Natural History. ^Minerahgy^ S9l 
elephant, rhinoceros, hippopotamus, deer, ox, and water-rat ; 
the four first belong to species now extinct, but of the others ncM 
thing is said. It is evident that animals having the magnitude 
of the elephant or rhinoceros, could not enter a fissure so low 
and narrow as that at Kirkdale ; and it appears probable, that 
these bones could not have been floated into the fissure by means 
of water, otherwise they would not only have suffered from at- 
trition, but would be intermixed with sand or gravel. They 
must, therefore^ have been transported thither in some other 
way. Professor Buckland conjectures^ that they were carried 
in for food by the hysenasj who appear to have been the sole in- 
habitants of the den. The smaller animals may have been car- 
ried in entire, the larger ones piecemeal ; for by no other means. 
Professor Buckland remarks, could the bones of such large ani- 
mals as the elephant and rhinoceros have reached the furthest 
recesses of so small an openingj unless rolled thither by water ; 
in which case, the angles and edges would have been worn off 
by attrition, which is not the case,' 
26. Spinel, ^c.^^Spinel, chrysoberyl, and garnet, have beeii 
lately rjeferred to the rhomboidal system. 
27. Andalusite, Andalusite and chiastolite, and proba- 
bly also pinite, belong to the Corundum group. 
28. Berzelius on the Blowpipe. ^'SN o. have lately received a 
copy of Berzelius’s work on the blowpipe, which is by far the 
most valuable treatise of the description hitherto published. In- 
dependent of the valuable details in regard to the blowpipe itself 
and its uses, it abounds in curious information in regard to many 
minerals. We intend to get it translated for the use of chemi- 
cal mineralogists. 
29. Sapphirine.-^^h.Q Sapphirine of Gieseck^ discovered by 
him in Greenland, and whose hardness and specific gravity re- 
fer it to the corundum group, contains, according to Stromeyeiy 
the following constituent parts : Alumina 63.1 ; silica 14.5 ; 
magnesia 16.8; lime .0.3; oxide of iron 3.9 ; oxide of manga- 
nese 0.5 ; loss 0.4 = 99.7. 
30. Native Hydrate of Magnesia. — Strom eyer, in his lately 
published very valuable volume of chemical analysis of minerals,^ 
