form of the same word.] 1. Full of or incited 
by zeal ; jealous for the good or the promotion 
of some person or object; ardent; eager; fer- 
vent; devoted. 
That man loves not who Is not zealous too. 
Ilerrick, Zeal Required in Love. 
The learned and pious Bishop of Alexandria, Dionysiua, 
wrote to the zealous and factious Presbyter >'ovatu8. 
Bp. Gauden, Tears of the Church, p. luo. (Davies.) 
The clergy of New England were, for the most part, 
zealous promoters of the revolution. 
Emerson, Hist. Disc, at Concord. 
2. Caused by or manifesting zeal; due to ear- 
nest devotion ; of an ardent character or qual- 
ity. 
So sweet is zealous contemplation. 
Skak., Rich. III., iii. 7. 94. 
I will study 
Service and friendship, with a zealous sorrow 
For my past incivility towards ye. 
Ford, Broken Heart, v. 1. 
= Syil. 1. Forward, enthusiastic, fervid, keen. See zeal. 
zealously (zel'us-li), adv. In a zealous manner; 
with passionate ardor; fervently; earnestly. 
It is good to be zealoudy affected always in a good thing. 
GaL iv. l& 
Sir, I will amply extend myself to your use, and am very 
zealoudy afflicted, as not one of your least friends, for your 
crooked fate. Beau, and Fl., Honest Man's Fortune, it 2. 
zealousness (zel'us-nes), w. The quality of be- 
ing zealous; ardor; zeal. 
zealousyt (zel'us-i), «. [Early mod. E. zelousie; 
< zealous + -y'^. Cf. jealousy.] 1. Zealousness. 
His hand eternity, his arm his force, 
His armour zealousy. his breast-plate heaven. 
Middleton, Solomon Paraphrased, v. 
2. An old form ot jealousy. 
The zelousie and the eagre feersenes of Olimpias. 
UdaU, tr. of Apophthegms of Erasmus, p. 200, note. 
zebec, zebeck, n. Same ^^sxelyec. 
zebra (ze'brii), n. and a. [= F. zebre^ < Afri- 
can zebra.] I. «• An African solidungulate 
mammal, related to the horse and ass, of the 
genus Equus and subgenus Hippotigris, having 
the body more or less completely striped. There 
are at least 3 well-marked species. One of these is the 
quagga. The second is the bonte-quagga, or Burchell's 
zebra. (See cut under dauw.) The third is the true 
zebra, E. (H.) zebra, of southern Africa, of a whitish color, 
Zebra (Egnus or Hifpctigris zebra'). 
very fully and regularly striped with black : it is specifi- 
cally called the mountain zebra. This zebra stands about 
4J feet iiigh at the shoulder ; the head is light, the ears 
are moderately largo, the limbs slender; the mane is 
short, and the tail tufted. The general form is light and 
symmetrical, like that of most wild asses, and seems to 
indicate speed rather than bottom. The zebra is one of 
the most beautiful of animals, as it is also one of the 
wildest and least tractable. It has often been kept in con- 
finement, and occasionally tamed, but generally retains 
its indomitable temper. It inhabits in herds the hilly and 
mountainous countries of South Africa, seeking the most 
secluded places; so that from the nature of Its haunts, as 
well as its watchfulness, swiftness, and the acuteness of 
its senses, it is difficult to capture. It is, however, much 
hunted, and seems destined to extermination. 
II, a. Resembling the stripes of a zebra; hav- 
ing strij)es running along the sides: as, the ze- 
bra markings on certain spiders. Staveley. 
zebra-caterpillar (ze'bra-kat'^er-pil-ar), H. The 
larva of Mamestra pict^i., a North American noc- 
tuid moth : so called from the longitudinal black 
and yellow stripes. It feeds on clover, peas, 
beans, cabbages, turnips, and various other cul- 
tivated plants. See cut on following page. 
zebra-opossum (ze'bm-o-pos*um), n. The ze- 
bra-wolf. See cut imiier thylacine. 
