CARDIAD^. COCKLE. 
33 
Hanover Bay. covered nearly half an acre of 
ground, and in some places was ten feet high ; it was 
situated over a bed of cockles, and was evidently formed 
from the remains of native feasts, as their fire-places 
and the last small heaps of shells were visible on the 
summit of the hill.^^ A similar mound noticed near 
Port Essington, of shells rudely heaped together, is 
supposed to be a burying-place of the Indians. 
At Wigwam Cave, Tierra del Fuego, piles of old 
shells, often amounting to some tons in weight, were 
noticed by Dr. Darwin, which had at different periods 
formed the chief food of the inhabitants.* 
These remind us of the so-called kjokkenmoddings 
(kitchen heaps) of Denmark, or shell mounds, to which 
the attention of archaeologists has been recently at- 
tracted in Northern Europe, and which consist of thou- 
sands of shells of the oyster, cockle, and other edible 
mollusks, with implements of stone, such as flint knives, 
hatchets, etc., and implements of bone, wood, and horn, 
with fragments of coarse pottery mixed with charcoal 
and cinder s.f 
Quite recently, one of these kjokkenmoddings has been 
discovered at Newhaven, in Sussex, and among the ob- 
jects found were limpet and other shells, with bones of 
animals. J 
In 1863, Sir John Lubbock published in the ^ Natural 
History Eeview ^ an account he had received from the 
Bev. G. Gordon, of Scotch kjokkenmoddings on the 
Elginshire coast, resembling those in Denmark. Mr. 
Gordon says : — By far the most striking if not the 
* Darwin, ‘ Voyage of Adventure and Beagle,’ vol. iii. p. 234. 
t Sir Charles Lyell’s ‘ Antiquity of Man.’ 
+ ‘ Intellectual Observer,’ vol. vii. p. 233. 
D 
