700 
the fatty acids are present. Forty-three analyses by Leeds show vari- 
ations in the fat content of woman’s milk of between 2.11 and 6.89 
per cent, with an average of 4 per cent. The percentage of fat pres- 
ent in woman’s milk is but little affected by the period of lactation. 
Sugar . — Sugar is the most constant of the ingredients of human 
milk in its percentage. It is present as lactose in complete solution 
in the proportions of from 6 to 7 per cent. Its quantity is least in 
the first week. After the first month its variations are very light. 
Salts . — Only one-fourth as much inorganic salts is present in 
woman’s milk as in cow’s milk, and, with the exception of the cal- 
cium in combination with the casein, are all in solution. They are 
present in the proportion of ,20 per cent. 
CLINICAL EXAMINATION OF WOMAN’S MILK. 
It is often of importance to recognize the occurrence of quantita- 
tive and qualitative departures from the normal composition of 
woman’s milk occurring during lactation, and their nature, as upon 
them are dependent many nutritional disturbances of the nursing 
child. 
The most common abnormalities to be recognized are (a) disturb- 
ances in the quantity and (b) disturbances in the quality of the lac- 
teal secretion. 
According to the researches of Haehner, Feer, Huebner, Laure, 
Ahlfeld, and others, the average daily quantity of milk drawn by 
infants of different ages is as follows: 
Ounces. 
At end of first week, 300 to 500 grams 10 to 16 
During second week, 400 to 550 grams 13 to 18 
During third week, 430 to 720 grams 14 to 24 
During fourth week, 500 to 800 grams 16 to 26 
From fifth to thirteenth week, 600 to 1,030 grams 20 to 34 
From fourth to sixth month, 720 to 1,150 grams 24 to 38 
From sixth to ninth month, 900 to 1,220 grams 30 to 40 
The average daily amount of milk per kilo of body weight drawn 
by the child was found to be as follows: 
Ounces. 
During first three months, 150 cubic centimeters 5 
During second three months, 140 cubic, centimeters 4§ 
During third and fourth three months, 120 cubic centimeters 4 
It was also found that the total daily amount drawn corresponds 
very nearly to the following figures in proportion to the body weight 
of the child : 
First three weeks, one-fifth of body weight. 
First month to end of sixth month, one-sixth to one-seventh of body weight. 
Last half of first year, one-eighth of body weight. 
