174 
Wilbert, M. I.. believes that the production of such lexicographic 
monstrosities as u Fluidextractum ” and “ Fluidextract ” should re- 
quire a more satisfactory apology than the feeble one offered in the 
preface of the pharmacopoeia, particularly in view of the fact that 
the instructions given by the national convention of 1900 distinctly 
“ recommend that changes in the titles at present official be made only 
for the purpose of insuring greater accuracy or safety in dispens- 
ing.'’ — Am. J. Pharm.. Phila., 1905. v. 77, p. 359. 
The Spanish Pharmacopoeia classifies the official extracts under the 
prefixes “ Extractum aquosum,” Extractum aleoholicum.’* “ Ex- 
traction ethereum.’* and ” Extractum fluidum ; ” in the latter class 
there are but two representatives, fluid extract of hamamelis leaf and 
fluid extract of hydrastis. — Farmacopea Oficial Espahola. 1905. pp. 
289-307. 
An abstract (from J. Am. M. Ass.) asserts that the first fluid 
extract, of the kind now familiar to us, was made by William 
Procter, jr., of Philadelphia, who published a process for making 
fluid extract of ergot in 1857.— The Xew Idea, v. 27, 1905, p. 106. 
Lyons, A. B.. believes that there should be a distinctive title for 
the acetic fluid extracts. — Proc. Am. Pharm. Ass., 1905, v. 53, p. 262. 
Bollinger. George, points out that dilutions of fluid extracts should 
never take the place of U. S. P. tinctures. He believes that the two 
are not identical and that a tincture prepared from a fluid extract 
frequently precipitates'. — Pharm. Era, X. Y., 1905, v. 34, p. 580. 
fceniculum;. 
Eberle, E. G., enumerates fennel as being among the medicinal 
plants of Texas. — Proc. Am. Pharm. Ass., 1905, v. 53. p. 304. 
Spaeth, E., points out that the commercial varieties of fennel 
should be enumerated in an official description, and that adulteration 
with extracted fruit should be guarded against. He also enumerates 
several simple tests by means of which extracted and artificially 
colored fruit may be recognized. He proposes the following 
requirements : 
Fennel should consist of the undamaged fruit that has not been wholly or in 
part deprived of its essential oil, and should have a strong characteristic odor 
and taste of fennel. The ash should not exceed 10 per cent, and the portion 
insoluble in 10 per cent hydrochloric acid should not exceed 2.5 per cent.— 
Ztschr. f. Unters. d. Xahr. u. Genussm., Berlin, 1905, v. 10, p. 21. 
FRANGULA. 
Mitlacher, W.. reports on a sample of spurious frangula bark that 
came to his attention, and describes the bark, which he suggests may 
be derived from Rhamnus camiolica. — Pharm. Post., Wien, 1905, v. 
38, p. 751. 
