478 THE GUMS AND RESINS OF NEW ZEALAND. 
clear luminous flame, becomes electro-negative by friction, and dissolves 
in concentrated sulphuric acid to a red solution. 
Retinite, large masses of this resin were exhibited in the gold-fields 
and geological departments of Otago, at the New Zealand Exhibition. 
The former exhibits were obtained from Hyde, the latter were from 
Caversham, Tuapeton, Waitahuna, and the Dunstan diggings, and 
various other parts of the Province of Otago ; also from Borneo. It is 
a substance of very frequent occurrence in the brown coals, generally in 
the form of small nodules, sometimes, however as short, imperfect 
veins or layers, and rarely in such large masses as those exhibited. 
As yet, no distinctive differences have been found to exist among 
these numerous samples. They melt without decomposition, evolving 
aromatic odours, and at a higher heat, burn with a smoking flame. 
When warmed at a gentle heat with alcohol, they become softened and 
are then very tenacious and adhesive ; their colour A^aries from pale yel- 
low to a dark brown. The specific gravity of a sample from Caversham, 
was found to be 1*049. 
The following are approximate analyses of two varieties of this 
mineral, No. I. being from Caversham, and No. II. from Labuan, 
Borneo. 
Soluble in alcohol 
„ in ether . 
Insoluble in ether 
The whole of No. I. is 
I. 
II. 
18-87 
19-18 
81-13 
28-92 
. 
— 
51-90 
100- 
100- 
uble in ether. 
THE AMERICAN WOOD-PAPER COMPANY, PHILADELPHIA. 
The manufacture of white paper from wood, is one of the most important 
steps ever made in the progress of those arts which have the greatest 
influence in promoting human civilisation. 
The largest establishment for the manufacture of wood-paper pulp 
is, we believe, that of the American Wood-Paper Co., known as the 
Manayunk Wood Pulp Works, situated at Manayunk, Pa., between the 
Schuylkill river and the canal. This pulp is now being manufactured 
into excellent white printing paper by Martin Nixon, at the Flat Rock 
Paper Mills, adjacent to the Pulp Works, and by Messrs. Jessup and 
Moore, at the Rockland Paper Mills, on the Brandy wine Creek, near 
Wilmington, Del. These pulp works are amongst the most completely 
organised and appointed manufacturing establishments we have ever 
