zunyite 
7044 
Znnyite (zii'm-it), H. [< Z««»(seeaef.) + -J<e2.] zygal (zi'gal), a. l<zyg-oii + -ah] 1. Of or 
A nuosilicate of aluminium, occurring in glassy i-;-;-— * ~ «* ■.- " .-« « 
transparent tetrahedral crystals of the hard- 
ness of quartz : found at the Zuni mine in Colo- 
rado. 
zurf (z6rf), n. Same as ear/. 
zwanziger (tswan'tsi-g^r), n. [G., < zwanzig, 
twenty.] A silver coin of Austria of the nine- 
teenth century, equivalent to 20kreutzers, and zygantnini(zi-gan'trum),«.; pl.ri/(/a«*ra(-trii) 
pertaining to a zygon ; connecting, as a yoke. 
— 2. Formed like the letter H, with a cross- 
bar connecting two other bars. See zygon. 
Tlie frequency of the zygal or H-sliaped form of Assure 
[of the brain]. 
Buck's Handbook of Med. Sciences, VIII. 125. 
[Kare in both uses.] 
worth 8| pence English (about 17 cents). TNL.. < Gr. Cvyov, voke, + aiiTpov, cave.] In 
zwieselite (tswe'zel-it), n. [< Zwiesel (see def.) 
-1- -ite^.'] A variety of triplite found near Zwie- 
sel in Bavaria. 
Zwinglian (zwing'- or tswing'gli-an), a. and n. 
[< Zicingli (see def.) + -«)(.] I. (i. Of or per- 
taining to Ulrich (Huldreieh) Zwingli (1484- 
1531), a Swiss religious reformer, or his doc- 
trines. Zwiiigli's revolt from the Roman commuuiou 
took place at Ziirioh in 1016, a year before Luther's, with 
whom lie differed in denying tlie real presence in the eu- 
charist in any sense, and upon other points. 
II, «. A follower of Zwingli. 
Zygadenus (zi-gad'e-nus), «. [NL. (Richard, 
1803 ), named from the conspicuous pair of glands 
at the base of the sepals in Z. glaberrimus ; < 
Gr. Cdjov, a yoke, -I- ddi/v, gland.] A genus of 
liliaceous plants, of the tribe Feratrex. It is , - „ 
characterized by pedicelled flowers with a flattish peri- alone. (compare 
anth nearly equaled in its length by the stamens, and cut under sygo- 
narrow angled seeds without prominent wings. The 10 gphene. 
'S::iS^^'-^^^1^^^^..SJ^ , The anterior surface of the arch above the neuralcanal 
ro" tst Tck or a coated bulb, producing an erect stem un- is produced into a strong wedge-shaped zygosphene, which 
branched beneath the terminal race.Se or panicle, which At^ 'nto a correspondn.g zygantrum of the next preced ng 
consrsts of numerous whitish or greenish flowers. The vertebra, and on the posterior surface of the arch there 
10 g linear leaves are radical or crowded toward the base « a zygantrum for the zygosphene of the next preceding 
of the stem. The poisonous root of Z. venenosus of the (read succeeding] vertebra. Huxley, Anat Vert., p. 201. 
northwestern United States is known as deuiAcomoss and zveaDOtjhvslal (zi-ffat)-6-fiz'i-al), «. [< ZiKia- 
as/iosr's potato, being innocuous to hogs and greedily eaten f°„,f„J,, 1 „, -i^ Ki nr'tiPi-taniiTKr to a 7Vffa- 
by them. Z. ylau,-us extends northward to Kotzebue popliysis -t- -nj.J Ut or peuaining 10 a zyga 
Sound. Z. glaberritmis and Z. leimanthoides, sometimes pophysis; articular, as a vertebral jiroeess. 
referred to Amiaiitldum, are tall wand-like species with zygapophysis (zi-ga-pof'i-sis), •«. ; pi. zyga- 
couspicuous white or cream-colored compound racemes, popliyscs (-sez). [NL., < Gr. Cf)"'', yoke, + 
[NL., < Gr. t^vy&v, yoke, + avTpov, cave.] 
herpet., the fossa 
upon the posterior 
face of the neural 
arch of a vertebra 
of serpents and 
some lizards, for 
the reception of 
the zygosphene of 
a succeeding ver- 
tebra, the series 
of vertebree being 
more effectively 
interlocked there- 
by than is ac- 
complished by 
Posterior face of a dorsal vertebra of 
zygoite 
of osphradia or olfactory tracts, paired neph- 
ridia of unequal size, and distinct sexes. As an 
ordinal group, it contains the ormers or sea-ears, the pleu- 
rotomarioida, the keyhole-limpets, and the true limpets, 
and is divided into Ctenidiobrawhiata and PhyUidiobran- 
ckiata (the latter being the Fateltidie alone). Also called 
Zeugobranchia, Zygobranehia. See cuts under abalvTie, 
Fissurellidse, Patella, patdU/orm, Pleurotomaria, Pleuro- 
tomariidx, and sea-ear. 
zygobranchiate (zi-go-brang'kl-at), a. and n. 
[< NL. "zygohranclUa'tus, < Gr. C,vy6v, yoke, + 
jipayxia, gills: see branchiate.'] I. a. Having 
paired and as it were yoked gills or ctenidia, as 
certain mollusks ; having the characters of or 
pertaining to the Zygobranehinta ; zygobranch. 
II. «. Any member of the Zygohranchiata. 
zygocardiac (zi-go-kar'di-ak), a. [< Gr. ^v}dv, 
yoke, + KapiVia = "Ei. heart : see cardiac] Not- 
ing a certain hard protuberance of the stomach 
of a crustacean, formed by a thickening of the 
ehitinous lining of the cardiac division (in the 
crawfish an elongated posterolateral ossicle, 
connected with the lower end of the antero- 
lateral ossicle, and passing upward and back- 
ward to become continuous with the pyloric 
ossicle): correlated yn\h itterocardiac and uro- 
cardiac. 
process ; 
canal i 
trum. 
lieura'l spine; tic, neural 
convex posterior face of cen- 
resemliling the black cohosh. 
zygadite (zig'a-dit), »i. [< Gr. l^vydSTfp, jointly, 
< Ci'/ oi'i a yoke : seeyol-e^.] A variety of albite, 
occuiTing in thin tabular twin crystals: it is 
found at Andi-easberg in the Harz. 
Zygaena (zi-je'na), «. [NL. (Fabricius, 1775), 
< Gr. ivyaiva, supposed to mean the hammer- 
headedshark.] 1. In CMtom., a genus of moths, 
typical of the family Zygsenidse, the species of 
which are known as burnet-moths, as Z. mitios, 
the transparent burnet; Z. trifolii, the five- 
spotted burnet; Z. lonicerse, the narrow-bor- 
dered burnet; Z. fiUpendulie, the six-spotted 
burnet ; etc. It was at first coextensive with the fam- 
ily, but now includes only those forms that have the an- 
tennie clavitorm, a little longer than the body; the wings 
elongate, and spotted; the palpi short, hairy, and acute; 
and the larvre contracted, stout, hairy, and transforming in 
a fusiform parchment-like cocoon. Nearly 100 species are 
known, of wliicli 52 occur in Europe, the others in Asia 
and Africa ; 26 are British. Tlie larva; are remarkable in Zvenema (zie-ne'ma), n. [NL. (Kutzing, 1843) 
iri'eg. < Gr. Cvyov, yoke, -I- vijua, thread.] A 
genus of fresh-water alga?, typical of the or- 
hibeniating in the half-gi-own condition. Some entomol 
ogists change tlie name to Anthrocera, because it is the 
same as the genus Zygsena in ichthyology ; but this is 
a mistake, for entomology has the prior claim upon the 
name, and it is the genus of fishes that should not be 
named Zygtfna. 
2. In ichth., a genus of sharks, so named by 
Ouvier in 1817; the hammerheads: now 
Sphyrna (which see). See cut under hammer 
head. 
zygaenid (zi-je'nid), a. and re. I. a. In entom. 
and ichth., of or pertaining to the ZygienidsB, 
as a moth or a shark. masses. See cuts under cMorophyl and cmijugation. 
II. re. A member of the family Zygeenidse, Zygnemacese (zig-ne-ma'se-e), w. 2)1. [NL., 
+V>« 77Tr(*Qr»/^nVi\-fl£ic the python, showing rn, the zygantrum : fuiuiuv. 
lUe ^Jgapopujseb ^,^, postzygapophysis ; If, transverse ZVCOdaCtvl. ZVEOdaCtVle (zl-gO-dak til), «. and 
„,„„„ n o,.. nrocess: „,. neural soine: „r. neural ^fSOa^ ^l.' *f^,odaclytUS,< Gr. ^V^dv, Vokc, + 
(SaxTD/lof, finger, toe.] I. a. In oriiith., yoke- 
toed : noting those birds, or the feet of those 
birds, which have the toes disposed in pairs, 
two before and two behind. In all yoke-toed birds, 
excepting the trogons, it is the outer anterior toe which 
is reversed ; in trogons, the inner anterior one. See cut 
under pair-toed and parrot, 
II. re. A yoke-toed bird; a bird having the 
toes arranged in pairs. 
Zygodactyla (zi-go-dak'ti-la), n. pi. [NL. 
(Brandt, 1835), fem. of "zygodactylus : see zygo- 
dactylotis.'] 1 . A genus of acalephs, of the family 
jlSquoreidae. It includes some large jellyfishes, 6 or 8 
inches in diameter, with long violet streamers, found in 
the north Atlantic waters. 
3. A section of pachydermatous mammals, cor- 
responding to the fiuidx in a broad sense; the 
swine. The name implied the cloven hoof of these ani- 
mals, in distinction from the solidungiilatc or multun- 
gulate hoof of the quadrupeds with which swine were 
formerly classed as Pachydermata. See Artiadactyta 
(with cut). 
Zygodactylse(zi-go-dak'ti-le), M.2>J. [NL.: see 
Zygodactyla.] A group of arborieole non-pas- 
serine birds whose toes are yoked in pairs, two 
before and two behind: synonymous with Scayi- 
«0>'es (which see). The group is artificial, being framed 
with reference to the single character expressed in tlie 
name, insistence ui>on which brings together some birds 
which belong to different orders, as Psittaci and Picaria, 
separates the picaiian families wliicli are not yoke-toed 
from their near relatives which are yoke-toed, and ignores 
the exceptional zygodactylisni of the trogons. Various 
attempts — as by Blytli (1849X Sundevall (1872X and Sclater 
(188(1) — to restrict the name to apart of the birds it oiigi- 
iially designated, and retain it in the system in a stricter 
sense, have not teen entirely successful. Also Zygodactyli. 
(nrofvai^. process: see apophysis.] A process 
upon the neural arch of a vertebra correspond- 
ing to that called oblique or articular in hu- 
man anatomy, provided with a facet for ar- 
ticulation with the same process of a preceding 
or succeeding vertebra, thus serving to inter- 
lock the series of vertebral arches. There are 
normally two pairs of zygapophyses to a vertebra, the two 
processes (right and left) which are situated upon the an- 
terior border of any arch being called prezygajmphyses, 
and those upon the posterior border, poslzygapophyses. 
Each pair of any one vertebra articulates with the other 
pair of the next vertebra. See cuts under cervical, dor- 
sal, endoskeleton, hypapophysis, lumbar, vertebra, zygan- 
truvi, and zygosphene. 
zygite (zi'git), re. [Also erroneously zeugite; < 
Gr. CvyiTTjQ, < (,v)6v, yoke, cross-beam, thwart: 
see zygon.] In Gr. antiq., an oarsman of the 
second or middle tier in a trireme. Compare 
thranite and thulamite. 
fler Zygnemaceif, having cells witli two axile zygodactyle, «. and re. Seezygodaciyl. 
many-rayed chlorophyl-bodies near tlie central zygodactyllC (zi"go-dak-til ik), a. [< zygodac- 
„j K.r cell-nucleus, each containing a Starch-granule, iyl + -ic.] isameaszygodactyt. 
toul and the zygospore undivided, mostly contract- zygodaetylism (zi-go-^ak ,ti-lizm). h. [< zygo- 
?,fi,l, ed, and developed in the middle space be- '''."'{f + I'V"-^ ^he yoking of the toes of a 
mmei- ^^.'^^^ ^^^ ^^^^^^ pairing-cells or in one or the laird's foot m anterior and posterior pairs; the 
other of the eonjugating-cells. Several of the spe- zy godactyl character or condition of a bird or 
cies are among the commonest of fresh-water algaj in both its toes. 
stagnant and running water, forming tlense bright-green zygodactylOUS (zi-go-dak ti-lus), fl. [< zygo- 
••-'-' '•■ ■ dactyl + -011.9.] Sajne a,s zygodactyl. 
whether in entomology or in ichthyology. 
Also zygcnid, zygssitoid. 
Zygaenidse (zi-je'ni-de), re. pi. [NL. (Leach, 
1819), < Zygsena, 1, -I- -idse.] 1. In entom., a fam- 
ily of hawk-moths, named from the genus Zy- 
gsena: also wrongly called Anthroceridse. The 
"faniily comprises a more or less definite and characteris- 
tic series of moths intermediate between the Bombycidx 
Zifgnema + -acese.] A very distinct order of 
fresh-water algse. of the class Conjugatse. The 
individual consists of a usually simple and iinbranched Ilia- 
Zygodon (zl'go-don), re. [< Gr. C^jtSv, yoke, + 
u(hi( (iidovT-) ~ E. tooth.] In zoiil., same as Zcii- 
glodon, 1. Oicen. 
zygodont (zi'go-dont), a. [< Gr. C'T oi'. yoke, + 
diffused or of a definite form, often forming a spiral band. 
Propagation is by means of zoospores which result from 
conjugation. See Conjugatse, conjugation (with cut), and 
cut under chlorophyl. 
and the Castniidte. By most modern authors a section ZvCUeilieS (zig-ne'me-e) n pi. [NL., (. Zytf- 
of the old family Zygieiiidx is separated into a family f ° , \' ^ . aiilVfim'ilv or tribe of fre'sh- 
Anarislidie. Tlie Zyrjmnidie proper have pectinate an- "<^"'" + -<■«• J A SUDiamuy 01 uioe oi ireisu 
water algee, of the order Zygncmacese, charac- 
ment of cells placed end to end, and the individuals are ^fp.rrr^ \^'-c< *„„'<;, i V«*;^X «,„"io« ♦dtl, 
joined ill filamentous families. The chloropliyl-mass is "''o'!: (o(5or--) = E. tooth.] Noting molar teeth 
igaristidse. The Zygieiildie proper have P' 
teniite, rather narrow wings rounded at the tip, and a vena- 
tion similar to the arctians. Their larvse are short, hairy, 
and transform in cocoons composed entirely of silk or 
mainly of hair. The European forms belong mainly to 
Zygtena. while the principal American genera are Procris, 
whose even number of cusps are paired and as 
it were yoked together; having such niolai-s, as 
a mammal or a type of dentition. 
It is thus probable that tiigonodontie is to be regarded 
as an earlier and more primitive form of molar than those 
of the ziigodont (quadrituberciilar) type. 
Amer. Xaturalist, XXII. S32. 
2. In iciith.. a family of sharks, named from the 
genus Zygsena: now called Sphyrnidse (which 
see). See cut under hammerhead. 
zygsenine (zi-je'nin), a. [< Zygsena + -!«cl.] 
In ichth.. same as zygsenid. 
Zygaenoid fzi-je'noid), a. and n. [< Zygsena -\- 
-oiil.] Same as zygsenid. 
terized by having a mostly contracted, undi- gygogompMa (zi-go-gom'fi-il). re. ;./. [NL.. < 
ditlrs'ra'glrm-cen"" " " tl^Ty^v^okJ, {yl.lo,, gj nde/-tootl] In 
develops into a germ ceil. ^ _^ Ehrenberg's classification, a division of rotifers. 
[Ogramma (zi-go-gram'S), n. [NL. (Chev- 
,at, 1843), < Gr.'Cvjtit', yoke, + ipdfi/Ja, let- 
] 1. A notable genus of chrysomelid bee- 
tles, comprising about 70 American species, 
mainly from South America and Mexico. By 
most American coleopterists it is considered a subgenus 
of Chrysoniela, from the typical forms of which it is sepa- 
rated by the possession of a tooth on the last tarsal joint. 
2. A genus of reptiles. Cope. 1870. 
II. re. A zygobranchiate mollusk 
Zygobranehia (zi-go-brang'ki-a), re. p/. [NL. : 
see zygobranch.] Same as Zygobranchiata. 
ZygotrancWata (zi-go-brang-ki-a'tii), re. pi 
[NL., neut. pi. of *zygobranc1datiis : see zygo- 
branchiate.] An order or suborder of Gas 
tropoda, having paired gill-combs, or right and zygoite (zi'go-it), re. [< Gr. fujor, yoke, + -ite^.] 
left ctenidia, symmetrically disposed in the An organism resulting from the process of zy- 
pallial chamber on each side of the neck, a pair gosis or conjugation. 
