502 MAORf ABORIGINAL MANUFACTURES. 
of wood, two feet long, and the adze of greenstone, jade, jasper, or 
granite. Many specimens were exhibited by various contributors. 
Peter Thomson exhibited a number of stone axes, ear ornaments, &c, 
found on the site of an old Maori settlement near Blueskin Bay. Spears, 
" Taiaha," were another kind of weapon ; they were barbed with shark's 
teeth,, and ornamented with the feathers of the "kaka" or parrot. 
They are now only used as symbols of authority, and for flourishing 
about when haranguing. Taiahas were exhibited by Sir George Grey, 
and Hoepa Tamaihengia. Other spears, sharp at both ends, and from 
four to fourteen feet long, were formerly UPeU, specimens of which were 
in the Otago Exhibition. 
Miscellaneous Objects. — The Maoris were not without musical instru- 
ments. They had two — the flute and the trumpet. The flute, varying 
in length from two feet to three inches, was open at both ends, and had 
either two or five holes. In ancient times they were often constructed 
from the hollow bones of men, but latterly only wood has been employed. 
They played them by blowing into one of the holes, or into one of th e 
ends ; the best instruments only produced five simple notes. A speci- 
men of the bone flute was exhibited by Sir George Grey. The Maoris 
had also a kind of trumpet made of wood, seven feet long, and used for 
raising an alarm in time of war. A specimen made of supplejack was 
exhibited by Karaitiana. Combs for the hair were made of bone, a 
specimen of which was in Sir George Grey's collection. A curious 
genealogical staff is exhibited by Waru Werahiko Moeangiangi. It was 
the custom of the priests of several tribes to keep nominal lists of their 
hereditary chiefs, and for this purpose sticks were fashioned, upon which 
a notch was made as each warrior died. These sticks were preserved by 
the priest and called " papatupuna," and it was the duty of these holy 
men to keep this ancestral knowledge in the people's memories, in order 
to accomplish which they occasionally repeated before the assembled 
multitude the names of the tribe's dead chiefs. Dr. Thomson in his 
Story of New Zealand, says : " From a careful examination of several of 
these genealogical trees, I conclude there have been about twenty gene- 
rations of chiefs since the arrival of the first natives from Hawaiki." 
The specimen in the Exhibition represents the pedigree of the tribe of 
the owner since their first arrival in New Zealand. It was with great 
reluctance that the owner parted with it for the purpose of exhibition. 
The Maoris are great smokers, and are able to manufacture their own 
pipes in imitation of those of the Europeans. J. Grindell, Napier, ex- 
hibited three neat wooden pipes made by natives at the Wairoa. They 
are but slightly inferior in appearance to the wooden pipes sold by 
tobacconists. A pipe, mounted with a leaden rim was exhibited by 
A. C. Rees, Dunedin, this pipe was picked up in the Gate pah after the 
engagement at that place. 
A number of relics to which «, painful interest is attached, were exhi- 
