62 
In case 11 (1904) the muscle was well nourished. 
The right side contained dark-red blood in case 107, dark fluid blood in case 89; 
blood in cases 91 and 93 apparently darker than normal (Wilson and Chowning, 
1903a, pp. 48, 51, 53, 54). In case 120 the right heart was half filled with blood 
(Anderson, 1903a, p. 33). 
In case 11 (1904) the right side contained small clots, white and red. 
The left heart was contracted and empty in cases 107 and 89; it was empty in case 
91; there was small clot in left heart of case 93 (Wilson and Chowning, 1903a, pp. 
48, 51, 53, 54). 
In case 11 (1904) the left ventricle was partially contracted and con- 
tained chicken-fat and red clots. 
In case 97 the valves were normal (WTlson and Chowning, 1903a, p. 56), 
In case 11 (1904) the valves of both sides were apparently normal. 
The endocardium was normal in case 94 (Wilson and Chowning, 1903a, p. 58) and 
120 (Anderson, 1903c, p. 33). 
Gates (1905, pp, 111-113) reports that heart sounds were normal in case 14; the 
heart action was weak in case 16 from first day and became very weak and irregular, 
with low arterial pressure. 
In 1904 the heart sounds were clear and normal in cases 3, 5, 7, 
and 11. 
Comparison. — In Texas fever at autopsy the right ventricle is always distended 
with blood, fluid or clotted, according to the time elapsing between death and the 
examination. The left ventricle is usually firmly contracted and may contain a 
small quantity of fluid or clotted blood. The clots are quite firm and very rarely 
mixed with firmer, pale-yellowish clots. A very constant lesion is the extravasation 
of blood beneath the epicardium and endocardium. This is mainly restricted to the 
left ventricle, although petechke are not infrequently met with on the right ventricle. 
On the external surface of the heart the petechiie are usually grouped along the 
interventricular groove and near the base, although cases occur in Avhich the whole 
ventricular surface is sprinkled over with them. The inner surface of the left ven- 
tricle shows larger patches of extravasation, usually on or at the base of the papillary 
muscles. On the large vessels at the base of the heart within the pericardial sac 
there are frequently very delicate shreds of tissue or patches in a hypennmic condi- 
tion. The heart muscle, on closer inspection, is observed to have its minute vessels 
markedly injected, and in fresh sections the capillary network is found densely 
packed Avith red corpuscles. In cases Avhich ha\^e succumbed after the subsidence 
of the fever the heart muscle is quite pale. Cloudy and fatty changes of the fibers 
are in some cases quite marked, in others absent or restricted to a small number of 
fibers (Smith and Kilborne, 1893, p. 26). 
In carceag the pericardium and pleura usually shoAV abundant ecchymoses. 
In canine piroplasmosis the pericardium contains a Available amount of serous 
fluid; ecchymoses are around the heart, largely in left ventricle (Hutcheon); in 
France it is reported that the pericardium contains yellow or bloody fluid; not 
infrequently one observes numerous petechise about the apex or beneath the endo- 
cardium of the left heart; the heart may be pale (acute case) . 
AORTA. 
In case 11 (1904) the arch of the aorta seemed unusually small. i 
