than this, or by removing appropriate amounts of the “ top milk ” 
from bottled milk after the cream has risen and then thoroughly mix- 
ing the remainder. 
GENERAL DIRECTIONS FOR THE ARTIFICIAL FEEDING OF INFANTS. 
For children one month old or over. — First, weigh the child. 
Allow a daily quantity of cow’s milk of one-seventh body weight 
for infants up to 3 months of age, one-eighth the body weight from 
3 months to 6 months, and after that from one-ninth to one-tenth. 
Quality of milk to be used . — Use nothing but clean, fresh, bottled 
milk, “ certified ” if possible. If this can not be had, use bottled 
milk from a high-grade dairy, making sure that the fat content 
does not exceed 3.00 per cent. If it is greater than this it must be 
reduced to this figure by dipping the cream out of the top of the 
bottle in the amounts given in the following table and then mixing 
thoroughly the remainder. 
Note. — A cow’s milk of this percentage of fat — 3.50 — lias a heat value of 
653.5 calories per kilogram, or about the average caloric value of woman’s 
milk. 
Table shotving quantities of top milk, that must be removed from top of quart 
bottles of milk in order to reduce the percentage of fat to 3.00 per cent. 
j 
: Quantity of cream to be removed from top 
Original percentage of fat in the milk. of quart after cream has risen to reduce 
fat to 3.00 per cent. 
4. 00 ; 50 cubic centimeters— If ounces. . 
4. 50 75 cubic centimeters— ounces. . 
5. 00 100 cubic centimeters — 3f ounces. 
Mix the milk thoroughly by pouring into another vessel and 
measure out the amount of the daily supply requisite as indicated 
by the age and weight of the child; e. g. : Weight of child 1 month 
old, 4 kilograms (9 lbs.) ; I of body weight =570 grams (19 ounces) ; 
daily quantity of milk=570 grams (19 ounces). Divide the quantity 
of milk so obtained in nursing bottles each containing equal amounts 
according to the daily number of feedings advocated in another 
part of this paper (see breast feeding). Sterilize it by standing the 
bottles, each corked with absorbent cotton, in boiling water up to 
their necks and boil for a period of three-fourths to one hour. Cool 
and preserve the bottles on ice until required. Before feeding heat 
the milk to blood temperature by standing the bottle in hot water. 
Sterilization of the milk is advocated in the case of all infants under 
3 months of age for reasons presently to be discussed. After that 
time it may be discontinued, and pasteurization of the milk substi- 
tuted until the eighth or ninth month, when raw milk may be used, 
