40 Present State of the Genus Cinchona. 
Calisaya avoids the banks of a river, never being found 
within several hundred feet of it; it prefers the steepest 
declivities of the mountain sides, and a great deal, though 
not too much shade.” Mr. Markham speaks of “a locality well 
adapted for the growth of the calisaya,” where young plants 
receive Shade from taller trees, while they also enjoy plenty 
of sunshine through the spreading branches.” Perhaps 
this has not been sufficiently attended to in India. 
It is further evident that there are very distinct varieties 
of the Calisaya, and that it is by no means certain that the 
kind hitherto cultivated by Mr. M‘Ivor is the best, although 
“descended from those procured by Dr. Weddell himself, 
in the forests of Caravaya and Bolivia.” 
Dr. Weddell gave to one of these varieties (the Calzsaya 
morada) the name of C. Boliviaza, and described it as a 
' separate species, but in an article communicated to the 
Botanical Society of France, in March, 1855, after having 
seen in his second journey in Bolivia, new forms inter- 
mediate between the D: Calisaya, and the C. Boliviana, 
this able botanist is disposed to regard the morada as a 
simple variety of the Calisaya. This agrees with what we 
know of the different barks, which are cll, including the 
Boliviana, equally collected and imported as Calisaya. 
The bark of the Calitsaya morada is never classed separately 
in commerce, and, indeed it appears in Delondre and Bou- 
chardat’s well-executed plate i. as typical Calisaya ; while, 
on the other hand, we find another well marked variety, the 
Calisaya blanca, equally well figured by Goebal in his 
“Pharm. Waarenkunde,” plate vil, as also China Calisaya. 
Best executed and most characteristic of all, are Weddell’s 
own figures of the bark, both of his a. vera and B. Foseph- 
zana. As far as the writer can judge, it is yet another 
variety whfch is now growing with him, the Cal/saya verde, 
of which, as well as of the xaranjada fida, zambita, empeder- 
nida, and one or two others, Dr. Weddell gave him speci- 
mens resulting from his secovd excursion to Bolivia. 
For further information respecting this variety, the Ca/z- 
saya verde, we must (for the present) turn to the Report by 
Mr. Markham of his visit to collect plants of the Czuchone 
in 1860. He says,* “ The bark collectors and other natives 
assurred me that there are three kinds of Calisayas, namely 
the Calisaya amarilla or fina (a vera of Weddell) the 
* Letter to the Under-Secretary for State, June gth, 1860.. 
Sec. 44: 
