220 
Harmon A Nixon and Dexter J. Tight 
agreed that so far as these areas are involved, the gross features 
of the topography are the same today as before the glacial inva- 
sion. N ot more than a year later M. C. Read-^ suggests the theory, 
based upon his work in Richland, Knox and Licking Counties, 
that the drainage lines of Central Ohio have taken their present 
alignment chiefly through glacial influence. This theory of the 
dual origin and difference in age of the streams of the central 
portion of the state, as compared with those of the other divisions, 
has been supported by leading geologists up to the last decade. 
The work of Professors Tight^ and Bownocker,^ of J. H. Todd® 
and Gerard Fowke,® has tended to substantiate Read’s theory 
as it applies to Southern Ohio, and the work of Tight,® and Lev- 
erett,^ in its relation to Central Ohio. 
General discussion of drainage changes. However, within the 
last decade, investigations in the central part of the state, carried 
on for the most part under the Department of Geology of Denison 
University, have tended to show that a large portion of this 
area has derived its drainage features from preglacial influences. 
This theory of the age and origin of the streams of the central 
portion of the state seems to be more in harmony with the sup- 
posed origin of those of the southern, eastern and northern parts 
of the state than the hypothesis formerly so widely accepted. 
Scheffel concludes in his paper, Drainage Changes near Gran- 
ville, Ohio,”^ that the stream reversals in that section, so com- 
monly attributed to glacial intervention, antedate the invasion 
of the Pleistocene glaciers and are probably due to diastrophic 
movements. Mather® has concluded from a study of the lacus- 
trine deposits and terraces at Claylick and its vicinity that the 
cutting of the Licking Narrows and the consequent capture of 
the west-flowing Newark River by the present Licking River is 
not due to a stoppage of drainage, ascribed by Tight and Lev- 
erett^^ to the advance into the area of the Illinoian ice sheet, but 
4 U. S. Geological Survey, Professional Paper No. 13, 1903, p. 108. 
5 Ohio State Academy of Science, Special Paper No. 3, 1900, Bownocker, Todd and 
Fowke. 
® Bull. Sci. Lab., Denison Univ., vol. vii, pt. ii, 1894, p. 49. 
^ U. S. Geological Survey, Monograph xli, 1902, p. 196. 
8 Bull. Sci. Lab., Denison Univ., vol. xiv, 1909, pp. 157-174. 
9 Ibid., pp. 175-187. 
Loc. cit., p. 49. 
11 U. S. Geological Survey, Monograph xli, 1902, p. 155. 
