248 
TYPHOID FETED IX DISTKICT OF COLUMBIA. 
About 2 miles below Knoxville is Brunswick^ Md. This is a rapidly 
growing town on account of the extension of the Baltimore and Ohio 
Kadroad shops and yards which are located here. In 1900 it was 
credited ^vith a population of 2,I”1, which is now locally estimated at 
4,000. It is about 40 miles above Great Falls, and, to Washington, it 
is one of the most important points on the Potomac watershed. The 
water consumed here is from wells, cisterns, and the river, from wliich 
it is pumped by the Baltimore and Ohio Railway. There is no sewer- 
age; privies are in general use, some of which drain into and, others, 
overhang two branches which run tlrrough the town. One of these 
streams also receives the sewage of the railroad bunk house, and will 
probably receive that of a railroad Yoimg Men’s Christian Associa- 
tion building which is being erected. 
A good deal of typhoid occurs here every year. From the records 
for 1904, 1905, and 1906 (to July 28) there appears to be, on the basis 
of a population of 4,000, an annual mortality from this disease of 50 
per 100,000. From January 1 to July 28, 1906, there were reported 
four cases of the disease. 
Proceeding eastward, the Potomac receives in succession Catoctin 
Creek, Maryland, and Catoctin Creek, Virginia, before reaching Point 
of Rocks. 
In the drainage area of Catoctin Creek, Virginia, there are no 
centers of population of much importance. Waterford is a village 
on a small tributary of Catoctin Creek, wliich is polluted by some 
privies along and overhanging it. The water consumed is from 
springs and wells. 
A few cases of typhoid are met with in the town of Waterford and 
surroundings every year. 
Washington Junction is the railroad station for Point of Rocks, 
a small town 33 miles above Great Falls. The depot has water 
closets which flush into the river and in the village some privies drain 
into a run which enters the river. 
Six miles below Point of Rocks the Monocacy River joins the 
Potomac. The Monocacy drains an area of 940 square miles, which 
had a population of 86,661 in 1900. It receives its most serious 
pollution at Frederick. 
Frederick, Md., situated on Carroll Creek, a small tributary of the 
Monocacy, 47 miles from Great Falls, had a population of 9,296 in 
1900. It is the county seat of Frederick County. This town boasts 
of a fine public water supply which is probably above suspicion. 
There is no sewerage s}'stem, but there are two drains wliich take 
the surface water and some domestic waste, soil being excluded. 
The creek is polluted, however, hy the waste and the sewage of 200 
employees of the Union Knitting Mill and hj the overflow from the 
cesspool of the woman’s college. A few cases of typhoid fever occur 
