24 
the presence of the microbe in the living state may be demonstrated after the 
milk thus treated has been kept several days. * * * It will also live in 
milk which has turned sour at the temperature of the room in which it is kept. 
Broers a demonstrated the ability of the typhoid bacillus to live in 
milk and butter for from two to three weeks. 
Brack in 1903 * * 6 took ordinary market milk and infected it with the 
bacillus typhosus. He then ran the milk thus treated through a sep- 
arator and found the viable organism persisting in the cream for 
ten days after separation. Butter made from this cream showed the 
presence of the viable bacillus for twenty-seven days. The bacillus 
typhosus could be recovered from the buttermilk for ten days. Pfuhl c 
showed the ability of the Eberth bacillus to persist in market milk for 
thirteen days and in butter for twenty- four days. 
Eyre d undertook experiments to demonstrate the growth of the 
typhoid bacillus in milk. To avoid the false ideas arising from the 
use of the sterilized product, he drew the milk from a healthy cow 
under aseptic conditions and gives the following results showing the 
possible rate of increase : 
0 hours. 
2 hours. 
4 hours. 
6 hours. 
8 hours. 
[ 12 hours. 
l 
24 hours. 
B. typhosus _ 
78 
50 
42 
42 
46 
460 
6.000 
This shows a decrease for the first few hours, due to the germicidal 
action of fresh milk. In another case the count showed the 
following : 
0 hours. 
- 
24 hours. 
48 hours. 
7 days. 
B. typhosus 

78 
60,000 
1 
1 10,300,000 
440,000,000 
SUMMARY OF EPIDEMICS. 
Of the 179 typhoid epidemics reported as spread by milk, compiled 
by the writer, 107 occurred in the United States, 43 in Great Britain, 
23 in continental Europe, 3 in Australia, 1 in New Zealand, and 2 in 
Canada ; ail cases enumerated in the outbreak were reported as living 
in houses supplied with the suspected milk in 96 of the epidemics; a 
case, suffering from the disease at such a time as to have been the pos- 
sible source of infection, was found at the producing farm, distrib- 
a Broers (C. W.), Nederlandsch. Tijdsckrift voor Geneeskunde, 1904, XL, p. 
1260. 
& Brack, Dent. Med. Wocb., 1903, XXIX, p. 460. 
c Pfubl, Zeit. Hyg., 1902, XL, p. 555. 
d Eyre (J. W.), Jour. State Med., London, 1904, XII, p. 72S. 
