418 THK TIMBER TREES AND USEFUL PLANTS 
very large. It may be found that hitherto, the comparative amount ex- 
pended on the internal forest roads has been smaller than it might have 
been, as the prospect of immediate or even direct return from them is 
not at once apparent, but perhaps in future more may be done in this 
direction. 
The views as to future management deducible from the above re- 
marks may be easily and briefly summarized. 
1 . Without indulging in the fertile hope of ever seeing any very large 
proportion of the forest cultivated which, were it possible, does not 
seem very desirable, so long as there is untilled land elsewhere in the 
Zillah, it is nevertheless an object to foster cultivation from either edge. 
That on the inner border and on the canals supplied from it, appears 
already to have rendered its profitable maximum or nearly so, and that 
outside will practically be limited by the the extent of capabilities for 
irrigation, at least until an absolute dearth of land for cultivation in 
healthier spots causes part of the non-productive dry forest to be re- 
claimed. From all I can learn, just as in the Kumaon Bhabur, from 
the fact of the typical Tarai being more fully developed there, and tole- 
rably large streams being more abundant along its inner borders, the 
evils of the Sub-Siwalik tract were greater than here, so these very cir- 
cumstances render its reclamation and consequent situation much more 
extensively feasible than to the west of the Eamgunga. 
2. The adoption of some system of conservation for even the smaller 
tracts and steeps of s&l. 
3. The careful selection, when possible, of respectable men with 
some capital as lessees, as they will probably be more amenable to rule 
and much less likely by indiscriminate cutting to exhaust the capabili- 
ties of the forest, especially in regard to bamboo, wherever it is found. 
4. A large expenditure on the internal forest-roads, in particular the 
longitudinal Sub-Siwalik one, and the main transverse lines. 
5. And last, as the railway lines approach, the adoption of some 
manageable system by which ^ or ^ only should be each year liable to 
wood-cutting and above all burning. 
I fear that this paper with so many details that are often perhaps 
more curious than useful may give rise to the exclamation "Ohmonstrous ! 
but one half-pennyworth of bread to this intolerable deal of sack !" but 
in collecting the information necessary for it, I gradually came to the 
conclusion that the best way to treat it was to do so as fully as possible. 
And this for two reasons (1) no previous attempt has, so far as I know, 
been made to deal with the whole Sub-Siwalik tract, and (2) some of 
the topics treated of which may seem at first sight to have no very 
useful bearings, are in reality of some practical importance — e. g. the 
physical structure of the forest belt in its relation to the improbability 
of the whole ever being cultivated. 
In conclusion, 1 may state the chief printed sources on which I have 
