31 
through the PreoDiger Regencies in Java. 
m^kes another fall between the mountains, after which it unites 
itself in the plains of Banjarau with the River Tjisankooi. The 
Mountain of Malabar, and the plain here spoken of, unite all 
that great beauty and variety of scenery, and the profusion of a 
very rich and fertile soil can produce, to be striking and re- 
markable ; and here, indeed, the travellers found the most ample 
materials for observation. 
Professor Reinwardt proceeded farther on in his journey, 
north and east of 'Malabar, going through Tjipalag and Mara- 
baya along the banks of the Tjitarum, towards the south, till 
he came to the place of its proper origin. The high country 
where that river takes its rise is a large plain, rising gently to- 
wards the south, and is open to the north only, but shut in on 
all the other sides by high mountains. This plain, though 
entirely uninhabited, and even scarcely known to the great- 
er part of the inhabitants of Java, nevertheless exhibits one 
of the finest and certainly one of the most fertile parts of 
the island. Between its luxuriant woods are rich pastures, 
where the wild cattle, deer, and other grazing animals un- 
disturbedly enjoy abundance of food. Some of these rich 
pastures being surrounded by forests, or partly overgrown 
with groups of trees, appear like extensive parks, laid out by 
art. In one of these plains, situated on the south-east of the 
Mountain of Sumbong, the water, rushing down from hills, col- 
lects itself, and forms the source of the River Tjitarum, which 
is afterwards augmented by other smaller streams, issuing from 
the mountains on all sides of the plain. The climate of that 
part of the country is very temperate, the medium range of the 
thermometer being 62° of Fahrenheit. The barometer stands at 
254 English inches, which proves the descent of the Tjitarum, 
from its origin down to the sea, where it discharges itself, to be 
4640 English, or 4493 Rhenish feet. 
The Mountain of Sumbong, if ascended from this plain, af- 
fords, at a height of about 5600 English feet, a wide prospect 
along that country, as well as on the west side of the Papanda- 
gang, out of which district, particularly from that side, rises a 
great quantity of vapour. 
It did not appear to our travellers, that the Tjitarum takes 
its origin at the same place with the River Tjijakie, as indicated 
