' 453 
He says that European market milk has been found to contain a 
greater average bacterial count, ranging from 5,000,000 to 10,000,000, 
and frequently 20,000,000 to 180,000,000. 
' Proskauer, Seligmann, and Croner,® 1907, found that Danish milk 
sold in Berlin in the summer varied, in round numbers, between 
- 5,000,000 bacteria per cubic centimeter and innumerable quantities. 
In the winter this milk contained about 2,140,000 bacteria per cubic 
centimeter. 
The same investigators found that the market milk of Berlin 
averaged 3,500,000 bacteria per cubic centimeter in summer and 
567,000 in winter. 
Knox and Schorer,^ 1907, state that several summers ago the quality 
of the milk supplied to the working classes in Baltimore was studied 
during two successive summers at the laboratory of the Thomas 
Wilson Sanitarium. Much of the milk on sale at the small stores 
was shown to be unfit for consumption, having a high bacterial count. 
It will thus be seen that the general market milk of Washington, 
as well as that of other large American and European cities, is worthy 
the serious attention of health officers so far as excessive bacterial 
contamination is concerned. 
Addenda . — At the last meeting of the American Association of 
Medical Milk Commissions the following report of the committee on 
bacteriological standards for certified milk was adopted : 
The methods, so far as applicable, shall be those recommended by the committee 
on standard methods of bacteriological milk analysis of the laboratory section of the 
American Public Health Association. 
Bacterial counts for certified milk should be made at least once a week. 
Use agar-agar made according to the recommendation of the committee of the 
American Public Health Association containing 1.5 per cent agar and a reaction of 
-f- 1.0 to phenolphthalein. 
Grow at 37° C. for forty-eight hours, or at 22° C. for five days, or 27° C. for three days. 
When in bottles, milk samples should be obtained in original packages and brought 
direct to the laboratory unopened. 
As soon as practicable upon arrival at the laboratory, open the bottle with aseptic 
precautions and thoroughly mix the milk either by pouring back and forth between 
the original bottle and a sterile bottle, or by agitation for two minutes. 
Make no less than two plates for each sample. 
Make a control of each lot of medium and apparatus at each testing. 
Dilute the milk in the proportion of 1 part of milk to 99 parts of sterile water; shake 
25 times and plate 1 cubic centimeter of the dilution. 
• Express results in multiples of the dilution factor. 
« Proskauer, B., Seligmann, E., and Croner, Fr.: liber die Beschaffenheit der in 
Berlin eingefuhrten danischen Milch. Ein Beitrag zur hygienischen Milchkontrolle. 
Zeit. f. Hyg., vol. 57, 1907, p. 173-247. 
& Knox, J. H. Mason, and Schorer, Edwin H.: A study of hospital and dispensary 
milk in warm weather; with special reference to pasteurization. Arch. Pediatrics, 
July, 1907. 
