100 TYPHOID FEVER IN DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. 
floor it is probable that the resulting spray is thrown upon the meat 
as it is carried through. The accompanying diagram A vdll give 
some idea of the conditions at this place : 
In another factory the water used for ice making is taken from 
a spring which opens into a large unused basement room, and the 
water for condensing is obtained from seven driven wells in the 
narrow yard between the stable and the factory. This yard was grown 
up with weeds. The board cover of the deep well nearest the stable 
was covered with horse maniu’e and surrounded by horse mine. The 
board cover of the well nearest the open door of the very insanitary 
basement room into which the spring opens was covered with newly 
deposited human feces, which was also noticed in the weeds nearby. 
The floor of the spring room is the lowest place in the neighbor- 
hood and is covered wdth trash, rotting wood, mud, and the wash- 
ings (by rain) from the surrounding inhabited hillsides. The spring 
is covered by a rusty, ill-fitting, iron door, one of the hinges of which 
was broken. On my second visit, just after a heavy rain, the water 
in this room was so deep that it was not possible to reach the spring; 
and it was noticed that horse manure and probably human feces had 
been washed into the room. My conductor informed me that during 
the rain this water had flowed over the edges into the spring, its 
rim being somewhat above the level of the floor. 
The accompanying diagram B vdll give some idea of the conditions 
found : 
In a third place the use of a very filthy, undrained, and ill-smelling 
stable in the center of the factory building had just been discon- 
tinued, and was being converted into an ice-storage room. A new, 
but undrained, stable had been erected near by. The board cover 
of a dug well in the corner of this stable, the water from wliich was 
said to be used for condensing, was covered with horse manure and 
surrounded by pools of horse urine. The 3^ard between the stable 
and the factory was grown up ^vith weeds, covered with horse drop- 
pings, very muddy and undrained at the time of inspection. 
In many cases it was found that the wooden tops over the cans 
were dirty; that the cans and tanks are seldom if ever cleaned; that 
the men walk over the tops after visiting the }^ards, stables, urinals, 
etc., bringing in filth or dirt on theu shoes; that water-closets are 
insufficient in number, inconvenient in place, and seldom if ever 
cleaned, and often times the men who work ^^on ice’’ must stand in 
urine to minate; that there are manv uncleaned and unused rooms 
adjoining ice-making or storage rooms, and unkempt, weed-grown 
yards nearb}^, in which men may urinate or defecate ; that the men 
are uncleanlv in then* habits and clotliing — one was seen to blow 
his nose through his fingers onto the wooden tops over the cans, 
and all wore old and badly soiled clothing and shoes; that the filters 
