Some Pro-Glacial Lake Shorelines 
237 
barrier are tied to an area of gravel and sand which bears a cusp- 
like relationship to the original shoreline. Extending eastward 
from this cusp-like protuberance is another spit about one-half 
mile long. A further detail is seen in a ridge of sand, which 
parallels the two spits just described, and is attached at its east- 
ern end, but I was unable to find that it has any connection 
with the shoreline proper at its western end; this ridge may 
have originated as an off-shore barrier and, as the upper level 
receded, the deposition work of along-shore currents tied it at 
only one end. 
Returning to the meridian of Bellevue, we see on the map 
isolated gravel patches south and west of the village, as well as 
an extensive area of dune sand to the southwest. Apparently 
nearly all of the southern end of the quadrangle, west of Bellevue, 
was under water during the early part of this Maumee stage. 
I have been unable, however, to find sufficient sand or gravel 
in the ridge form to warrant mapping the beach south of the 
ridge segments indicated. The extension of wind-drifted sand 
so far south, particularly when we assume that the prevailing 
wind came more directly from the west, is the reason for hypoth- 
ecating a former greater extension of Maumee waters in this 
locality. 
For the first mile and a half west of Bellevue, the area included 
between the Lake Shore Electric, and the Wheeling and Lake 
Erie Railwa 3 ^s, is so continuously covered by sand and gravel 
that any mapping of the Upper Maumee level must be largely 
guess work. One can onl}^ say that the shoreline crossed this 
area, and that in post-glacial time there has been so much shift- 
ing of sand that the beach itself is obliterated. 
Near the point where the Lake Erie and Wheeling Company 
has a spur, north of its track, leading to a gravel pit, the Upper 
Maumee beach becomes sufficiently distinct for study. West- 
ward from this point it continues as a ridge, four to ten rods in 
width, consisting largely of gravel but on its surface becoming 
progressively more sandy. The several mounds which just reach 
the 800-foot contour line indicate dunes along this beach ridge. 
Paralleling this ridge and about a quarter of a mile south is a 
slighter beach marking an earlier temporary position of the shore- 
line; how much this differs in altitude, if at all, from the former 
can not be established, because of wind deposits; it may be the 
