224 FOOD PRODUCTS AND CHEMICALS AT 
market with bromine until lately, but we find that Mr. Edward Stan- 
ford includes this element amongst his products. Mr. Stanford's process 
•for working seaweed is illustrated by a series of specimens exhibited 
by the British Seaweed Company (United Kingdom, 13). This process, 
although of modern date, is well known to the chemical public. The 
systems generally used in working kelp are still of the old crude and 
primitive style. In most of the methods, about one-half of the iodine 
contained in the seaweed is volatilised. We look upon Mr. Stanford's 
method as the first one which has been at all successfully worked with 
a view to prevent this. He incinerates the seaweed enclosed in iron 
retorts, and by this means saves a large number of bye-products, the 
result of the destructive distillation of the organic matter. But he also 
aims at a further yield of the iodine. A glance at the semi-fused 
lump of kelp in the French department will bring forcibly before us the 
advantages of this process. Another company, the Marine Salts Com- 
pany of Ireland (United Kingdom, 28), lately started, also exhibits a 
series illustrative of a new method of making iodine. 
There are not many general collections of chemicals ; but one that 
requires special mention is that of Henner and Co. (Switzerland, 1). 
This comprises technical products, photographic and rare organic 
chemicals. Some of the latter were examined by one of the jury (Dr. 
Maxwell Simpson), and found to be what might be termed very fair 
commercial specimens. As he remarks, it offers great facilities to 
original research, that such substances can be procured in quantities and 
at reasonable prices. Amylene (C 5 Hi ) was one of the products 
examined. " Almost the entire quantity I took," says Dr. Simpson, 
u distilled over between 35° to 45° cent. The distillate, on being agi- 
tated with a solution of chloride of iodine, yielded chlor-iodide of amy- 
lene (C«H 10 C1L), a new body, an account of which has not yet been 
published. The iodide of allyle (C 8 H 5 I) is also a good product, the 
greater part distilled over between 100° to 106° cent. ; on being agitated 
with metallic mercury, it became a mass of yellow crystals, the mercuro- 
iodide of allyle [(C 3 H 6 ) Hg 2 I]. The butylic alcohol distilled over 
between 104° to 120° cent., and treated with iodine and phosphorus 
yielded iodide of butyle, the boiling point of which was about 121° 
cent." Another case of great interest is that of Dr. Schuchardt, Silesia 
(Zollverein, 16). This collection is of a more special character. The 
contents consist of chemicals used in glass-staining. He also exhibits a 
siccative, specimens of which will also be found exhibited by Candiani 
and Co., Milan (Italy, 26). This is borate of manganese, two ounces of 
which are said to render drying one cwt. of oil. The last two cases are, 
in the reporter's opinion, especially worthy of note. In connection with 
the Zollverein department, the watch oils have been individualised by 
a medal to each exhibitor. Some examined by the reporter were found 
to consist of pure and very neutral olein. Submitted to a long and con- 
tinuous temperature of cent., these oils became viscid, but not the 
