63 
Calandruccio); United States (specimens in the B. A. I. Coll., U. S. 
Dept, of AgT., collected in Maiyland and the District of Columbia); 
Brazil (Lutz, 189d). 
The ligures seem to show that a rather warm and moist climate is 
especially favorable to the development of cases of Ilymenolepis nana. 
As would be expected upon the assumption that the forms in man and 
in the rat are the same species, the statistics indicate a certain degree 
of coincidence in the occurrence and frequency’ of 11. naiiaiw. man and 
in the rat for any locality, modified, it is true, by other factors, such 
as the h}’gienic conditions of the community the habits and customs 
(personal hygiene, character of food) of the inhabitants, etc. In gen- 
eral its distribution maj" be considered cosmopolitan, like that of its 
hosts, but more restricted b}" certain conditions, among which are, 
perhaps, climate and moisture. 
SITUATION IX THE INTESTINE. 
The results of a number of autopsies show that the portion of the 
intestine infested is a greater or less part of the ileum, especially its 
upper two-thirds or three-fourths. 
NUMBER OF SPECIMENS PRESENT. 
The number of specimens of 11. nana present in the various cases 
has ranged from 1 to several thousand. In one case, 1 specimen only 
was found at the autopsy; 2 specimens were passed in one case; 20 
were present in one case; 30 to 40, 1 case; 50, 1 case; 50 to 80, 1 case; 
between 100 and 200, 2 cases; from 200 to 400, 4 cases; 600 to TOO, 1 
case; 1,000, 1 case; 1,400, 1 case; 2,000, 1 case; in 5 cases in which no 
figures were given there were said to be few; in 7 cases a very large 
number or several thousand. 
OTHER PARASITES PRESENT. 
Multiple infection occurred in 27 cases. Oxyuris vermicularis was 
present 12 times, Trichuris trichiura 19 times, Ascaris lumhricoides 16 
times, Agchylostoma duodenale 5 times, Uncinaria arnericana once, 
Tdenia saginata 2 times, Tsenia solium once, encysted flagellates once, 
larval nematodes [? Strongyloides stercoralis^ once. The}" were asso- 
ciated together with H. nana as follows: 
Trichuris., 6 cases; Ascaris^ 3 cases; Oxyuris\ 2 cases; Agchylostoma 
duodenale., 1 case; Uncinaria arnericana., 1 case; Tsenia saginata., 2 
cases; Oxyuris and Trichuris^ 1 case; Oxyuris and Tsenia solium., 1 
case; Oxyuris and larval nematodes [? Strong yloides\., 1 case; Oxyuris., 
Trichuris^ and Ascaris., 6 cases; Trichuris and Ascaris., 2 cases; 
Trichuris^ Ascaris^dindi encysted flagellates, 1 case; Trichuris^ Ascaris., 
and Agchylostoma duodenale., 2 cases; Ascaris and Agchylostoma 
duodenale., 1 case; Oxpuris., Trichuris., Ascends., and Agchylostoma 
duodenede., 1 case. 
