30 
free poison {toxin) to kill one g'liinea pig. Therefore ’.ext 100 
segments of this spectrum will consist of toxin. 
If we now add one two-hundredths more of antitox r, the mixture 
will fail to kill. Thus, 
immunitj" unit = will not kill acutely, hut causes paraly- 
sis {toxones). 
immunity unit==will not kill acutely, but causes parah^- 
sis {toxones). 
immunit}^ unit=will not kill acutelv. but causes parah^- 
sis {toxones). 
L®4-|^| immunity unit = complete neutralization. 
The last 50 segments of the spectrum wG-hd, therefore, be made up 
of toxone. 
The spectrum of this poison would, therefore, be expressed as fol- 
lows: 
0 10 io 30 40 50 60 10 go 90 lOo no 13.0 130 140 150 160 HO IJO 190 300 
Fig. 3. — A spectrum of a simple poison. Redrawn from Madsen, La Constitution du poison diphthe- 
rique. Ann. de I’lnstitut Pasteur. Vol. XIII, 1899, p. 576. 
By this graphic representation of the results of the studies of toxine- 
antitoxin mixtures it is possible to tell at a glance the proportional 
amounts of toxin.^ toxoid., or toxone contained in a given poison. 
The fohowing instructive instance is taken from Ehrlich’s poison . 
No. 5:^-' 
L® dose of this toxine No. 5 was 0.125 cc. 
L+ dose of this toxine No. 5 was 0.25 cc. 
1\ILD dose of this toxine No. 5 v^as 0.0025 cc. 
It will, therefore, be seen that the L” dose of this particular toxine 
contained exactN 50 X MED, and the L+ dose contained 100 X MED. 
The gradual changes which this poison underwent, as shown b}" the 
spectra, may be explained as follows: 
In A (fig. 2) pure hemitoxin is shown. By this is meant that the 
addition of each one two-hundredths of the immunity unit to the E” 
« Ehrlich: Eeber die constitution des diphtheriegiftes. Deut. ined. woch., Leip- 
zig, V. 24 (38), 1898, pp. 597-600. 
Ehrlich: Eeber die giftcomponenten des diphtherietoxins. Berl. klin. woch., 
1903, nos. 35-37. 
