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CODEINE fSl LPHAS. 
Codeine Sulphate. 
(Ci,H,iN03),.H,S0,^5H,0 
Character. — Long, glistening, white needles, prisms or crystalline 
powder, efflorescent in the air, odorless and having a bitter taste. 
Solubility. — Soluble in about 30 parts of water and 1,035 parts of 
alcohol — much more so when either is warmed. 
The aqueous solution is neutral to litmus paper. 
Dose. — “Average dose: 0.030 Gm.=30 milligrammes (i grain).” 
(U. S. P.) 
Similar Morphine Derivatives. — Codeine is methylmorphine 
(CH 3 )NOg). Dionine is ethylmorphine hjxlrochloride (Ci 7 Hi 7 NO(OH) 
OCgHgHCl + HoO. Peronine is benzylmorphine hydrochloride 
N 03 (CeHgCH„)HCl). Heroine is diacetvlmorphine (Q,Hi,NO(QH 3 
O,),). 
Syrupus Codein^e, X. F. is a 1 per cent solution of Codeine Sulphate 
in Svrup. 
COLCHICINA. 
Colchicine. 
An alkaloid obtained from Colchicum. The U. S. Pharmacopoeia 
demands that the official Colchici Cormus contain not less than 0.35 
per cent and the Colchici Semen not less than 0.55 per cent of colchi- 
cine. Although classed with the alkaloids, colchicine has an acid 
reaction. 
Character. — Pale yellow leaflets or a pale yellow, amorphous pow- 
der, turning darker on exposure to light, having an odor suggesting 
damp hay and a very bitter taste. 
Solubility. — Soluble in water (1:22) and readily so in alcohol. 
Incompatibility. — Colchicine is precipitated from solution by tannic 
acid. 
Dose. — “Average dose: 0.0005 Gm. = 0.5 milligramme grain).” 
(U. S. P.) 
CRESOL. 
Cresol. 
A mixture of three isomeric cresols obtained from coal tar, freed 
from phenol, hydrocarbons, and water. Sometimes erroneously called 
cresylic acid. Cresol is methyl phenol, the three isomeric forms being 
known chemically as ortho-, meta-, and para-cresol. 
Character. — A colorless or straw-colored refractive liquid having a 
phenol-like odor and tui’iiing yellowish-brown on prolonged exposure 
to light. 
