Mr Livingstone’s Observatimis on a Chinese Liisus Nalura. 217 
sive separation of the parasite from the principal, till the lower 
portion consists of the duplicature of the skin, only admitting a 
separation of four or five inches. From the top to the bottom 
this connection measures eight inches and a quarter. 
The humerus of the parasite measures twelve inches, and is 
equal in length to that of the principal ; but the bones of the fore- 
arm, though perfect, are not quite half so long as those of A- 
gan. The wrist, though small, is perfecjt. The hands are dimi- 
nutive also, and the thumbs want the metacarpal bone. The arms 
can be moved freely. The right articulation of the scapulas is 
perfect, and the lower costa extends about an inch and a half. 
The acromion process of the left arm .can be felt attached to the 
humerus, and, though obscurely., a small part of the humeral 
portion of both clavicles, and notwithstanding the scapulae and 
claviculae are nearly wanting, and that there is neither sternum 
nor jibs, the arms remain .opposite to each other, and can be 
moved with g^reat freedom. 
Instead of a chest and abdomen, the upper are connected , 
with the lower extremities, apparently by the common integu- 
ments, strengthened by two firm tendinous bands, which may 
be supposed to occupy the place of the recti muscles, arising on 
each side of the connecting substance, between fthe two bodies, 
and are inserted deeply within the capacious pelvis of the para- 
site. The back part of the spineless bag, which is in place of a 
trunk, is in its natural position scarcely two inches an length, but 
which may be .easily stretched to double that distance. The 
ossa innommata form a semicircular, smooth, upper margin, 
somewhat of the form of a horse-shoe ; and if the hoi’sedioof is 
supposed to be connected witli this, a good idea may be formed 
of this part of the monster. It is very large and prominent, 
and would doubtless weigh more than the same part of A-gan. 
TIk’ pelvis, as well as the chest and abdomen, appeared flaccid, 
and no contents could be felt. 
The acetabula of the ossa innomincota are perfect. The thigh 
bones of the parasite are well formed, and of nearly the same 
length as his brother’s, viz. twelve inches. The remaining bones 
of the lower extremities af)pear about half their natural size, only 
three toes appear on one foot, on the other they adhere; but the 
bones can be distinctly felt. 
