408 THE TIMBER TREES AND USEFUL PLANTS 
121. Solanum verbascifolium, L. asega (asheta). A large shrub with 
curious mealy-looking leaves, which is very rare outside the Siwaliks. 
In Southern India the plant is cultivated for its berries which are used 
in curries. 
122. Spondias mangifera, Pers. : dmdra dmabdra. Rarely found 
outside the Siwaliks and innermost part of the belt. 
The timber is worthless. The fruit which is compared to a particularly 
bad turpentiny mango, is eaten by natives and made into pickle (kahtdi). 
Various parts of the tree are in the south of India used in medicine. 
123. Sponia Wiglitii, Planch : Joun (Jchumrod). A small tree with 
very rough leaves common but only locally in some parts of the forest 
and mostly found near streams. To the eastward and in Southern India, 
the leaves are used instead of sand-paper to polish wood and horn. 
124. Sterculia villosa, Rox : uddla. A small tree abundant at some 
places in the innermost part of the belt. Here, as elsewhere, a strong 
rope is made from the fibre of its bark, after a process of steeping and 
beating. In the south of the peninsula, elephant ropes are made of this, 
and in Bombay the fibre is employed for making bagging. 
125. S. Wallichii, G. Don. bodula. Hardly extends outside the 
Siwaliks. Ropes are made from its bark also. 
126. Tamarindus Indica, L. imli. The tamarind tree has properly 
speaking no business in a list of the plants of this forest as it nowhere 
grows wild near this, but on account of the excellence of its timber for 
special purposes it deserves some mention. The tree is well known in 
cultivation, being grown chiefly on account of the pulp of its fruit which 
is used both as food, and in medicine*. The timber is finely veined, hard, 
heavy and strong, and is applied to various uses, such as for making 
naves, clod crushers, door-frames, &c, but is particularly valued as the 
best and most lasting wood for both parts (cliuran and TcoTilu) of sugar 
and oil mills. Kohlu up to 5 — . 
127. Terminalia Better ica, Rox : Mhera. A large tree, with bark 
tesselated by longitudinal and transverse furrows and cracks ; not un- 
common throughout, and most frequent in the inner part of the belt. 
The timber is used for planks, &c, but is not valued. Cart load — /5. 
4i + /|yds. 1/2. 
The fruit which appears to be a favourite food of the Senmopithecus 
(lajigur) is largely collected, chiefly for use in dying and tanning. 1£ 
maunds, 1/ — . The leaves also are employed by tanrers, Cart load — /6., 
and in various parts of India different parts of the tree are used medici- 
nally. 
128. T. Chebula, Retz : har harrd, Not uncommon in the inner part 
of the forest ; the timber is of no value. 
The fruit, which here is larger and finer than that which comes from 
the hills, is collected for export, to be used in medicine and by dyers. 
One man will collect one, or one and a half annas worth a day, the 
