A Geographic Interpretation of Cincinnati, Ohio 11 
cinnati with five of the states along the southern seaboard. In 
1859 the Louisville, Cincinnati and Lexington Railway (after- 
wards the Louisville and Nashville) was completed to Nashville. 
By 1870 Cincinnati was connected by railroad with Baltimore, 
Philadelphia, New York, Toledo, Chicago, St. Louis, Louisville, 
Lexington, and several important southern cities. Since that time 
railroads have been multiplied, and facilities for river transpor- 
tation have been greatly increased; as a result, Cincinnati’s 
manufacturing establishments have multiplied many-fold, and 
commerce has steadily grown. 
The Cincinnati of Today 
Population statistics. What place is held by the Cincinnati of 
today, in comparison with other large cities? According to pop- 
ulation statistics (including Covington and Newport), Cincinnati 
is the tenth city in the United States, and second in Ohio, with 
a population of 448,012. Twenty years ago Cincinnati stood 
seventh, with a population of 358,197. According to popula- 
tion statistics, Cleveland, Ohio’s leading city, ranks as the sixth 
city in the United States, with a population of 560,663. Twenty 
years ago Cleveland held tenth place, with a population of 
261,353. 
Manufactures. In regard to manufactures, however, Cincin- 
nati is a close rival to Cleveland. In 1910 Cincinnati’s manufac- 
tures (including Covington and Newport) amounted to $206,- 
288,000. Cleveland’s manufactures amounted to $271,961,000, 
having more than doubled in the last decade. But Cleveland’s 
manufactures per capita amounted to $485: Cincinnati’s per 
capita manufactures amounted to $464. 
Cleveland has an advantageous location on the Great Lakes, 
which are the natural highway of the commerce of the Northwest. 
Furthermore, a great part of Cleveland’s manufactures consists 
of steel and allied products. In 1890 $30,000,000 of Cleveland’s 
$113,000,000 of manufactures were steel products. In 1900 
her steel manufactures had increased to $51,000,000, over one- 
third of her products. In 1905, which is the latest date for which 
detailed census reports are available, $72,000,000 of Cleveland’s 
$172,000,000 of manufactures consisted of steel products. The 
supply of ore in the Lake Superior region is not inexhaustible. 
