7043 
in shallow bays and other waters, often forming large 
masses, growing from slender creeping rootstocks. The 
long narrowly linear two-ranked leaves are the place of 
attachment of great numbers of alga;, and the feeding- 
places of many of the smaller forms of animal life. Z. 
marina is known in America as eel-grass and in England 
Zorilla 
posite species in which the African zoril was confounded 
with some American skunks : whence also the two senses 
of zorii (which see). 
2. n. c] A zoril. 
Zorillinae (zor-i-li'ue), n.pl. [NL., < Zorilla + 
-»««.] An African subfamily of Mustelidse. rep- 
resented by the genus Zorilla; the zorils, or 
skunk-like quadrupeds of Africa. They are 
closely related to the American skuuks, or 2Ie- 
phitiiix. See cut under Zorilla. 
zorilline (zor'i-lin), a. Resembling or related 
to animals of the genus Zorilla; pertaining to 
the Zorilliitse. 
Zoroaster (z6-ro-as'ttr), «. [NL. (Thomas, 
1873), pun on Zoroaster (see Zoroastrian), in- 
volving NL. aster, starfish.] In zool., a genus 
of starfishes, giving name to the Zoroasteridse, 
and containing such species as Z. fulgens, of 
the North Atlantic. 
Zoroasteridae (zo'ro-as-ter'i-de), n. pi. [NL., < 
Zoroaster + -idse.'i A family of starfishes, typi- 
fied by the genus Zoroaster, it contains forms with 
very small body, very long arms, and quadriseriate water- 
feet, attaining a diameter of 8 or 10 Inches, 
Zoroastrian (zo-ro-as'tri-an), a. and «. [< L. 
Zoroastres (> E. Zoroaster'), the L. form of the 
Old Pers. name Zarathustra, + -/r/n.] I. a. Of 
or pertaining to Zoroaster, the founder of the 
Mazdayasniau or ancient Persian religion ; re- 
lating to or connected with Zoroastrianism. 
H. n. Oneof the followers of Zoroaster, now 
represented by the Giiebers and Parsees of Per- 
sia and India ; a fire-worshiper. 
Zoroastrianism (z6-ro-as'tri-an-izm), M. [< Zm- 
roastrian + -ism.'] The system of religious 
doctrine taught by Zoroaster and his follow- 
ers in the Avesta; the religion prevalent in 
Persia till its overthrow by the Mohamme- _. .„ ^ 
dans in the seventh century, and still held Zostereae (zos-te'rJ-e), 
by the Guebers and Parsees, and commonly, 1841), < Zostera + -ct.] 
though incorrectly, called yire-(cor«/!ip. There ' ' " 
liglon Is dual, recognizing two creative powers 
Flowering Plant of Grass-wraclc or Eel-grass {Zostera marina) ; 
3, the spadix ; a, anther ; A, pistil ; c, fruit. 
. „ „ , . . -Ormuzd 
(AhuramazdaX the god of light and creator of all that 
is good, with six piincipal and innumerable inferior 
amshaspands, or ministei-b of good, and Ahriman (Angra- 
mainyas), the god of darkness and creator of evil, with a 
corresponding number of devs, or ministers of evil. Zo- 
roaster taught that Ormuzd created man witli free will ; 
that his state after death depends upon the preponderance 
of good or evil in his life, an intennediatc state being pro- 
vided for those in wliom these principles are evenly bal- 
anced ; and that I Irmuzd will finally prevail over Aliriman 
in the constant war between them, and redeem him and 
his ministers, as well as man, from all evil. 
Zoroastrism (zo-ro-as'trizm), «. [< L. Zoro- 
astres, Zoroaster, + -isni.'\ Same as Zoroastri- 
anism. [Rare.] 
All these alletjed facts conspire to prove that J? woajrfrwm 
and its .Scriptures had their origin In eastern Iran before 
the rise of Sledian or Persian dominion. 
^wi^r. Antiq., IX. 118. 
ZOrraCzor'a), «. [NL., < Sp. zorra, fem. of :orro, 
a fox.] A South American skunk: same as atok. 
zorrino (zo-ro'no), «. [Sp. Amer., dim. of Sp. 
zorro. fox.] A South American skunk. The 
skanks of the Xeotroplcal region belong to the same sub- 
family (MephUi)ue) as the others of America, but are ge- 
nerically different, and like the conepate. 
zorro (zor'6), n. [Sp., a fox.] One of the South 
American fox-wolves, as Cunis azarse. Encyr. 
Brit., XVIIL 353. 
ZOrziCO, n. [Basque.] A kind of song in quin- 
tuple or septuple rhythm common among the 
Basques. 
Zosmerldffi (zos-mer'i-de), n. pi. [NL. (Doug- 
las and Scott, 1865), < Zosmerus + -idee.'] A 
family of heteropterous insects, of the super- 
family Coreoidea, forming a transition between 
the Lyyseidie and the Tintjitidn; but by the 
structure of the abdomen more nearly related 
to the former than to the latter. It contains 
only the Old World genus Zosmerus. 
Z08mem8(zos'nie-rus). ti. [NL.(Laporte, 1833), 
irreg. < Gr. C","«, a girdle, < Cumivai, girdle.] A 
genus of Old World heteropterous insects, typi- 
cal of the family Zosmeridse. 
zoster (zos't^'r), n. [< Gr. (ucTr/fi, a girdle, < 
Cumivai, girdle: see zone.] 1. In aitc. Gr. cos- 
tume, & belt or girdle; originally, a waiTiors' 
belt ronnd the loins, afterward any girdle or 
zone, but chiefly one of a kind worn by men. 
The chiton . . . Is girt round under the hrt.-ast, to keep 
It from falling, by a girdle (zotUr). Encyc. Brit., VI. 4.53. 
2. Same as herpes zoster (which see, under her- 
pes). 
Zostera (zos-te'rij), «. [NL. (Linna!us, 1753), 
so called from the long tape-like leaves; < Gr. 
CiJor^p, a girdle : seezoster.] A genus of aquatic 
plants, of the order Naiadacex, type of the tribe 
Zostereee. It is characterized by monoecious flowers and 
as ffroit-wrack, also as turtle-ffrase, nceet-grau, and beU- 
ware; when dried, it is used, under the name of alva ma- 
rina, sea-sedge, or tea-hay, for stuffing mattresses and as 
bedding for horses. This, togetlier with the related Cymu- 
docea iequorea, constitutes the glazier's-seaweed of Eng- 
land, z. Tiana of Europe is known as dwar/ grass-wrack, 
ti. pi. [NL. (Kunth, 
A tribe of monocoty- 
ledonous plants, of the order Naiadacese. It is 
characterized by unisexual flowers on a flattened spadix 
without a perianth, and with a subulate or capillary 
stigma. The •> genera, Phyllospadix and Zostera (the type), 
are submerged grassy plants of sea-water, the former in- 
cluding -i species, both natives of the I'acitlc coast of the 
inited States. 
Zosterops (zos-te'rops), n. [NL. (Vigors and 
Horsfield, 1820), < Gr. i^uariip, a girdle, + ui^i, 
eye.] 1. A very extensive genus of Melipha- 
ffidie (also referred to the Dicseidm), giving 
name to the subfamily Zostcropiiiie, character- 
ized among related genera by the absence or 
Zunian 
tkeca.] In anc. arch., a niche or an alcove; also, 
a small living-room, or room used by day, as op- 
posed to a sleeping-room or dormitory. 
Zouave (zg-av'), n. [F., from the name of a 
tribe inhabiting Algeria.] 1. A soldier be- 
longing to a corps of light infantry in the 
French army, distinguished for their dash, in- 
trepidity, and hardihood, and for their peculiar 
drill and showy Oriental uniform. The Zouaves 
were oi-ganized in Algeria in 1831, and consisted at llrst of 
two battalions chictly of Kabylt-s and other natives, but 
ultimately became almost entirely French, with increased 
numbers. They served exclusively in Algeria till 1854, 
and afterwaid fought in European wars. 
2. A member of one of the volunteer regiments 
of the Union army in the American civil war 
(1861-5) which adopted the name and to some 
extent imitated the dress of the French Zou- 
aves — Papal or pontlflcal Zouaves, a co; ps of French 
soldiers organized at Home in 1860 for the defense of the 
temporal sovereignty of the Pope, under Gen. Lamorlcitre, 
one of the first conimanders of the Algerian Zouaves. 
After obstinately resisting the entrance of the Italian 
government into Eonie in 1870, they served in France 
against the Germans and the Commune, and in 1871 « ere 
disbanded. 
Zouave-jacket (zo-av'jak"et), n. 1. A short 
jacket, not reaching to the waist, cut away in 
front: a part of the Zouave uniform. — 2. A 
similar jacket, usually ornamented, with or 
without sleeves, worn by women. 
zounds (zoundz), iiiterj. [For '.mounds, abbr. 
of God's wounds, refeiTing to the wounds of 
Christ on the cross ; one of the innumerable 
oaths having reference to Christ's passion.] 
An exclamation formerly used as an oath or as 
an expression of anger or wonder. 
Zounds, sir I then I insist on yourquitting the room di- 
rectly. Sheridan, School for Scandal, v. 3. 
ZOUtch (zouch), t'. f. [Origin obscure.] To stew, 
as flounders, whitings, gudgeons, eels, etc., with 
just enough of liquid to cover them. [Prov. 
Eng.] 
Zr. In chetti., the symbol for zirconium. 
ZUCchetta (tsiik-ket'tS), n. [It. zucchetta, a 
small gourd, a skullcap, dim. of zitcca, a 
gourd.] 1. lufhejiom. Cath. Ch.. the skullcap 
of an ecclesiastic, covering the tonsure. That 
of a priest is black, of a bishop purple, of a car- 
dinal red, and of the Pope white. Also written 
zucchetto. — 2. A late form of burganet, dis- 
tinguished by having a movable nasal, hinged 
cheek-pieces, and an articulated couvre nuque. 
Tasmania, and most of the Polyuesian islands, including i7„i,, /.,;;m;;i ,, ,,„a „ 
New Zealand. The bill is about as long as the head. iiU-lu (Zo 10), )(. ana a. 
straight, and broad at the base. The pattern of colora- can.] 1. n. A membe 
^ . patti 
tion is characteristic, consisting of olives and yellows as 
the ground-colors, and the diagnostic white eye-ring of 
moat species. The sexes are alike in plumage. The size 
is very small, only 4 or 5 Iriche.*. About 83 species are 
recognized as valid. The type Is Z. cxrulescens, of Aus- 
si)uriou3 character of the first primary, and zufolo, zuffolo (zo'fo-16), n. [It. zufolo, <zu- 
named from the couspieuous orbital ring of folare, hiss, wliistle.'] A little flute or flageo- 
most of its members. The genus is now held to let, especially such as is used in teaching birds, 
cover a number of forms which have been made types of Zuggun falcon See falcon 
several (iiljont 8) other genera. They are known as icAite- z„isTn n The Americnn wid^enn Vnrern nmeri 
eyes and sUver-eyes. The range of the genus in this broad '"ISl". „ . V ? , f, • . , o^^^ ?^' , ^t ""If'^'' 
sense is very extensive, embracing most of Africa, all of <:<'»a- " clister's Diet., 1890. [Local, U. S.] 
India. Ceylon, Burma, China, and Japan, the Malay Pe- ZUleS, ZUlis, ». In her., a chess rook used as 
ninsula and Archipelago, the Papuan Islands, Australia, a bearin" 
[Also Zooloo; S. Afri- 
member of a warlike and supe- 
rior branch of the Kafir race of South Africa, 
divided into many tribes, in the beginning of the 
nineteentli century several tribes of Zulus established a 
kingdom including the present British culony of Natal and 
the country north of it called Zululand, which was broken 
up and mostly absorlied by I he British and the Boera dur- 
ing a succession of wars eliding in 1883. 
II. a. Of or pertaining to the Zulus : as, the 
Zulu, language (a principal member of the Bantu 
group of languages) or government Zulu cloth, 
a fine twilled woolen cloth used as a background for em- 
broider.v. Ditt. o/ Xeedlewt.rk. 
Zulu-Kafir (zo'lo-kaf'<-r), II. Same as Kafir, 3. 
ZUinbooruk(zuin'bo-ruk), II. [Who zumhooruck, 
zomhoruk; zaiiiioorak; < Hind. Pers. Ar. eani- 
hiiruk, < Turk. zaiiihUrak, a small gun, dim. of 
Ar. zainhur, a hornet.] A small cannon mount- 
ed on a swivel, usually shorter and with larger 
bore than the zingal. in English writings the name 
is especially applied to such a piece carried on a camel, 
the pivot wliicli supports it being erected on the saddle 
in front of the rider. 
Eighteen or twenty camels, cap,irisoned in the Rajah's 
colours of rerl and white, with zontbortiks, or swivel guns, 
mounted on tlieir backs. 
W. //. Rmiell, Diary in India, II. 237. 
zumic ("zii'mik), a. An improper form of zi/mic. 
tralia, the Chatham Islands, and New Zealand, the ceru- ZUmologic, ZumolOgV, etc. Same as ziliiioldoic, 
lean creeper, and rusty-sided warbler of the older orni- etc. 
Sllvereye or White-eye {,Zostrrops cstrultscens . 
thologists. 
of Latham. 
(Reunion). Z. mauritiana is the Maurice warbler of Mau- 
ritius. Z. luyuhris, Z. borfjouica. Z. chluraiwta, Z. ,faUax, 
Z. leucophiea, Z. rnuelleri, Z. Jinse/ii, and Z. senegalengis 
have severally been made types of other genera. Some 
of these birds have been placed in IHcfeum. and are 
.?. mndasngcariom* is the white-eyed warbler ij^Tit i„a'„„^\ ta ti-i> t. a 
Z. ulivaeea is the olive creeper of Bourljon ^"^1 (zo nye), n. [Amer. Ind.] A member of 
■ " ■■ the best-known community or tribe of the semi- 
civilized Pueblo Indians of New Mexico, living 
in a village of the same name on the Zuiii river, 
composed of large communal houses. 
among those known to the French ornithologists as «imt- ZUUiaU (zo ni-an), a. and n. [< Zufli + -an.] 
mangas. 
2. [/. c] Any bird of this genus. 
^./..v... . H.. ^„ la liujiin*; Lei lieu u\ iiiuiiijecious iiowcns aiiu .^ / - i-i -/i ■• \ f i, / -\ r ^ 
ovoid carpels. The 4 species are natives of marine waters ZOtUeca (zp-tlie ka), II.; pi. zothecx (-se). [< 
of both the Old and the New World. They grow immersed Gr. iutii/K>/, < (i/f, live, + Oi/K//, a receptacle: see 
I. «. Of or pertaining to the Zuilis. 
All the Zuflian clay efflgies of owls have horns on their 
heads. Scienee, VI. 2(lfl. 
II. w. A Zuiii. 
