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prove to tlie stisfaction of the court that he had purchased the article in ques- 
tion as the same in nature, substance, and quality as that demanded of him by 
the purchaser, and with a written warranty to that effect ; that he had no rea- 
son to believe at the time when he sold it that the article was otherwise, and 
that he sold it in the same state as when he purchased it, he shall be discharged 
from the prosecution. 
(b) In the case of food: First, if any substance or substances have been 
mixed with it so as to reduce or lower or injuriously affect its quality or 
strength ; second, if an inferior or cheaper substance or substances have been 
substituted wholly or in part for it; third, if any valuable constituent has been 
wholly or in part abstracted from it ; fourth, if it is an imitation of or is sold 
under the name of another article ; fifth, if it consist wholly or in part of a de- 
ceased, decomposed, putrid, or rotten animal or vegetable substance, whether 
manufactured or not ; sixth, if it is colored, coated, polished, or powdered whereby 
damage is concealed, or if it is made to appear better or of greater value 
than it really is; seventh, if it contains any added poisonous ingredient or 
any ingredient which may render it injurious to the health of a person con- 
suming it ; eighth, in the case of milk, if it contains less than three and one- 
half per centum of fat, less than nine per centum of solids not fat, and contains 
more than eighty-seven and one-half per centum of water ; in the case of cream, 
if it contains less than twenty per centum of butter fat : ninth, in the case of 
butter or cheese, if it is not made exclusively from milk or cream, or both, with 
or without common ,salt; the butter, if it contains more than twelve per 
centum of water, more than five per centum of salt, and less than eighty-three 
per centum of fat; tenth, in the case of coffee, if it is not composed entirely 
of the seed of the Caffea arabica ; eleventh, in the case of lard, if it is not made 
exclusively from the rendered fat of the healthy hog ; twelfth, in the case of tea, 
if it is not composed entirely of the genuine leaf of the tea plant not exhausted ; 
thirteenth, in the case of all kinds of vinegar, if it contains an acidity equiva- 
lent to the presence of less than four per centum of absolute acetic acid : and 
cider vinegar, if it is not made from the pure apple juice and contains less - than 
one and five-tenths per centum of total solids ; fourteenth, in the case of cider, 
if it is not made from the legitimate product of pure appple juice: in the case 
of wines and fruit juices, if not made from the pure fruit as represented : and 
in the case of cider, wines, fruit juices, and malt liquors, if not free from 
salicylic acid or other preservatives; and in the case of malt liquors, if not 
free from picric acid, cocculus indicus, colchicine, colocynth, aloes, and worm- 
wood : fifteenth, in the case of glucose, if it contains more than five one-hun- 
dredths per centum of ash ; sixteenth, in the case of flour, if it is not composed 
entirely of one single ground cereal; seventeenth, in the case of bread, if 
there is any addition of alum, sulphate of copper, borax, or sulphate of zinc, or 
other poisonous or harmful ingredient, and if it contains more than thirty-one 
percentum of moisture, more than two per centum of ash, and less than six 
and twenty-five one-hundredths per centum of albuminoids ; eighteenth, in 
the case of olive oil, if it is not made exclusively from the olive berry (Olea 
europsea), and its specific gravity at fifteen and six-tenths degrees centigrade: 
(sixty degrees Fahrenheit) “actual density” to be not more than nine hundred 
apd seventeen one-thousands nor less than nine hundred and fourteen one- 
thousandths: Provided , That an offense shall not be deemed to be committed 
under this section in the following cases, that is to say, first, where the order 
calls for an article of food or drug inferior to such standard, or where such 
difference is made known by being plainly written or printed on the package ; 
second, where the article of food or drug is mixed with any matter or ingredient 
