599 
Meteorology. 
3. That, on taking this influence into account, there is a pro- 
duction of cold in making a vacuum, though to a less de- 
gree than has hitherto been supposed. 
4. That during the admission of air, and the gases, into a re- 
ceiver void of air, there is at first a production of cold, 
then in proportion as the air condenses itself more in the 
interior of the receiver, there is a production of heat, a 
fact which the authors consider of more importance, as it 
has hitherto been supposed that heat alone is produced. 
5. That various modifications may render more intense the cold 
produced at the admission of air into the vacuum. — See 
Bibl. Univers ., Am'il 1823. 
23. Whirlwind at Scarborough . — Major W. M. Morison has 
communicated to us the following notice of a whirlwind he ob- 
served at Scarborough. — 66 In the afternoon of Tuesday the 24th 
of June 1823, the formation of a whirlwind was noticed about 
a mile to the westward of Scarborough. Its direction was east, 
and passing by a plantation within a quarter of a mile of the 
town, it tore up two large elm-trees. It then proceeded along the 
road which is between the Cliff and the Spaw, and leading to 
the sands, at the bottom of which about thirty bathing-machines 
were arranged, and, it being nearly high-water at the time, 
nine of these were driven into the sea, and several were over- 
turned and broken by its violence. One machine, in particular, 
which appeared more under its influence than the rest, was ob- 
served to be whirled round several times, and with such force 
as to break off its wheels. A little farther, two boats were at 
anchor, a few yards only apart : one of these it drove to some 
distance along the shore, in a direction contrary to its course ; 
the other boat remained stationary. It then entered the har- 
bour, where it forced three large vessels from their moorings, 
and overturned four boats ; fortunately, however, without the 
loss of a single life, it finally passed over the pier into the sea, 
where it suddenly disappeared. A person who was on the road 
when the whirlwind passed, compared the sound of its ap- 
proach to that produced by the rattling of several heavy car- 
riages together. Its shape was spiral, its breadth, at the base, 
seemed to vary from about sixty to eighty yards, and its height 
appeared to be about seven hundred feet. When it reached 
