zoUverein 
It began with an agreement in 1828 between Prussia and 
the grand duchy of Hesse, received a great development 
in 1834 and succeeding years, ultimately including all the 
Germau powers excepting Austria and a few small states, 
and is now coextensive with the German empire. 
Hence — 2. A commercial union, or customs- 
union, in general ; any arrangement between a 
number of states for regulating rates of duty 
with reference to their common benefit. 
The result would be a Protectionist group and an Aus- 
tralian ZoUcerein. Fortnightly Rev., N. S., XXXIX. 296. 
ZOmborak(zom'bo-ruk), n. 9>a,me 3.S zumboorulv. 
zona (zo'na), w.; pi. zonx (-ne). [L.] 1. In 
anat., a zoiie. belt, or girdle, or part likened to 
a zone: chiefly used in human anatomy. — 2. 
Herpes zoster"(which see, under herpes) — Zona 
alba, the white zone of the eyeball — a thickening of the 
sclerotic where the muscles are attached.— Zona arcua- 
ta,theinnerzoneof the basilar membrane, extending from 
the lower edge of ihe spiral groove of the cochlea to the ex- 
ternal edire of the base of the outer rods of Corti.— Zona 
cartllaginea, the limbus of the s|iiral lamina.— Zona 
choriacea. Same as zona cartUaginea.— Zona, clUa- 
ris, the ciliary zone of tlie eye; the ring or belt of ciliary 
processes or their impression upon the vitreous humor. 
See cut under e.vei.— Zona denticulata, the inner zone 
of tile basilar membrane together with the limbus of the 
spural lamina.— Zona fasciculata, the layer of the corti- 
cal part of the suprarenal body, just beneath the zona 
gloraerulosa.— Zona ganglionaris, a collection of gray 
matter on the filaments of the cochlear branch of the 
auditory nerve.— Zona glomerulosa, the outer layer of 
the cortical part of the suprarenal boily.— Zona ignea. 
Same as def. 2.— Zona incerta, a continuation of the for- 
matio reticularis forward under the optic thalamus. — 
Zona laevis. same as zona arcuata.— Zona, medlana. 
Same aszonarar'i!a(;»neo.— Zonamembranacea. Same 
as basilar membrajie (which see, under basilar). — Zona 
nervea. Same as zona arcuata. — Zona orbicularis, a 
collection of circular fibers in the capsular ligament of 
the hip joint.— Zona pectlnata, the outer zone of the 
basilar membrane, extending from the rods of Corti to 
the spiral ligament. — Zona pelluclda, a transparent 
membrane surrounding tlte yolk of the ovum : so called 
from its appearance in the human ovum under the micro- 
scope. It is simply the waU of the ovum, corresponding 
to any other cell-wall. It is traversed by numerous, more 
or less evident, radiating pore-canals, through which sper- 
matozoa are supposed to enter the ovum. — Zona perfo- 
rata., the lower ed^e of the spiral groove of the cochlea. 
— Zona radiata, the zona pellucida when the radiating 
pore-canals are especially distinct.— Zonarepens. Same 
as herpes zoster. See herpn.—Zona reticularis, the in- 
ner layer of the cortical portion of the suprarenal body.— 
Zona serplginosa. Same as def. 2.— Zona sponglosa, 
the extreme dorsal tip of the posterior horn of the gray 
matter of the spinal cord. —Zona tecta, the inner part of 
the lamina spiralis membranacea, covered by the organ of 
Corti.— Zona tendtnosa, a fibrous ring situated at each 
auriculoventricular opening in the hearts — Zona Val- 
salV88, the membranous spiral lamina of the cochlea. 
Zona volatica. Same as def. 2. 
zonal (zo'nal), (t. [< LL. zonalis, < L. zonu. 
zone: see rowe.] 1. Having the character of 
a zone or belt. 
Frequently storm clouds appeared zorml — that is, alter- 
nate portions positively and negatively electrified. 
G. J. Symons, in Modern Jleteorology, p. 16.3. 
2. Of or pertaining to the rings, somites, or 
body-segments of an articulate or annulose 
animal; arthromerie; metamerie: as, zonal 
symmetry, the serial homology or metamerie 
symmetry of a segmented animal, as an ar- 
thropod or an annelid. See sijmmetrij. 5 (6). — 
3. In crystal.., arranged in zones: as, the zonal 
structure of a mineral.— 4. In hot, noting that 
view of a diatom in which the zone or suture of 
the valves is presented to the eye — the "front 
view" of some writers. — 5. In hort., marked 
on the leaves with a zone or circle, as many pe- 
largoniums, also called horseshoe geraniums. 
— Zonal harmonic. See harmonic. — Zonal stratum. 
See stratum zonale, uiiiler stratunt. 
zonally (z6'nal-i), adc. In a zonal manner; in 
zones, or in the form of a zone. 
Crystals of the hyacinth variety of quartz . . . contain 
numerous inclusions of anhydrite arranged zonally. 
Amer. Nat., XXIII. 814. 
Zonaria'' (zo-na'ri-a), n. [NL. (Agavdli, 1824), 
fem. of L. zf)iinriii.s: see zr>nary.~i A small ge- 
nus of widely distributed pha?osporous algte, of 
the order Dictyot'icese, having a more or less 
fan-shaped frond obscurely marked with con- 
centric zones, and rounilish or linear sori formed 
beneath the cuticle of the frond. 
Zonaria^ (zo-na'ri-a), n. pi. [NL., nctit. pi. of 
\j.zonarius: aee :oiiari/.'\ One of two primary 
groups (the other V>eing Discoidco) into which 
Huxley divided the deciduate Mniiim/ilid. con- 
sisting of those iJeci'liin/fi which have a zonary 
placenta; the Zonophicentalia. 
Zonarioid(zo-na'ri-oid), o. [_<. Zonaria^ +-oi(l.'i 
In hot., pertaining to or resembling the genus 
Zonaria. 
zonary (z6'na-ri), a. [< L. zonarius, < zona, a 
zone : see zone.'] Pertaining to or character- 
ized by a zone ; having or presenting the form 
of a belt or girdle. A zonary placenta is one 
7038 
in which the fetal villi form a belt or zone. See 
Zonaria"^, Zonoplacentalia, and zonular. 
The placenta of the dugong Is zonary and non-decidu- 
ate. Nature, XL. 611. 
zonate (zo'nat), a. [< NL. zonatiis, < L. zona. 
zone: see zone,'] 1. In hot., marked with zones 
or concentric bands of color. — 2. In zoiil., hav- 
ing zones of color or texture ; belted, girdled, 
or ringed ; zoned. 
zonda (zon'dii), re. [Named from the village of 
Zonda.l A local foehn wind occurring at the 
eastern base of the Andes, in the vicinity of 
San Juan, Argentine Republic. It is a hot dry 
west wind blowing down from the Cordillera, and carrying 
clouds of dust and fine sand. It may occur at any season, 
but is especially frequent during July and August (mid- 
winter), when its high temperature and parching elfects 
are especially noticeable. The name is also applied to a 
hot di-y north wind occurring on the Argentine plains dur- 
ing the summer, and reported especially from the vicin- 
ity of Mendoza. This is essentially a desert wind, charged 
with sand, and oppressive and suffocating in its effects. 
zone (zon), 11. [< F. zone, < Sp. Pg. It. zona, < 
L. zona, < Gr. i^uvij, a girdle, belt, one of the 
zones of the sphere, < tiuvvhvai, gird.] 1. A gir- 
dle or belt worn as an article of dress. [Now 
only poetical.] 
Germlnatio, in green, with a zone of gold about herwalst. 
B. Jonson, Masque of Beauty. 
With a side 
White as Hebe's, when her zone 
Slipt its golden clasp, and down 
Fell her kirtle to her feet. Keats, Fancy. 
2. A belt or band round anything, as a stripe 
of different color or substance round an object : 
figuratively, any circumscribing or surrounding 
line, real or imaginary; a circuitous line, path, 
or course; an inclosing circle. 
That milky way. 
Which nightly, as a circling zone, thou seest 
Powder'd with stars. Hilton, P. L., vii. .580. 
And four great zones of sculpture, set betwixt 
With many a mystic symbol, gird the hall. 
Tennyson, Holy Grail 
Very frequently the colors form stripes or zoTies in the 
stone [Egyptian jasper], which are probably the result of 
decomposition of the upper surface. 
E. W. Streeter, Pi-ecious Stones, p. 201. 
3. Si)ecifically, in geoq., one of five arbitrary 
divisions of the earth's surface, bounded by 
lines parallel to the equator, each named ac- 
cording to its prevailing temperature; a cli- 
matic lielt. These climatic zones are (ff) the *omd zone, 
extending from tropic to tropic, or 23J' north and 2^° 
soutll of the equator; (b) two temperate zones, extending 
from the tropics to the polar circles — that is, from the par- 
allel of 23*° north or south to that of 66J° north or south, 
and therefore called the ^wrth temperate and south temper- 
ate zones: and (c) two frigid zones, extending from the po- 
lar circles to the north and south poles respectively. 
4. Any continuous tract or belt differing in 
character from adjoining tracts ; a definite area 
or region within which some distinguishing 
circumstances exist or are established : as, the 
zones of natural history, distinguished by spe- 
cial fonns of vegetable or animal life ; a zone of 
free trade ; a free zone on the border of a country 
or between adjoining states. Naturalists formerly 
divided the sea-bottom into five zones in accordance with 
the depth of water covering each, which was supposed to 
determine its fauna and flora. They were called respec- 
tively littoral, circumlittoral, median, in,framedian, and 
abyasal. Later researches have proved that the assumed 
facts were to a great extent erroneous, organisms supposed 
to be confined to the littoral zone having been found at 
the greatest depths. In geology zone has nearly the same 
meaning as horizon. A stratum, or a group of strata, may 
be characterized by the presence of a certain assemblage 
of fossils, or by one particular fossil ; in such cases the 
most abundant or typical fossil may give a name to the 
subdivision in which it occurs, which will then be desig- 
nated as the z^me of that particular species. Thus, the 
Lower and the Middle Lias have together been divided 
into twelve zones, each characterized by the jtresenceof a 
certain species of annnonite : as, the "zoiie of the Arietiles 
{Ammonites) raricostatus," etc. 
They [the people of Savoy] would . . . lose their com- 
mercial zone or free frontier with Switzerland. 
C. E. Adams, Democracy and Monarchy, ix. 
The zone of youthful fancy . . . is now well passed ; the 
zone of cultllred imagination is still beyond us. 
Stedman. Vict. Poets, p. !.'>. 
How vast must have been that earlier period wherein 
were deposited those fine alternations of lime and clay 
which form hills, such as Mont Perrier, several hundred 
feet in height, divisible into distinct zones, each character- 
ised by peculiar assemblages of fossils. 
Geikie. Geol. Sketches, v. 
Attacks of a spasmodic or of a lethargic nature in hys- 
terical patients can often be excited by touching or press- 
i iig upon certain spots or zones on the surface of the body. 
Lancet, 1886, II. 124S. 
5. In mafh., a part of the surface of a sphere 
included between two parallel planes. — 6. In 
crystal., a series of planes having their lines of 
intersection parallel Annual zone. Same as an- 
nual ring (which see, under n"«i/l). — Bathymetric zone. 
See balhymetric.— QerYicaX zone, that part of the preg- 
zonociliate 
nant uterus, embracing about the lower fourth, within 
which attachment of the placenta is dangerous, as liable 
to cause alarming hemorrhage during childbirth. The 
centric attachment of the placenta in this zone consti- 
tutes placenta prcevia (which see, under placeida). — Cili- 
ary zone, in artat. See ciliary. — Coralline zone. See 
coraK/Tie.— Epileptic zone, an area of the skin covering 
the lower part of the face and the neck, irritation of which 
will excite an epileptic paroxysm. Brown-S^quard found 
that section of the spinal cord in the lumbar region in 
animals, usually guinea-pigs, was followed by epilepsy, 
and that the progeny of animals so treated had these epi- 
leptic zones.— Epileptogenous or epileptogenic zone. 
Same as epileptic zo/k.— Hyperesthetic zone, a hyper- 
sensitive portion of the integument, sometimes found, in 
cases of spinal paralysis, at the border of the affected part. 
— Hypnogenic zone, a place or region on the surface of 
the body stimulation or irritation of which tends to induce 
hypnotism. [Recent.] 
Spots which have been described by Pitres as hypno- 
genic zones. BjOrnstrbm., Hypnotism (trans.), p. 18. 
Hysterogenic zone, a part of the surface of the body 
pressure upon which will excite a paroxysm in cases of 
hystero-epilepsy. -Intermediary zone of the stomach, 
that part of the wall of the stomach, near the pylorus, 
where the peptic glands begin to disappear. — Isother- 
mal zones. See isothermal. — Llssauer's zone. Same 
as Lissauer's tract (which see, under trac(i).— Blarglnal 
zone, the border where the synovial membrane is grad- 
ually converted into articular cartilage.— Neutral, pec- 
tinate, pellucid, primordial zones. Seetheadjectives. 
— Posterior marginal zone. Same as Lissauer's tract 
(which see, under (r«c(i).— Tliree-mlle zone. See mile. 
—Zone of defense, in fort., the belt of territory around 
a fortification which falls under the effective fire of the 
besieged —Zone of Haller. Same as zone of Zinn.— 
Zone of Ussauer. Same as Lissauer's tract. See tracts. 
— Zone of operations (OTiW.), the region containing the 
lines of operations of an army, extending from the base of 
operations to the objective point. See strategy.— Zont Of 
vegetation, a belt of characteristic vegetable growth fol- 
lowing a particular line of altitude on mountain sides.— 
Zone of Zinn. Same as zonule of Zinn. See zonule. 
zone (zon), f. ; pret. and pp. zoned, ppr. zoning. 
[< zone, M.] I. trans. To encircle with or as 
if with a zone; bring within a zone, or divide 
into zones or belts, in any sense. 
I could hear he loved 
Some fair immortal, and that his embrace 
Had zoned her through the night. 
Keats, Endymion, ii. 
II. intrans. To be formed into zones. 
What Mr. Ix)ckyer had called the zoning of colour in 
the heavens. Nature, XX.XVIII. 225. 
zone-axis (zon'ak'sis), n. In crystal, the line 
in which all the planes of a zone would inter- 
sect it they were supposed to pass through the 
same point. 
zoned (zond). a. [<zone+ -ed'^.] 1. Wearing 
a zone, as a woman. — 2. Having zones, or 
bands resembling zones; zonate. 
ZOnelesS (zon'les), a. [< zone + -less.] Without 
a zone or girdle; ungirt; hence, loosely robed. 
That reeling goddess with the zoneless waist. 
Cowper, Task. iiL 52. 
ZOnic (zo'nik), w. [< zone + -i'c] A girdle; 
a zone; a belt. [Rare.] 
I know that the place where I was bred stands upon a 
zontcofcoal. SmoJWt, lYavels, iv. (Daviet.) 
zoniferous (zo-nif'e-rus), a. [< L. zona, zone, 
-t- fcrrc = E. Iwar'^ .] Having or bearing a zone ; 
zoned. 
Zonites (zo-ni'tez), n. [NL. (Montfort, 1810), 
< Gr. Cav'iTK, girded, < Cuvj/, girdle: see zone."] 
In conch., a genus of pulmonate gastropods, re- 
ferred to thefatnilyi/f /(c/rfa?, or to the /.('mactrf a?, 
or to the Vitrinidif, and giving name to the Zoni- 
timr. The species are numerous, as Z. cellaria (see cellar- 
snail). Z. milium is a very small species of the L'nit«d 
States ; Z. umbiUeata is known as the open snail. The ge- 
nus in a broad sense includes species of Hyalirm and re- 
lated forms ; but it is also restricted to about a dozen spe- 
cies of the Mediterranean region, as Z. algirus. 
Zonitidse (zo-nit'i-de), n. pl. [NL., < Zonites + 
-idle.'] A family of ten-estrial gastropods, tj-pi- 
fied by the genus Zonites : same as Vitrinidse. 
Trans. Xeir Zealand In.^t., 1883. 
Zonitinse (z6-ni-ti'ne), H. pl. [NL., < Zonites 
+ -inie.] A subfamily of Vitrinidse or another 
family, typified by the ^enus Zonites. and in- 
chiding forms with a heheoid shell (into which 
the aniraal can completely withdraw) and with 
lateral bicuspid and marginal acute teeth. 
Zonitis (zo-ni'tis), H. [NL. (Fabricius, 1775), < 
(Jr. iTut'inf', fem, of Curm/f: see Zomte,<<.] A ge- 
nus of blister-beetles, of the family Cnntharidsp. 
of wide distriliution and comprising about 40 
species, of which 6 are North American. They 
are verv variable in color and size, but are distinguished 
by having the outer lobe of the maxilla not prolonged. 
ZOnochlorite (z6-no-kl6'rit), h. [< txr. C(Jf»/. 
girdle, + x^.upn(, greenish-yellow. + -lYe'-^.] _ A 
zeolitic mineral, perhaps related to thomsonite, 
occurring in massive form in cavities in amyg- 
daloid : it often shows bands of different colors. 
zonociliate (zo-no-sil'i-at), a. [< L. zona, zone, 
+ NL. ciliatus, eiliate.] Zoned with a circlet 
