45 
The Egyptian Intestinal Fluke — HETEROPHYES HETEROPHYES « (Sie- 
bold, 1852), Stiles, 1901 — of Man, Dogs, and Cats. 
[Figs. 68 to 71.] 
Specific diagnosis. — Heterophyes: 1 to 1.7 mm. long, 0.3 to 0.7 mm. broad; reddish, 
elongate, oval. Scales quadrate, 5 to 6 // long by 4 jii broad; distal margin serrate with 
6 to 9 jioints. Oral sucker 0.09 mm. in diameter, terminal to subte^'minal, about one- 
third as large as ventral acetabulum 
(0.23 mm. ), which is in about the mid- 
dle of the body ; genital ring 0. 15 mm. 
Prepharynx short, may attain 80 /i in 
length; pharynx 50 to 70 ju long, 40 
to 50 jii in diameter; esophagus ex- 
tends to a point about midway be- 
tween the oral pole and the center of 
the acetabulum. Intestinal ceca thin, 
extending posteriorly and ending at 
the excretory bladder. The lateral 
ends of the vitellaria extend beyond 
the intestinal ceca, and some follicles 
extend ventrally. Eggs light brown, thick-shelled, oval, 20 to 30 ju by 15 to 17 yU, 
contain ciliated embryo when oviposited. Sporocyst, redia, cercaria, 
and intermediate host undetermined. 
Habitat. — Small intestine of inan {Homo sapiens), 
dogs {Canis familiaris) , cats {Fdis domestica), and (?) 
fox ( ). 
Geographic distribution. — Egypt, Japan. 
L 771 
Fig. 69. — A portion of the skin, showing the peculiar 
quadrate spines, the {dm.) diagonal muscles, the 
(hre.) longitudinal muscles, and the (rm.) ring or 
circular muscles, x 1060. (After Looss, 1894, pi. 2, 
fig. 9.) 
Fig. 70. — Chit- 
inous rods of 
genital ring. 
X 700. (After 
Looss, 1894, 
pl.l, fig. 5.) 
Family PARAMPHISTOMID.F. 
Genus GASTRODISCUS Leuekart, 1877. 
Fig. 71. — Ma- 
ture egg of 
Heterop hyes 
heterophyes, 
containing 
the fully de- 
veloped em- 
bryo. Note 
the opercu- 
lum at one 
pole. X 700. 
(After Looss, 
1894, pi. 2, fig. 
12 .) 
Generic diagnosis. — Paramphistomidte, Cladorchinse 
(Ventral acetabulum at poserior end. Two pharyngeal 
pockets present, testicles branched, vas deferens without pars macu- 
losa, cirrus pouch present): Body divided into an anterior rather 
slender conical portion, and a posterior flattened ventrally concave 
disk, acetabulum small, ventral. 
Type species. — Gastrodiscus polyrnasios 'L^noksiri, 1877. 
According to the recent revision of the ainphistomes 
published by Fischoeder (1902), the amphistome reported 
for man belongs to the genus Gastrodiscus. Stages of the life cycle of 
the Conical Amphistome {Paramphistomum cervi) are here introduced 
(figs. 79 to 83) to illustrate the biology of this group. 
« Synonyms. — Bistomum heterophyes \ on Siebold, 1852; Bicrocoelium heterophyes (Sie- 
bold) AVeinland, 1858; Distoma heterophyes (Siebold) Cobbold, 1860; Heterophyes 
segyptiaca Cobhoid, 1866 (probably earlier); Mesogonimus heterophyes (Siebold) Pail- 
liet, 1890; Coenogonimus heterophyes (Siebold) Looss, 1899; Cotylogonimus heterophyes 
(Siebold) Braun, 1901. 
Bibliography. — For detailed anatomical discussion see Looss (1894, pp. 1-42, pi. 
1, flgs. 1-8; pi. 2, flgs. 9-12). 
