THE AMERICAN WOOD-PAPER COMPANY. 483 
Adjoining the wood-boiling house is the chopping establishment, 82 
by 124 feet, where the logs are cut into chips. The wood-choppers con- 
sist of two massive circular chunks of iron, resembling a solid wheel, 
about six feet in diameter, with large steel knives set in slats left in the 
iron for their introduction. The knives are movable, and can be placed 
cr displaced at pleasure. They revolve with great velocity, and are 
capable of cutting from thirty to forty cords of wood every twenty-four 
hours. The chips, as they are cut, fall into iron cars, and are carried 
off as needed. Here are also three large pulp engines, each capable of 
holding 1,000 pounds of pulp, also two 84-inch wet cylinder cleaning 
machines, capable of cleaning from 25,000 to 30,000 pounds of pulp. 
There is also in this room the bleach-mixing apparatus, which is quite 
an important auxiliary in the manufacture of chips into paper. The 
whole of the machinery of this building is driven by two large Tur- 
bine water-wheels. Toward the river is the bleaching- house, where the 
pulp is bleached, and the drying-machine rooms, 36 by 118 feet, where 
are located one 84-inch thirteen dryer, three-feet cylinder machine, 
capable of drying from 14,000 to 18,000 pounds of pulp every twenty- 
four hours. These works are controlled by Messrs. Jessup and Moore, 
the great paper dealers, and Mr. Martin Mxon, the descendant of old 
William Ryttinghuisen aforementioned, who will manufacture the pulp 
into paper at their mills. By their erection it is estimated that the 
daily production of printing paper will be increased about 15,000 pounds, 
and the daily consumption of rags at the above-named mills diminished 
to about the same extent, which must have a tendency to cheapen the 
price of both articles ; in fact, the price of newspaper has declined three 
cents per pound since the Wood Pulp Works were put in operation. 
If, in the intricacies of masonry and mathematics, I have made my 
meaning plain, the reader will see that this process in the first place so 
perfectly disintegrates the wood that nothing but pulp remains. It does 
so at less cost by saving and securing the chemicals (soda especially) 
that enter so largely into the manufacture of paper. This economy is 
the great value of the present experiment. Other wood besides poplar 
can be used, although poplar is the most preferable. The capacity of 
the mills is very large, and if Messrs. Jessup and Moore succeed in 
making paper as perfect and useful as that upon which I am now 
writing (and which came from their mill), they will revolutionize the 
art of paper-making and greatly lessen the cost of knowledge. In the 
experiment hundreds of thousands of dollars have been spent, and this 
thin sheet of paper represents the patience of many toiling years, the 
intrepid sinking of capital in the interest of science, unwearied care, 
energy, patience, perseverance. Yesterday it was a comely tree, its 
roots deep in the earth, the birds hopping amid its branches, its leaves 
eagerly seeking the juicy dews of spring, and apparently destined for a 
long life in its forest home. But axe and alkali, and fiery furnace, and 
