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Edgar W. Owen 
farm animals were much greater in the glaciated townships be- 
cause of the greater abundance of good feed other than pasturage. 
Average values per township 
Horses Cattle Sheep Wool Hogs 
Canton area 
Glaciated $81847 $54098 $1434 $522 $9682 
Unglaciated $56606 $34389 $7810 $3346 $6110 
Alillersburg area 
Glaciated $72080 $42582 $5183 $2017 $13357 
Unglaciated $51250 $32997 $7452 $3451 $7291 
The above facts appear to warrant the following conclusions: 
1. The glacier exerted no great influence on soil fertility, as the 
comparison of crop yields per acre plainly indicated. In the 
case of certain crops the glaciated land did seem to be slightly 
more productive, but this was only in a few cases and was by no 
means a general or regular result. 
2. The glacier did however exert a great influence on agriculture 
by leveling the surface of the land over which it passed. An 
examination of the topographic maps of the areas studied shows 
the glaciated region to be much more even than the unglaciated 
tracts adjoining, as the front of the glacier marks the boundary 
between the more regular and the less even surfaces. The percent- 
ages of cultivated land in the different areas indicate this leveling- 
effect conclusively, a direct economic consequence of which is 
seen in the greater value of farm products in the glaciated part 
than in an equal area of unglaciated land. The value of this 
glacial smoothing depends upon the nature of the surface before 
glaciation; the effect would naturally be more marked in rough 
than in smooth country. It is thus seen that while the ice sheet 
did not materially effect the fertility of the soil in this region, it 
was of great economic importance in making more of the land 
available for profitable cultivation. 
