20 
Mr. Webster, among other things, emphasizes the value of the score 
card in the sanitary inspection of dairies and its bearing on the pro- 
duction of clean milk. He also gives 21 very useful suggestions con- 
cerning the cows, stables, milk houses, and methods of milking and 
handling milk. 
Doctor Bolton writes of the dangers from contaminated water sup- 
plies on dairy farms and shows that a pure water supply on the farm 
appears to present much fewer difficulties than the same problem in 
towns. Each supply presents its own problem which must be solved 
for itself, with proper recognition of the objects to be aimed at, and 
these are purity, abundance, and convenience. 
Doctor Bolton also gives the methods and results of the examination 
of the water supply of dairies supplying the District of Columbia. 
The analysis of results seems to show that there are comparatively few 
water supplies on the dairy farms visited which are free from sanitary 
objection, but in spite of this fact it is nevertheless probable that in 
many or most cases the faults can be rectified with little expense. 
Doctor Melvin offers a practical solution of the classification of 
market milk. He proposes three grades : (1) Certified milk ; (2) in- 
spected milk, and (3) pasteurized milk. 
Doctor Kerr gives a brief outline of the organization and conduct 
of medical milk commissions in the United States, established to 
foster the production of “ certified milk.” Emphasis is laid on the 
fact that the plan was formulated by a physician, and that it contem- 
plates the sanitary supervision of dairies by a commission appointed 
by the local medical society for the purpose of producing pure milk 
especially for the use of infants and invalids. In this paper are 
included copies of the first contract entered into between a medical 
milk commission and a dairyman; also the requirements of the milk 
commission of the medical society of the county of New York, which 
contain all of the essential rules required by other commissions for 
the production of pure milk. 
It appears that this movement has been a potent factor in improv- 
ing the character of the milk supply in various parts of the country, 
as it has required that only tuberculosis- free cattle should be used 
for the production of milk, that their milk should be cooled to a 
temperature of 45° F. and transported in a manner so that it reaches 
the consumer before noticeable biological or chemical changes have 
occurred therein. He also refers to the founding of infants’ milk 
depots in the United States, and presents in tabular form the num- 
ber of such organizations and other pertinent information relating 
thereto. 
The important subject of pasteurization has been carefully studied 
by Doctor Rosenau, who points out its advantages and discusses its 
