FAULTS AND FOLDS. 187 
So wo have selected, for purposes of discussion here, six great displace 
ments the Paria Fold, the Eastern Kalbab Fault, the Western Kaibab 
Fault, the To-r.o'-weap Fault, the Hurricane Ledge Fault, and the Grand 
Wash Fault. Let us review them in reverse order, and examine the lines of 
cliffs to which they give rise, and the table lands which they divide. (See 
bird's-eye view, Figure 72.) 
We will start at the Grand Wash, half a dozen miles north of the river. 
Here the summit of the Carboniferous rocks is deeply buried beneath sand 
stones and shales of later origin. At the start we are but five or six hun 
dred feet above the level of the Colorado, and we climb by a gentle slope 
several miles in length, until we reach an altitude of six or eight hundred 
feet above the starting point, and are at the foot of the Grand Wash Cliffs. 
Now we must climb this great wall, one thousand five hundred or one thou 
sand eight hundred feet high; no easy task, as it is not a mountain slope, up 
which we can walk, but a wall, broken somewhat with gulches, and set with 
narrow benches, or shelves, here and there, and up some one of these gulches 
and along the narrow shelves we pass, until we reach the summit of the first 
great terrace. 
Still we go a short distance to the east, and must climb another thou 
sand feet, or more, and we are on the Shi' -wits Plateau This last escarp- 
. ment of a thousand feet is not due to a fault, but is a line of cliffs formed 
by erosion. On the plateau there is a dead volcano, and from its crater 
have poured floods of basalt in great sheets, which now stand as a central 
and higher table on the plateau. 
We go on to the east thirty miles. It is not an easy way, but we stop 
not here to describe it, and we arrive at the foot of the Hurricane Ledge. We 
have descended a little, for the Shi' -wits Plateau inclines, or dips, from its 
western margin to the foot of this ledge, or line of cliffs. The Hurricane 
Ledge is more than two thousand feet high, and we have another hard climb. 
It is related that a storm overtook a party of Mormon officials while 
attempting to explore a route for a wagon road up a gulch which comes 
down from the upper country, and hence its name, Hurricane Ledge. 
It presents a bold, precipitous wall to the west, which forms, along its 
entire course, an impassable barrier to the traveler, except that here and 
