Commercial A spect of Ferusalem. 505 
scale. The exports are olive oil and grain, the staple pro- 
ducts of the district, of which the quantities and destination 
will be shown on the returns from Jaffa, the port of Jeru- 
salem. 
“A griculture—As above stated, the staple produce of 
this district is olive oil and grain, of which the principal 
kinds are wheat, barley, sesame, and maize, raised in rather 
considerable quantities. Cotton is grown in the Nablous 
district. Previously to the ravages of the locusts, to be 
presently referred to, the estimated yield for 1866, was 
600,000 to 700,000 okes (the oke equals 2#lb.). It is raised 
from native seed, is of an inferior quality, and is chiefly ex- 
ported to Marseilles. No well-directed and sustained effort 
on the part of the Government has been made to promote 
the cultivation of cotton. It is believed that in many parts 
of the country, cotton might be successfully and extensively 
grown, with good seed and proper instructions and imple- 
ments given to the peasantry. A model farm, conducted 
by Englishmen, would, in my opinion, be the best means of 
‘promoting cotton culture in this land. 
“During the summer the country was overrun by locusts. 
The olive crop suffered severely, in common with the cotton 
plant, the vine, fruit trees, &c. The grain crops had already, 
for the most part, been reaped. Vegetation soon recovered 
however; and, unless the locusts come again, the evil will 
have disappeared with the cause. 
“The animals bred in the district are horses, camels, 
mules, asses, sheep, goats, and not many oxen. 
“Population and Industries—TVhe population of the Sand- 
jak may be computed at 200,000 souls, divided into the 
three sects of Christians, Mahomedans, and Jews, in about 
the following proportions:— 
Mahomedans : 160,000 
Christians es of the Greek Church) 30,000 
Jews he 10,000 
“The population of the oe of Jerusalem is estimated at 
18,000, of whom about 5,000 are Mahomedans, 8,000 to 
9,000 Jews, and the rest Christians of various denominations. 
“The chief native industry is the manufacture of soap, 
and what is called ‘Jerusalem ware,’ consisting of chaplets, 
crucifixes, beads, crosses, and the like, made principally of 
mother-of-pearl and olive wood, and sold to the pilgrims, 
who annually resort to the Holy City to the number of 
6,000 to 8,000. 
