The term is a loose popular equivalent of the technical 
designation ; but it is convenient, and may be employed 
for any of the Zoophyta in a proper sense, as corals, sea- 
anemones, acalephs, and sponges. The chief objection 
to its use is its continued application to those polyzoans 
which are of coralline aspect, as these have no afllnity 
with coelenteratcs. — Glass-rope zoophytest, the glass- 
rope sponges, or Hyalonemidfie (which see). 
zoophyte-trough (zo'o-fit-tiof), n. A device 
for retaining living zoOphytes or infusoria 
which are to be examined under the micro- 
scope. It consists of a frame with two movable sides 
of glass, and a false bottom, also of glass, small enough 
to admit of the insertion of the sides between it and the 
frame. The upper edges of the sides are pressed toge- 
ther by a spring, and can be separated as desired by a 
wedge. E. H. Knight. 
zodphytic (zo-o-fit'ik), a. [< zoophyte + -?c.] 
Of the nature of a zoophyte ; of or pertaining 
to zoophj'tes; phytozoic — Zoophy tic series, the 
series of animals composing the Zoophyta as defined by 
Haeckel and Huxley, beginning with the lowest sponges 
and ending with the highest ccelenterates. 
ZOOphytical (z6-o-fit'i-kal), a. [< zooplujtic + 
-ahl Same as zoopltytic. 
Zo5phytoid (zo-of'i-toid), a. [< zoophyte + 
-ojrf.] Resembling a zoophyte ; related to the 
zoophytes. 
zoophytological (zo-o-fi-to-loj'i-kal), a. [< :oo- 
phytolofi-y + -ical.'\ Pertaining to zbophytology. 
ZOOphytologist (z6"o-fi-tol'o-jist), «. [< zoti- 
phjtolog-y + -ist.'] One who is versed in the 
natural history of zoophytes. R. F. Tomes, Geol. 
Mag. (1885), p. 549. 
ZOOphytology (zo"o-fi-tor9-ji), n. [< Gr. Cl>6- 
(pvTov, zoophyte, + -'/Jiyia, < "kkyuv, speak: see 
-ology.'] The science or natural history of zo- 
ophytes. 
ZOqphyton (zo-of'i-ton), «.; pi. zoophyta (-ta). 
[NL.: see zoophyte.'] A zoophyte. 
ZOdplastic (z6-o-plas'tik), a. [<Gr. i^^ov, ani- 
mal, + Tr/.daaeiv, form: see plastic.'] In surf/., 
noting a plastic operation by which living tissue 
is transplanted from one of the lower animals 
to man ; of or pertaining to zoograf ts. — Zooplas- 
tic graft. Same as zoograf t^ 
ZOOpraxinoscope (z6-o-prak'si-no-sk6p), n. 
[< Gr. C.i^v, animal, 4- E. praxinoscope.] A 
philosophical toy, somewhat on the principle 
of the phenakistoscope, by which images of 
animals are made to execute natural move- 
ments upon a screen upon which they are 
thrown. 
ZOOpsycllology (zo'o-si-kol'o-ji), «. [< Gr. CGiov. 
ammal, + E. psychology.] The psychology of 
animals other than man ; that body of fact or 
doctrine respecting the minds or mental activi- 
ties of animals which may be derived from the 
study of their instincts, habits, etc. 
zooscopic (zo-o-skop'ik), o. [< zodsaop>-y + -ic] 
Of or pertaining to zooscopy. 
This condition of zooscopic hallucination is one of the 
commonest among the phenomena of alcohol poisoning. 
Science, XV. 43. 
ZoSscopy (z6'o-sk6-pi), n. [< Gr. C't'ov, animal, 
+ -BKOTria, < aiioTCElv, view.] A kind of hallucina- 
tion in which imaginary animal forms are per- 
ceived. 
ZOOSperm (zo'o-sperm), II. [< Gr. Cvov, animal, 
+ nrrip/ia, seecl.] 1. Same as zoo,9permium. — 
2. In bat., same as zoospore. 
ZOOSpennatic (zo'o-sper-mat'ik), a. [< zoo- 
sperm + -atic'^ (see spermatic).] Pertaining to, 
or of the nature of, a zoosperm; spermato- 
zoic. 
ZOOSpenuium fzo-o-spfer'mi-um), «. ; pl.zoosper- 
inia (-a). [NL. : see zoosperm.] The sperm- 
cell, or male seed-cell ; a spermatozoon. Also 
zoosperm. 
zoosporange (zo'o-spo-ranj), «. [< NL. coosjjo- 
rangiuiii.] Same as zoosporangium. 
zoosporangial (z6"o-spo-ran'ji-al), a. [< zoo- 
sporangiaiii. + -al.] Pertaining to a zoosporan- 
gium. 
ZOOSporangium (z6"o-spo-ran'ji-um), n. ; pi. 
zoosporaiigia (-a). [NL., < Gr. C<mi\ animal, 
+ cTTupd, seed, -+■ uyyunv, vessel.] In bot., a 
sporangium or spore-case in which zoospores 
or zoogametes are produced. See sporangium, 
and cuts under Puccinia and spermogoniiim. 
There is then formed in each zofisporangium a number 
of zoospores. Farlow, Marine Algte, p. 14. 
zoospore (zo'o-spor), «. [< Gr. (.uiiv, animal, -1- 
T-rjpo, seed: see. s;)ore.] 1. Inio<.,a sporeeapa- 
l)ie of moving about ; a motile spore, or swarm- 
spore. Zoospores are produced by many algse, and occur 
also in some funtri iPeronosporeee. Saprolegnicse, Myxomy- 
cetei<, etc.) ; they are spores destitute for a time of any cell- 
wall, and motile by means of either cilia or pseiidopodia. 
See sp<jre-, rnaerozojipoye, 2, and cut under Chietopkora. 
Als4j zoi>Hpfrrn. 
7042 
2. An animal spore ; one of the minute flagelli- 
form bodies which issue from the sporocyst of 
sporiparous animalcules ; a swarm-spore. Cien- 
owski, 1865. 
Also zoocarp. 
Zoosporeae (z6-o-sp6're-e), n. pi. [NL. (Thu- 
ret) : see zoiispore.] A somewhat doubtful class 
or order of green or olive-green algoB in which 
reproduction is by means of zoospores. Conju- 
gation occurs between the zoospores, but without clear 
distinction of male and female cells. The group includes 
the greater part of the Chlorosperweie of Harvey. See 
Algte, conjugation, i. 
ZOOSporic (z6-o-spor'ik), a. [< zoospore + -ic.] 
Of the nature of a zoospore; i)ertaining to 
zoospores. 
ZOOSporiferous (z6"6-spo-rif'e-rus), «. [< zoo- 
spore + h.ferre = fi. 6ea»'l.]' In bot., bearing 
or producing zoospores. 
ZOOtazy (z6'o-tak-si), n. [< Gr. ^<mv, animal, -I- 
rd^ig, airangement.] The science of the classi- 
fication of animals ; systematic zoology. Com- 
pare phytotaxy. 
ZOOtechnic (z6-o-tek'nik), a. and «. [< zootech- 
n-y + -ic] I. a. Of or pertaining to zootechny. 
II. n. Zootechny. 
ZOOteclinics (z6-o-tek'uiks). II. Same as zoo- 
techiiy. 
zootechny (zo'o-tek-ni), «. [< NL. zodtechnia,< 
(Jr. iifiov, animal, -I- rixv-ri, art.] Domestication 
of animals ; the breeding and keeping of ani- 
mals in domestication or captivity. See accli- 
iiiatization. 
ZOOtheca (z6-o-the'ka), n. ; pi. zoiithecse (-se). 
[NL., < Gr. ((}ov, animal, -f- Of/Ki/, case.] The 
case or sheath of a zoosperm ; a cell containing 
a spermatozooid. 
ZOOthecal (z6-o-the'kal), a. [< zoiitheca + -al.] 
Of tlie nature of or forming a zootheca. 
ZOOthecial (z6-o-tlie'sial), a. [< zoothecium + 
-al.] Of or pertaining to a zoothecium. 
zoothecium (z6-6-the'sium), «. ; pi. zoothecia 
(-siji). [NL., < (jr. f^ov, animal, + dr/Kiov, cas- 
ket J dim. ol Ot/kt;, case, chest: see zootheca.] A 
eompoimd tubular investment or domiciliary 
sheath in which certain infusorians are in- 
cased. Compare zoocytiuiii, zoodendrinin. 
For these aggregations of ordinary simple loricse the 
distinctive title of zoothecia has been adopted. 
W. S. Kent, Manual of Infusoria, p. 61. 
zootheism (z6'o-the-izm), 11. [< Gr. CCiov, ani- 
mal, -1- E. theisiiA.] The attribution of deity to 
an animal ; the treatment of animals or animal 
forms as objects of worship. See zoolatry and 
zomnorxMsiii, 2. 
In the stage of barbarism all the phenomena of nature 
are attributed to the animals by which man is surrounded, 
or rather to the ancestral types of these animals, which 
are worshipped. This is the religion of zootheiein. 
Pop. Sci. Mo., X.XXVI. 63. 
ZOOtheistic (z6"o-the-is'tik), a. Of or pertain- 
ing to zootheism; relating to the worsliip of 
animals; zoolatrous. B&Q zoomorphic, 2. 
The prophets tried to pull the Israelites too rapidly 
through the zobtheistic and physitheistic stages into mon- 
otheism. Pop. Sci. Mo., XXXVI. 208. 
ZOOtherapy (z6-o-ther'a-pi), )(. [< Gr. Jipov, ani- 
mal, + K therapy.] Tlie treatment of disease 
in the lower animals ; veterinary therapeutics. 
Zootoca^ (zo-ot'o-ka), n. [NL. (Wagler), < Gr. 
CoioTUKOi, viviparous, < ^vov, animal, 4- TiKTeiv, rt- 
ne'iv, bring forth.] A genus of ovoviviparous liz- 
ards, of the family Lacertidie, very near Lacerta 
proper. There are about 8 species, chiefly of southern 
Europe and of Africa, as the well-lcnown Z. vivipara. 
Zootoca'-^ (zo-ot'o-ka), ».p^ [NL., neut.pl.: see 
Zoiitoca^.] Baxne &% 'Vivipara . In its application 
to mammals, the term is traceable to Aristotle. 
ZOOtOCOlogy (z6"o-to-kor9-.ii), n. [< Gr. C,Vot6- 
Koq, viviparous, + -/.oyia, < /.h/eiv, speak: see 
-ology.] The biology of animals. See the quo- 
tation. [Rare.] 
Dr. Field tells us we are all wrong in using the term bi- 
ology, and that we ought to employ another ; only he is 
not quite sure al>out the propriety of that which he pro- 
poses as a substitute. It is a somewhat hard one — zooio- 
cology. Huxley, Amer. Addresses, p. 138. 
ZOOtomic (zo-o-tom'ik), a. [< zootoni-y + -ic] 
Same as zootomical. 
The ZOOtomic and eml)ryologicaI works of the last ten 
yeiu-s. Nature, XXXVII. 70. 
zootomical (z6-o-tom'i-kal). a. [< zootomic + 
-III.] Of or pertaining to zootomy. 
ZOOtomically (z6-o-tom'i-kal-i), adr. By 
moans of or according to the principles of zo- 
otomy. 
Such being the position of apes as a whole, they are 
ZOOtomically divisible into a number of more and more 
subordinate groups. Encyc. Brit., II. 148. 
Zorilla 
zodtomist (z6-ot'6-mist), n. [< zootom-y -t- 
-ist.] One wlio dissects the bodies of animals ; 
one who is versed in zootomy; a comparative 
anatomist. 
zootomy (zo-ot'o-mi), n. [< Gr. Cv"", animal, 
-1- -TOfiia, < Tc/xvciv, Tafiuv, cut.] The dissection 
or the anatomy of animals ; specifically, the 
science, art, or practice of dissecting or anat- 
omizing animals other than man : distinguished 
from human anatomy, androtomy, or anthropoto- 
my : equivalent to comparative anatomy in a 
usual sense: correlated with phytotomy, or the 
dissection of plants. The zootomy of living ani- 
mals for other than surgical pui-poses is known 
as vivisection. 
zootrope (zd'o-trop), n. Same as zoetrope. 
An ingenious and effective application of the zootrope, 
for the illustration of the relation between certain iso- 
meric forms. Sci. Amer. Supp., XXII. 8097. 
zootrophic (z6-o-trof 'ik), a. [< Gr. i<iiov, animal, 
-I- -Tpoifor, < rpii^eiv, nourish.] Serving for the 
nourishment of animals; of or pertaining to 
animal alimentation. 
ZOOXanthella (zo'o-zan-thel'a), 11. ; pi. zooxan- 
thellse (-e). [NL., < Gr. f^v, animal, + ^av66i, 
yellow, -I- -elia.] One of the yellow pigmentary 
particles, or minute corpuscles of yellow color- 
ing matter, found iu certain radiolarians. 
ZOOZOO (zo'zo), n. [Imitative; ef. coo, croo.] 
The wood-pigeon. [Prov. Eng.] 
Z0pe(z6p),n. [G.] A certain fresh-water bream 
of Europe, Abramis ballerus. 
Zopherus (zof'e-rus), n. [NL. (Laporte, 1840), 
< Gr. fo^f^of, diisky, < Z6<fo^, darkness, gloom.] 
A genus of tenebrionid beetles, remarkable for 
their large size, bold sculpture, and special col- 
oration, the elytra having shining callosities. 
About 15 species are known, all from South 
^Vmeriea, Mexico, and the southwestern United 
States. 
ZOpilote (z6-pl-16'te), n. [Also tzopilotl; < Mex. 
tzopilotl.] One of the smaller Ameiican vul- 
tures or Cathartidas, as the turkey-buzzard or 
carrion-crow ; a gallinazo ; a urubu. See aura^, 
and cuts under Cathartes and urubu. 
ZOpiSSa (zo-pis'a), n. [NL., < Gr. iiJKiaaa, pitch 
and wax from old ships, < fu- (?) + maaa, pitch : 
see pitch"^.] In med., a mixture of pitch and 
tar, impregnated with salt water, scraped from 
the sides of ships, formerly used iu external 
applications as having resolutive and desicca- 
tive properties. Simmonds. 
zoppo (tsop'po), c. [It.] In »i«S)'p, "limping," 
alternately with and without syncopation Alia 
zoppa, a duple or quadruple movement in which there is 
a syncopation in the midst of each measure, giving the 
metric figure ! J J * I J d J ' 
zorgite (zor'git), n. [< Zorge (see def. ) -I- -ite^.] 
A metallic mineral consisting of the selenides 
of lead and copper, found at Zorge, in the Harz 
mountains. 
zoril, ZOrille (zor'il), «. [< F. zorille (Bufion), 
< Sp. zorilla, zoriUo (> NL. zorilla), dim. of 
zorra. zorro, a, fox.] 1. An African animal of 
the genus Zorilla. — 2. Some Central or South 
American skunk ; one of the Mephitinse, as the 
conepate; a zorriuo. See cut under Coiiepa- 
tus. 
Zorilla (zo-ril'a,), n. [NL. (J. E. Gray): see 
zoril.] 1 . A genus of African skunk-like quad- 
rupeds, representing the subfamily Zorillinse. 
The common zoril, or mariput, is Z. striata "(or Ictonyx zo- 
rilla). a nocturnal, burrowing, carnivorous animal, capable 
of emitting a very fetid odor, like a skunk. It is as large 
as a small house-cat, and is entirely striped and spotted 
Striped Zoril ^Zorilla striata). 
with black and white, thus closely resembling the small 
American skunk figured under SpilogaU. The genus is 
also called lihabdogale and Ictonyx. Its name Zorilla is 
quite recent ; but zorilla as a specific Sew Latin name is 
more than a century old, having long designated a com- 
