THE TECHNOLOGIST. 
THE TIMBER TREES AND USEFUL PLANTS OF THE 
BLJNOUR FOREST, HIMALAYAS. 
BY DR. J. L. STEWART, CIVIL SURGEON. 
(Concluded from page 391.) 
118. Shorea ruhusta, Rox : sal, said, kanddr. I shall allude more 
fully hereafter to this tree which produces the second best timber in 
India. Outside the Siwaliks it only exists in restricted patches, and 
does not grow luxuriantly. The timber is reddish coloured, close-grained, 
even-fibered, and heavy, and is stronger than teak, but is said to be less 
durable. Sleeper, 1/8 to 2/ — . Its sp. gr. is over l'OOO and Baker found 
a six feet bar two inches square break with 1,238 lbs. With careful 
seasoning it is an invaluable timber for all purposes requiring strength, 
and excels all others for gun-carriages. Crushers of sugar-mills are 
sometimes made from it but are said to last ouly half as long as those 
made of tamarind. Its bark is occasionally employed by tanners and a 
resin (ral) exudes from the bark which is burned as incense in Hindoo 
temples (and in ship-building yards is used as pitch). This resin does 
not appear to be abundant or to be collected even in the Doons near 
this, and the bazaars are said to be supplied from " the East." 3 Seers 
1/ — . From the resin, in Shahabad, an aromatic oil (choya) is procured 
by dry distillation. 
119. Sizgium, Jambolanum, D. C. jaman, (and a variety jamawa ?) a 
tree with a smooth, light coloured bark, common, planted in groves in 
the open plain for its fruit, and not uncommon in the forest. Its timber 
is tolerably good, and used for planks, and domestic purposes. 4jx^ yd. 
—/8. 
In Bengal and the Peninsula, the bark is used to dye brown, and in 
Bombay a gum like kino is extracted from the bark. 
120. S. venulosum, Royle ? rdijdman. I hardly think this handsome 
tree grows outside the Siwaliks so far west as this. 
VOL. vi. x x 
