54 
The Queensland Naturalist. 
Jan., 1926' 
Strong hold, iind religion was a tie wliieli bound tlie 
colony strongly to S])ain. 8])anish ctdture spread tlirongh 
tlie islands, Spanish names were given the inhabitants, 
and the old feud between Spaniards and Moors found a 
home in a new land where the flame of hatred between’ 
Christian Filipinos and tlie Mohammedans of the South- 
(rn Islands was kei>t alight by constant raids and ]ietty 
warfare. This antipathy persists to the present day.- 
The Spaniards never bad a very strong hold over the 
Moros of the South, and even at the time of the Ameri- 
can Occupation of 1898, these people were, for the- 
greater part, only nominally tinder Spanish rule. 
The most primitiAe of the races occupying the 
islands are the Negritos, a race of pigmies with frizzy 
liair, and a decided Malayan east of features. These 
liltle people have been driven back into the mountains, 
where they wander naked, gleaning a miserable living' 
in the forests. Their agriculture is very primitive, and" 
where it exists at all, consists of the planting of rice in 
holes dug in forest clearings. The first Malays avIio' 
colonised the islands Avere primitive peo])le driven 
into the mountainous districts by subsequent waves of 
immigration of more highly civilised Malayan races from' 
the south. These successive wha'cs. together Avith chance 
admixtures from other sources, have resulted in a col- 
lection of ])eo]des. more or less related, but differing 
considerably from one another etbnologieally, culturally, 
and linguistically. The principal nations are the Negri- 
tos. the primitiA^e Tgorots of the northern mountains, the- 
llocanos. a hardy pioneering and colonising people, the 
Tagalogs, who inhabit the south of Luzon and adjacent 
islands, and Avho are the most energetic and progressive 
of th(‘ Filipinos, the Visayans fi’om the middle of the 
Archipelago, and the fierce Mohammedan Moros of the 
south. Avho are still nominally goA’ei-ned by the Sultan of 
Sulu. There are numerous sub-divisions of each of these 
nations, and smallei' groups quite distinct from them. 
The Chinese had traded along the Philippine coasts- 
long before the coming of the Spaniards, and many had 
settled and married into the eoimtry. China had at one 
time an extended empire embracing part of the northern 
ishnid. and cA'er since steady immigration has been going 
on. and many of the highest Fili])ino families ha\'e been' 
founded by Chinese. The Chinese at present dominate 
Philippine trade, and in most of the A'illages the largest 
