OF THE BIJNOUR FOREST. 287 
that the latter, which is said to give name to the Soonderbunds, and of 
which large part of the supply for coach-builders in the N. W. j>rovinces 
comes up as masts in Calcutta-built boats, was the toughest wood experi- 
mented on by Baker, a six feet bar, two inches square, only breaking with 
1,030 lbs. 
84. Leea aspera, Wall, kumald. An herbaceous plant with an edible 
fruit, not common outside the Siwaliks. 
85. Luffa amara, Rox : Unddl. The fruit of this bitter wild gourd 
is collected for use in veterinary medicine. 5 seers 1/ — . 
86. Melia Azadirachta, L. {Azadirachta Indica, A. de. Jus :) mm, 
neem. This well-known small tree which is common, planted in the 
open plain, is doubtfully wild at one or two places in the forest, but not 
in sufficient quantity to be economically of value. In Bengal, its timber 
is said to be especially used in the manufacture of idols as it is so bitter 
that no insect will attack it. 
87. Mimosa rulicaulis, Lam : kinglz, kingrei. A straggling, very 
prickiy shrub, not uncommon in the inner part of the forest. 
88. Moringa pterosperma, Gosrt : senjTia, soojna. The " horse-radish 
tree" is common, planted in the open plain, and abundant wild all over 
the forest The natives say its wood " is not fit even for burning," but 
its fruit is eaten, cooked as a vegetable or in curries. From incisions in 
its bark a gum exudes plentifully within a day or two ; this is collected 
for export to be used in medicine. Here one man can gather five seers 
a day, for which the dealers' agents give him — II. 1 maund — /4 ; 16 
seers 1/ — i. 
89. Morns parvifolia, Royle, (tootree). The small wild mulberry tree 
of the open plain, is very rare or absent in the forest. 
90. Navbdea cordifolia, Rox : haldu, huldoo. This magnificent tree, 
the trunk of which is frequently buttressed like that of the semul (No. 
20), though not so abundant here as to the east of the Ramgunga, is or 
has been common over all the inner portion of the forest. Its smooth- 
fibred yellow timber is not much valued, but is used for planks, boxes, 
keels of boats, combs, writing-tablets, &c. Cart load — 18 to 3/ — . 
91. N. parvifolia, Rox : keim, kangei. This tree, which is occasion- 
ally seen out in the open plain, and whose dark smoothish bark peels 
off in irregular patches having the fresh light grey exposed, is not 
uncommon throughout the forest. Here the timber is used for similar 
purposes to that of the last, and is not much valued. Cart load — /6 ; 10 
maunds 1/ — . 
92. Nerium odorum, Aitk : kaner. The oleander, well known in 
cultivation seems here to find its eastern limit for growing wild near the 
plains level. It just touches the skirt of this district at the mouth of 
the Kothri Doon in which it is abundant. Further east, it is only found 
at some distance within the hills in Kumaon and Nepal. Far to the 
vol. vi. s s 
