7*2 Mr Harvey on the Increase of the Population 
the increment during the period from 1810 to 1820 amounted 
to 445.8 percent. ; but this large rate of increase fortunately 
operated only on a small population. The slaves, however, in- 
creased more rapidly than the free persons ; for, in 1810, the 
slaves were to the free persons as 1 to 72; but, in 1820, as 1 to 
59. In 1820 the slaves in the territory of Missouri amounted 
to 9722 ; but as this was the first enumeration, no rate of 
increase can be assigned. The same remark applies also to 
Arkansas, the slaves in that territory amounting, in 1820, to 
1617 persons. In Columbia, the increment from 1800 to 1810 
was great, amounting to 360.3 per cent. ; but which was most 
strikingly reduced in the next decade to 18.2 per cent. In 
1820 the slaves amounted to 6377. 
On reviewing the changes which the numerical results of the 
slave population have undergone, during the periods embraced 
by the foregoing table, some of them are perceived to be distin- 
guished by increments, and others by decrements ; and it there- 
fore may not be uninteresting to enquire in what way these op- 
posite results are connected with the four great divisions into 
which the American States have been latterly divided. The 
Northern States, it will be perceived, are either altogether with- 
out slaves, or the changes which their numbers have undergone, 
during the thirty years ending in 1820, have been all of a de- 
creasing kind ; the whole of their numerical rates falling under 
the class of decrements . The same remark will also apply to 
the middle States, with the single exception of a small increment 
to the State of New Jersey, in the first period ; and of a nearly 
similar increment to Delaware, in the last. But in the Southern 
States, the changes have been all of an increasing hind , except- 
ing a small decrement received by Maryland in the last decade ; 
and hence, with this single exception, all the numerical results 
fall under the class of increments. And it is to be regretted that 
these increments should have operated on by far the largest 
portion of the slave population in the United States ; and that, 
•therefore, as a necessary consequence, the increase of the slaves 
must have been very considerable. The changes also in the 
slave population of the territorial governments are of the same 
kind as those in the Southern States. 
It hence appears that the numerical changes which the slaves 
have undergone are of two opposite kinds; and that, therefore, 
