II 
Source of the Jumna. 
No grain to be bad here, as at other places, I planted pota- 
toes. Rainy weather ; — no latitude. 
“ ttd April 1 81 7. — Bancauli to Paunti. — Total distance 
11 miles 1 furlong by the wheel ; in paces S3, 108. — To the bed 
of the Jumna 3 miles 3 furlongs, mostly oblique descent, though 
steep in some places above the right bank of the river. Here 
are very high and steep precipices, from which large blocks of 
granite have fallen into the bed of the river, which forces its 
way through and over those obstructions with much violence 
and noise. After passing over the rocks by the river side for 
half a mile, we leave it, and climb the right bank, by an ex- 
ceeding steep ascent, to the Tocni Ghdi'i , which overhangs the 
stream, and is about 1000 feet above it. Hence, descend a mile 
to the Camaulda river ; cross it on trunks of trees laid across, a 
little above its junction with the Jumna. 
The Camaulda is the largest river which the Jumna receives 
above the confluence of the Tonse ; its course is from N. 10° 
west, down the Rama Serai district, which is a small valley, and 
is reported to be in some places a mile wide, but it is now over- 
run with jungles , full of wild beasts. The Camaulda , now 
swollen by the rain, is about 70 feet wide, and feet deep, and 
very rapid. Immediately on crossing it, the country up the 
Jumna assumes a more pleasing appearance; the mountains 
which bound it, though very lofty, do not rise so abruptly, and 
several small villages are seen on their lower slopes. On the 
right bank of the river, there is a slip of level ground 300 to 500 
yards wide. The summits of the mountains are covered by 
cedars and other pines, and the snow yet lies on them. Pro- 
ceed by the river side to Paunti , a village of twenty houses, 
pleasantly situated about 400 feet above the Jumna. The 
march was long and fatiguing, as it rained the whole way ; the 
loaded people did not arrive till after dark. At this village, I 
got supplies of grain. The country I have passed through 
from Calsi is nearly deserted, on account of famine, caused by 
the crops of last year having been destroyed by the hail, in Oc- 
tober. Aware of this circumstance, I have brought grain with 
me from Calsi , and subsisted my followers with it. Latitude 
of Paunidi 30° 48' 08". 
